Adaptive Destruction Processes for Diffusion Samplers
On the map: Diffusion models → Diffusion foundations and sampling
Abstract (arXiv)
This paper explores the challenges and benefits of a trainable destruction process in diffusion samplers -- diffusion-based generative models trained to sample an unnormalised density without access to data samples. Contrary to the majority of work that views diffusion samplers as approximations to an underlying continuous-time model, we view diffusion models as discrete-time policies trained to produce samples in very few generation steps. We propose to trade some of the elegance of the underlying theory for flexibility in the definition of the generative and destruction policies. In particular, we decouple the generation and destruction variances, enabling both transition kernels to be learned as unconstrained Gaussian densities. We show that, when the number of steps is limited, training both generation and destruction processes results in faster convergence and improved sampling quality on various benchmarks. Through a robust ablation study, we investigate the design choices necessary to facilitate stable training. Finally, we show the scalability of our approach through experiments on GAN latent space sampling for conditional image generation.
Key facts. Cited by 6 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Placed in Diffusion foundations and sampling, one of 14 directions in Diffusion models. Builds on 80 of its 99 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 2 Jun 2025.
Builds on
80 of 99 references.
Closest ancestors · 13
Same direction, newest first
- 2025Outsourced diffusion sampling: Efficient posterior inference in latent spaces of generative models10 Feb
- 2024Neural Flow Diffusion Models: Learnable Forward Process for Improved Diffusion Modelling19 Apr
- 2024Improved off-policy training of diffusion samplers7 Feb
- 2023Diffusion Models With Learned Adaptive Noise20 Dec
- 2023DiffEnc: Variational Diffusion with a Learned Encoder30 Oct
- 2023Neural Diffusion Models12 Oct
- 2023Simulation-free Schr"odinger bridges via score and flow matching7 Jul
- 2023Diffusion Schr"odinger Bridge Matching29 Mar
- 2023Denoising Diffusion Samplers27 Feb
- 2022An optimal control perspective on diffusion-based generative modeling2 Nov
- 2021Diffusion Schr"odinger Bridge with Applications to Score-Based Generative Modeling1 Jun
- 2020Score-Based Generative Modeling through Stochastic Differential Equations26 Nov
1 more
- 2020Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Models19 Jun
Other references · 67
- 2014Adam: A Method for Stochastic Optimizationcited by 37,240
- 2021Learning Transferable Visual Models From Natural Language Supervisioncited by 33,744
- 2015U-Net: Convolutional Networks for Biomedical Image Segmentationcited by 19,713
- 2015Deep Unsupervised Learning using Nonequilibrium Thermodynamicscited by 7,058
- 2018A Style-Based Generator Architecture for Generative Adversarial Networkscited by 6,013
- 2016Gaussian Error Linear Units (GELUs)cited by 3,502
- 2021Alias-Free Generative Adversarial Networkscited by 1,184
- 2015Prioritized Experience Replaycited by 1,099
- 2023ImageReward: Learning and Evaluating Human Preferences for Text-to-Image Generationcited by 1,045
- 2021Flow Network based Generative Models for Non-Iterative Diverse Candidate Generationcited by 392
- 2021GFlowNet Foundationscited by 290
- 2019A Theory of Regularized Markov Decision Processescited by 286
38 more
- 2022Trajectory balance: Improved credit assignment in GFlowNetscited by 251
- 2021Likelihood Training of Schr"odinger Bridge using Forward-Backward SDEs Theorycited by 219
- 2017Bridging the Gap Between Value and Policy Based Reinforcement Learningcited by 182
- 2017A unified view of entropy-regularized Markov decision processescited by 182
- 2021Path Integral Sampler: a stochastic control approach for samplingcited by 181
- 2022Biological Sequence Design with GFlowNetscited by 174
- 2022Bayesian Structure Learning with Generative Flow Networkscited by 153
- 2021Solving Schr"odinger Bridges via Maximum Likelihoodcited by 141
- 2022Learning GFlowNets from partial episodes for improved convergence and stabilitycited by 132
- 2022Flow Annealed Importance Sampling Bootstrapcited by 127
- 2024Iterated Denoising Energy Matching for Sampling from Boltzmann Densitiescited by 116
- 2022GFlowNets and variational inferencecited by 106
- 2023Improved sampling via learned diffusionscited by 104
- 2023A theory of continuous generative flow networkscited by 101
- 2024Understanding Reinforcement Learning-Based Fine-Tuning of Diffusion Models: A Tutorial and Reviewcited by 98
- 2023Amortizing intractable inference in large language modelscited by 97
- 2023Better Training of GFlowNets with Local Credit and Incomplete Trajectoriescited by 85
- 2025Adjoint Sampling: Highly Scalable Diffusion Samplers via Adjoint Matchingcited by 85
- 2023Autoregressive Diffusion Model for Graph Generationcited by 83
- 2020Solving high-dimensional Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman PDEs using neural networks: perspectives from the theory of controlled diffusions and measures on path spacecited by 82
- 2020VarGrad: A Low-Variance Gradient Estimator for Variational Inferencecited by 75
- 2023Robust Scheduling with GFlowNetscited by 69
- 2023Generative Flow Networks as Entropy-Regularized RLcited by 64
- 2023TorchRL: A data-driven decision-making library for PyTorchcited by 60
- 2023Diffusion Generative Flow Samplers: Improving learning signals through partial trajectory optimizationcited by 57
- 2021Bayesian Learning via Neural Schr"odinger-F"ollmer Flowscited by 56
- 2024Beyond ELBOs: A Large-Scale Evaluation of Variational Methods for Samplingcited by 56
- 2024Learning diverse attacks on large language models for robust red-teaming and safety tuningcited by 54
- 2024Ant Colony Sampling with GFlowNets for Combinatorial Optimizationcited by 53
- 2022A-NeSI: A Scalable Approximate Method for Probabilistic Neurosymbolic Inferencecited by 50
- 2023Joint Bayesian Inference of Graphical Structure and Parameters with a Single Generative Flow Networkcited by 50
- 2024Discrete Probabilistic Inference as Control in Multi-path Environmentscited by 44
- 2023Learning Interpolations between Boltzmann Densitiescited by 43
- 2023GFlowNet-EM for learning compositional latent variable modelscited by 40
- 2022A Variational Perspective on Generative Flow Networkscited by 39
- 2023Thompson sampling for improved exploration in GFlowNetscited by 32
- 2023Maximum entropy GFlowNets with soft Q-learningcited by 30
- 2025Underdamped Diffusion Bridges with Applications to Samplingcited by 29
50 most cited of 67 All 67 (JSON)
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2025: 3; 2026: 3.
6 papers.
- 2025Trust Region Constrained Measure Transport in Path Space for Stochastic Optimal Control and Inferencecited by 23
- 2026Bridge Matching Sampler: Scalable Sampling via Generalized Fixed-Point Diffusion Matchingcited by 10
- 2025Data-to-Energy Stochastic Dynamicscited by 6
- 2025Reinforced sequential Monte Carlo for amortised samplingcited by 6
- 2026Discrete diffusion samplers and bridges: Off-policy algorithms and applications in latent spacescited by 2
- 2026Stop the Sampler! Classifier-Based Adaptive Stopping for Sampling Kernelscited by 0
- 2026Stop the Sampler! Classifier-Based Adaptive Stopping for Sampling Kernels15 Jun 2026
- 2026Bridge Matching Sampler: Scalable Sampling via Generalized Fixed-Point Diffusion Matching28 Feb 2026
- 2026Discrete diffusion samplers and bridges: Off-policy algorithms and applications in latent spaces5 Feb 2026
- 2025Reinforced sequential Monte Carlo for amortised sampling13 Oct 2025
- 2025Data-to-Energy Stochastic Dynamics30 Sep 2025
- 2025Trust Region Constrained Measure Transport in Path Space for Stochastic Optimal Control and Inference17 Aug 2025
Similar, not cited
Close in wording, no citation either way
- 2022Progressive Distillation for Fast Sampling of Diffusion Models
- 2025Revisiting Diffusion Models: From Generative Pre-training to One-Step Generation
- 2024Pruning then Reweighting: Towards Data-Efficient Training of Diffusion Models
- 2022Learning Fast Samplers for Diffusion Models by Differentiating Through Sample Quality
- 2023Conditional Image Generation with Pretrained Generative Model
- 2021Diffusion Models Beat GANs on Image Synthesis
- 2025Information-Theoretic Proofs for Diffusion Sampling
- 2024Input-Adaptive Generative Dynamics in Diffusion Models