mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

Confident Object Detection via Conformal Prediction and Conformal Risk Control: an Application to Railway Signaling

arXiv 2304.06052 ↗First posted 12 Apr 2023cs.LG stat.MLcited by 22

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Abstract (arXiv)

Deploying deep learning models in real-world certified systems requires the ability to provide confidence estimates that accurately reflect their uncertainty. In this paper, we demonstrate the use of the conformal prediction framework to construct reliable and trustworthy predictors for detecting railway signals. Our approach is based on a novel dataset that includes images taken from the perspective of a train operator and state-of-the-art object detectors. We test several conformal approaches and introduce a new method based on conformal risk control. Our findings demonstrate the potential of the conformal prediction framework to evaluate model performance and provide practical guidance for achieving formally guaranteed uncertainty bounds.

Key facts. Cited by 22 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 20 of its 35 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 12 Apr 2023.

Builds on

20 of 35 references.

References · 20

  1. 2015Faster R-CNN: Towards Real-Time Object Detection with Region Proposal Networkscited by 9,639
  2. 2020End-to-End Object Detection with Transformerscited by 7,414
  3. 2015You Only Look Once: Unified, Real-Time Object Detectioncited by 4,852
  4. 2016Distribution-Free Predictive Inference For Regressioncited by 668
  5. 2019Conformalized Quantile Regressioncited by 629
  6. 2018Object Detection with Deep Learning: A Reviewcited by 528
  7. 2022DiffusionDet: Diffusion Model for Object Detectioncited by 354
  8. 2022Conformal Risk Controlcited by 299
  9. 2021Distribution-Free, Risk-Controlling Prediction Setscited by 288
  10. 2021Learn then Test: Calibrating Predictive Algorithms to Achieve Risk Controlcited by 271
  11. 2019Predictive inference with the jackknife+cited by 211
  12. 2020A Review and Comparative Study on Probabilistic Object Detection in Autonomous Drivingcited by 115
8 more
  1. 2019A comparison of some conformal quantile regression methodscited by 76
  2. 2019BayesOD: A Bayesian Approach for Uncertainty Estimation in Deep Object Detectorscited by 68
  3. 2019PAC Confidence Sets for Deep Neural Networks via Calibrated Predictioncited by 60
  4. 2018Probabilistic Object Detection: Definition and Evaluationcited by 55
  5. 2021Monte Carlo DropBlock for Modelling Uncertainty in Object Detectioncited by 20
  6. 2020FRSign: A Large-Scale Traffic Light Dataset for Autonomous Trainscited by 10
  7. 2022Towards PAC Multi-Object Detection and Trackingcited by 8
  8. 2023Conformal Prediction for Trustworthy Detection of Railway Signalscited by 7

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Cited by year (2026 to 14 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2023: 2; 2024: 5; 2025: 10; 2026: 5.

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  1. 2025Conformal Prediction for Image Segmentation Using Morphological Prediction Setscited by 14
  2. 2025Seeing and Reasoning with Confidence: Supercharging Multimodal LLMs with an Uncertainty-Aware Agentic Frameworkcited by 12
  3. 2023Estimating Uncertainty in Multimodal Foundation Models using Public Internet Datacited by 10
  4. 2024Conformal Structured Predictioncited by 10
  5. 2023Max-Rank: Efficient Multiple Testing for Conformal Predictioncited by 7
  6. 2025Conformal Prediction and MLLM aided Uncertainty Quantification in Scene Graph Generationcited by 7
  7. 2024Conformal confidence sets for biomedical image segmentationcited by 6
  8. 2025Robust Vision-Based Runway Detection through Conformal Prediction and Conformal mAPcited by 5
  9. 2024Space-scale Exploration of the Poor Reliability of Deep Learning Models: the Case of the Remote Sensing of Rooftop Photovoltaic Systemscited by 4
  10. 2025Efficient Robust Conformal Prediction via Lipschitz-Bounded Networkscited by 4
  11. 2024The Penalized Inverse Probability Measure for Conformal Classificationcited by 3
  12. 2025Conformal Object Detection by Sequential Risk Controlcited by 3
10 more
  1. 2024Conformal Risk Control for Pulmonary Nodule Detectioncited by 2
  2. 2025Conformal Segmentation in Industrial Surface Defect Detection with Statistical Guaranteescited by 2
  3. 2026TriCCOT: Tri-part Convolutional Conformal Transformer for Onboard Space Object Detectioncited by 2
  4. 2025Uncertainty Guarantees on Automated Precision Weeding using Conformal Predictioncited by 1
  5. 2025Efficient Precision Control in Object Detection Models for Enhanced and Reliable Ovarian Follicle Countingcited by 1
  6. 2026Conformal Prediction Sets for Instance Segmentationcited by 1
  7. 2025Learning to Navigate Under Imperfect Perception: Conformalised Segmentation for Safe Reinforcement Learningcited by 0
  8. 2026Unifying Runtime Monitoring Approaches for Safety-Critical Machine Learning: Application to Vision-Based Landingcited by 0
  9. 2026Probabilistic Object Detection with Conformal Predictioncited by 0
  10. 2026Conformal Coverage Guarantees for Any Video Temporal Groundercited by 0