mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

Conformal Prediction for Trustworthy Detection of Railway Signals

arXiv 2301.11136 ↗First posted 26 Jan 2023stat.MLcited by 7

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Abstract (arXiv)

We present an application of conformal prediction, a form of uncertainty quantification with guarantees, to the detection of railway signals. State-of-the-art architectures are tested and the most promising one undergoes the process of conformalization, where a correction is applied to the predicted bounding boxes (i.e. to their height and width) such that they comply with a predefined probability of success. We work with a novel exploratory dataset of images taken from the perspective of a train operator, as a first step to build and validate future trustworthy machine learning models for the detection of railway signals.

Key facts. Cited by 7 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 16 of its 23 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 26 Jan 2023.

Builds on

16 of 23 references.

References · 16

  1. 2020An Image is Worth 16x16 Words: Transformers for Image Recognition at Scalecited by 30,186
  2. 2014Microsoft COCO: Common Objects in Contextcited by 17,608
  3. 2020End-to-End Object Detection with Transformerscited by 7,414
  4. 2015You Only Look Once: Unified, Real-Time Object Detectioncited by 4,852
  5. 2017MobileNets: Efficient Convolutional Neural Networks for Mobile Vision Applicationscited by 3,845
  6. 2021A Gentle Introduction to Conformal Prediction and Distribution-Free Uncertainty Quantificationcited by 792
  7. 2016Distribution-Free Predictive Inference For Regressioncited by 668
  8. 2018Object Detection with Deep Learning: A Reviewcited by 528
  9. 2022DiffusionDet: Diffusion Model for Object Detectioncited by 354
  10. 2022Conformal Risk Controlcited by 299
  11. 2021Distribution-Free, Risk-Controlling Prediction Setscited by 288
  12. 2019BayesOD: A Bayesian Approach for Uncertainty Estimation in Deep Object Detectorscited by 68
4 more
  1. 2018Probabilistic Object Detection: Definition and Evaluationcited by 55
  2. 2021Monte Carlo DropBlock for Modelling Uncertainty in Object Detectioncited by 20
  3. 2020FRSign: A Large-Scale Traffic Light Dataset for Autonomous Trainscited by 10
  4. 2022Towards PAC Multi-Object Detection and Trackingcited by 8

Built on by

Cited by year

Citing papers per year: 2023: 2; 2024: 3; 2025: 2.

7 papers.

  1. 2024Adaptive Bounding Box Uncertainties via Two-Step Conformal Predictioncited by 23
  2. 2023Confident Object Detection via Conformal Prediction and Conformal Risk Control: an Application to Railway Signalingcited by 22
  3. 2025Conformal Prediction for Image Segmentation Using Morphological Prediction Setscited by 14
  4. 2023Guaranteed Dynamic Scheduling of Ultra-Reliable Low-Latency Traffic via Conformal Predictioncited by 6
  5. 2025Conformal Object Detection by Sequential Risk Controlcited by 3
  6. 2024Conformal Risk Control for Pulmonary Nodule Detectioncited by 2
  7. 2024Conformal Predictions for Probabilistically Robust Scalable Machine Learning Classificationcited by 1