What do you MEME? Generating Explanations for Visual Semantic Role Labelling in Memes
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Abstract (arXiv)
Memes are powerful means for effective communication on social media. Their effortless amalgamation of viral visuals and compelling messages can have far-reaching implications with proper marketing. Previous research on memes has primarily focused on characterizing their affective spectrum and detecting whether the meme's message insinuates any intended harm, such as hate, offense, racism, etc. However, memes often use abstraction, which can be elusive. Here, we introduce a novel task - EXCLAIM, generating explanations for visual semantic role labeling in memes. To this end, we curate ExHVV, a novel dataset that offers natural language explanations of connotative roles for three types of entities - heroes, villains, and victims, encompassing 4,680 entities present in 3K memes. We also benchmark ExHVV with several strong unimodal and multimodal baselines. Moreover, we posit LUMEN, a novel multimodal, multi-task learning framework that endeavors to address EXCLAIM optimally by jointly learning to predict the correct semantic roles and correspondingly to generate suitable natural language explanations. LUMEN distinctly outperforms the best baseline across 18 standard natural language generation evaluation metrics. Our systematic evaluation and analyses demonstrate that characteristic multimodal cues required for adjudicating semantic roles are also helpful for generating suitable explanations.
Key facts. Cited by 18 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 45 of its 61 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 1 Dec 2022.
Builds on
45 of 61 references.
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Citing papers per year: 2023: 2; 2024: 2; 2025: 6; 2026: 8.
18 papers.
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- 2023VisIT-Bench: A Benchmark for Vision-Language Instruction Following Inspired by Real-World Usecited by 102
- 2024MemeMQA: Multimodal Question Answering for Memes via Rationale-Based Inferencingcited by 12
- 2023MEMEX: Detecting Explanatory Evidence for Memes via Knowledge-Enriched Contextualizationcited by 11
- 2026MemeLens: Multilingual Multitask VLMs for Memescited by 6
- 2024SAFE-MEME: Structured Reasoning Framework for Robust Hate Speech Detection in Memescited by 4
- 2025MemeReaCon: Probing Contextual Meme Understanding in Large Vision-Language Modelscited by 4
- 2025MGHFT: Multi-Granularity Hierarchical Fusion Transformer for Cross-Modal Sticker Emotion Recognitioncited by 4
- 2025Playing Devil's Advocate: Unmasking Toxicity and Vulnerabilities in Large Vision-Language Modelscited by 2
- 2025On VLMs for Diverse Tasks in Multimodal Meme Classificationcited by 2
- 2025Oogiri-Master: Benchmarking Humor Understanding via Oogiricited by 1
- 2025MAMA-Memeia! Multi-Aspect Multi-Agent Collaboration for Depressive Symptoms Identification in Memescited by 1
- 2026The Overlooked Repetitive Lengthening Form in Sentiment Analysiscited by 1
6 more
- 2026ViMU: Benchmarking Video Metaphorical Understandingcited by 1
- 2026Memes-as-Replies: Can Models Select Humorous Manga Panel Responses?cited by 0
- 2026ClimateVID -- Social Media Videos Analysis and Challenges Involvedcited by 0
- 2026Distinguishing Right from Wrong in Debates: Attribution Analysis of Chinese Harmful Memescited by 0
- 2026I Know What You Meme, Even If it Emerged Today: Understanding Evolving Memes through Open-World Knowledge Acquisitioncited by 0
- 2026Computational Humor with Multimodal LLMs: Methods, Datasets, Evaluation, and Challengescited by 0
- 2026Computational Humor with Multimodal LLMs: Methods, Datasets, Evaluation, and Challenges21 Jul 2026
- 2026I Know What You Meme, Even If it Emerged Today: Understanding Evolving Memes through Open-World Knowledge Acquisition3 Jun 2026
- 2026Distinguishing Right from Wrong in Debates: Attribution Analysis of Chinese Harmful Memes23 May 2026
- 2026ViMU: Benchmarking Video Metaphorical Understanding14 May 2026
- 2026ClimateVID -- Social Media Videos Analysis and Challenges Involved30 Apr 2026
- 2026The Overlooked Repetitive Lengthening Form in Sentiment Analysis1 Apr 2026
- 2026Memes-as-Replies: Can Models Select Humorous Manga Panel Responses?21 Jan 2026
- 2026MemeLens: Multilingual Multitask VLMs for Memes18 Jan 2026
- 2025MAMA-Memeia! Multi-Aspect Multi-Agent Collaboration for Depressive Symptoms Identification in Memes31 Dec 2025
- 2025Oogiri-Master: Benchmarking Humor Understanding via Oogiri25 Dec 2025
- 2025MGHFT: Multi-Granularity Hierarchical Fusion Transformer for Cross-Modal Sticker Emotion Recognition25 Jul 2025
- 2025On VLMs for Diverse Tasks in Multimodal Meme Classification27 May 2025
6 more
- 2025MemeReaCon: Probing Contextual Meme Understanding in Large Vision-Language Models23 May 2025
- 2025Playing Devil's Advocate: Unmasking Toxicity and Vulnerabilities in Large Vision-Language Models14 Jan 2025
- 2024SAFE-MEME: Structured Reasoning Framework for Robust Hate Speech Detection in Memes29 Dec 2024
- 2024MemeMQA: Multimodal Question Answering for Memes via Rationale-Based Inferencing18 May 2024
- 2023VisIT-Bench: A Benchmark for Vision-Language Instruction Following Inspired by Real-World Use12 Aug 2023
- 2023MEMEX: Detecting Explanatory Evidence for Memes via Knowledge-Enriched Contextualization25 May 2023
- 2023VisIT-Bench: A Benchmark for Vision-Language Instruction Following Inspired by Real-World Usecited by 102
- 2025MemeReaCon: Probing Contextual Meme Understanding in Large Vision-Language Modelscited by 4
- 2025MGHFT: Multi-Granularity Hierarchical Fusion Transformer for Cross-Modal Sticker Emotion Recognitioncited by 4
- 2025Playing Devil's Advocate: Unmasking Toxicity and Vulnerabilities in Large Vision-Language Modelscited by 2
- 2025On VLMs for Diverse Tasks in Multimodal Meme Classificationcited by 2
- 2026Computational Humor with Multimodal LLMs: Methods, Datasets, Evaluation, and Challengescited by 0
- 2026Computational Humor with Multimodal LLMs: Methods, Datasets, Evaluation, and Challenges21 Jul 2026
- 2025MGHFT: Multi-Granularity Hierarchical Fusion Transformer for Cross-Modal Sticker Emotion Recognition25 Jul 2025
- 2025On VLMs for Diverse Tasks in Multimodal Meme Classification27 May 2025
- 2025MemeReaCon: Probing Contextual Meme Understanding in Large Vision-Language Models23 May 2025
- 2025Playing Devil's Advocate: Unmasking Toxicity and Vulnerabilities in Large Vision-Language Models14 Jan 2025
- 2023VisIT-Bench: A Benchmark for Vision-Language Instruction Following Inspired by Real-World Use12 Aug 2023
- 2024MemeMQA: Multimodal Question Answering for Memes via Rationale-Based Inferencingcited by 12
- 2023MEMEX: Detecting Explanatory Evidence for Memes via Knowledge-Enriched Contextualizationcited by 11
- 2026MemeLens: Multilingual Multitask VLMs for Memescited by 6
- 2024SAFE-MEME: Structured Reasoning Framework for Robust Hate Speech Detection in Memescited by 4
- 2025Oogiri-Master: Benchmarking Humor Understanding via Oogiricited by 1
- 2025MAMA-Memeia! Multi-Aspect Multi-Agent Collaboration for Depressive Symptoms Identification in Memescited by 1
- 2026The Overlooked Repetitive Lengthening Form in Sentiment Analysiscited by 1
- 2026ViMU: Benchmarking Video Metaphorical Understandingcited by 1
- 2026Memes-as-Replies: Can Models Select Humorous Manga Panel Responses?cited by 0
- 2026ClimateVID -- Social Media Videos Analysis and Challenges Involvedcited by 0
- 2026Distinguishing Right from Wrong in Debates: Attribution Analysis of Chinese Harmful Memescited by 0
- 2026I Know What You Meme, Even If it Emerged Today: Understanding Evolving Memes through Open-World Knowledge Acquisitioncited by 0
- 2026I Know What You Meme, Even If it Emerged Today: Understanding Evolving Memes through Open-World Knowledge Acquisition3 Jun 2026
- 2026Distinguishing Right from Wrong in Debates: Attribution Analysis of Chinese Harmful Memes23 May 2026
- 2026ViMU: Benchmarking Video Metaphorical Understanding14 May 2026
- 2026ClimateVID -- Social Media Videos Analysis and Challenges Involved30 Apr 2026
- 2026The Overlooked Repetitive Lengthening Form in Sentiment Analysis1 Apr 2026
- 2026Memes-as-Replies: Can Models Select Humorous Manga Panel Responses?21 Jan 2026
- 2026MemeLens: Multilingual Multitask VLMs for Memes18 Jan 2026
- 2025MAMA-Memeia! Multi-Aspect Multi-Agent Collaboration for Depressive Symptoms Identification in Memes31 Dec 2025
- 2025Oogiri-Master: Benchmarking Humor Understanding via Oogiri25 Dec 2025
- 2024SAFE-MEME: Structured Reasoning Framework for Robust Hate Speech Detection in Memes29 Dec 2024
- 2024MemeMQA: Multimodal Question Answering for Memes via Rationale-Based Inferencing18 May 2024
- 2023MEMEX: Detecting Explanatory Evidence for Memes via Knowledge-Enriched Contextualization25 May 2023