SfM-TTR: Using Structure from Motion for Test-Time Refinement of Single-View Depth Networks
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Abstract (arXiv)
Estimating a dense depth map from a single view is geometrically ill-posed, and state-of-the-art methods rely on learning depth's relation with visual appearance using deep neural networks. On the other hand, Structure from Motion (SfM) leverages multi-view constraints to produce very accurate but sparse maps, as matching across images is typically limited by locally discriminative texture. In this work, we combine the strengths of both approaches by proposing a novel test-time refinement (TTR) method, denoted as SfM-TTR, that boosts the performance of single-view depth networks at test time using SfM multi-view cues. Specifically, and differently from the state of the art, we use sparse SfM point clouds as test-time self-supervisory signal, fine-tuning the network encoder to learn a better representation of the test scene. Our results show how the addition of SfM-TTR to several state-of-the-art self-supervised and supervised networks improves significantly their performance, outperforming previous TTR baselines mainly based on photometric multi-view consistency. The code is available at https://github.com/serizba/SfM-TTR.
Key facts. Cited by 10 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 42 of its 69 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 24 Nov 2022.
Builds on
42 of 69 references.
References · 42
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- 2014Depth Map Prediction from a Single Image using a Multi-Scale Deep Networkcited by 1,274
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- 2016Unsupervised Monocular Depth Estimation with Left-Right Consistencycited by 820
- 2017Unsupervised Learning of Depth and Ego-Motion from Videocited by 782
- 2018MegaDepth: Learning Single-View Depth Prediction from Internet Photoscited by 737
- 2018Deep Ordinal Regression Network for Monocular Depth Estimationcited by 723
- 2020AdaBins: Depth Estimation using Adaptive Binscited by 601
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- 2016Deeper Depth Prediction with Fully Convolutional Residual Networkscited by 403
30 more
- 2018GeoNet: Unsupervised Learning of Dense Depth, Optical Flow and Camera Posecited by 342
- 2017Sparsity Invariant CNNscited by 326
- 2020Consistent Video Depth Estimationcited by 220
- 2021The Temporal Opportunist: Self-Supervised Multi-Frame Monocular Depthcited by 190
- 2019Depth from Videos in the Wild: Unsupervised Monocular Depth Learning from Unknown Camerascited by 170
- 2015Learning Depth from Single Monocular Images Using Deep Convolutional Neural Fieldscited by 169
- 2018Unsupervised Learning of Monocular Depth Estimation and Visual Odometry with Deep Feature Reconstructioncited by 159
- 2018Depth Prediction Without the Sensors: Leveraging Structure for Unsupervised Learning from Monocular Videoscited by 155
- 2022NeW CRFs: Neural Window Fully-connected CRFs for Monocular Depth Estimationcited by 153
- 2017CNN-SLAM: Real-time dense monocular SLAM with learned depth predictioncited by 152
- 2020Feature-metric Loss for Self-supervised Learning of Depth and Egomotioncited by 140
- 2019Self-supervised Learning with Geometric Constraints in Monocular Video: Connecting Flow, Depth, and Cameracited by 130
- 2020Self-supervised Monocular Trained Depth Estimation using Self-attention and Discrete Disparity Volumecited by 116
- 2022P3Depth: Monocular Depth Estimation with a Piecewise Planarity Priorcited by 107
- 2021Boosting Monocular Depth Estimation Models to High-Resolution via Content-Adaptive Multi-Resolution Mergingcited by 104
- 2022LocalBins: Improving Depth Estimation by Learning Local Distributionscited by 94
- 2018Deep Virtual Stereo Odometry: Leveraging Deep Depth Prediction for Monocular Direct Sparse Odometrycited by 85
- 2021Endo-Depth-and-Motion: Reconstruction and Tracking in Endoscopic Videos using Depth Networks and Photometric Constraintscited by 81
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- 2019CAM-Convs: Camera-Aware Multi-Scale Convolutions for Single-View Depthcited by 75
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- 2021Multi-View Depth Estimation by Fusing Single-View Depth Probability with Multi-View Geometrycited by 46
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Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2023: 1; 2024: 3; 2025: 5; 2026: 1.
10 papers.
- 2025MVSAnywhere: Zero-Shot Multi-View Stereocited by 26
- 2023LightDepth: Single-View Depth Self-Supervision from Illumination Declinecited by 17
- 2024DoubleTake: Geometry Guided Depth Estimationcited by 9
- 20253D Densification for Multi-Map Monocular VSLAM in Endoscopycited by 3
- 2024Revisit Self-supervised Depth Estimation with Local Structure-from-Motioncited by 1
- 2024Single-Shot Metric Depth from Focused Plenoptic Camerascited by 1
- 2025Not All Pixels Are Equal: Confidence-Guided Attention for Feature Matchingcited by 0
- 2025Layered Motion Fusion: Lifting Motion Segmentation to 3D in Egocentric Videoscited by 0
- 2025CCNeXt: An Effective Self-Supervised Stereo Depth Estimation Approachcited by 0
- 2026SwiftNDC: Fast Neural Depth Correction for High-Fidelity 3D Reconstructioncited by 0
- 2026SwiftNDC: Fast Neural Depth Correction for High-Fidelity 3D Reconstruction26 Feb 2026
- 2025CCNeXt: An Effective Self-Supervised Stereo Depth Estimation Approach26 Sep 2025
- 2025Layered Motion Fusion: Lifting Motion Segmentation to 3D in Egocentric Videos5 Jun 2025
- 2025Not All Pixels Are Equal: Confidence-Guided Attention for Feature Matching4 May 2025
- 2025MVSAnywhere: Zero-Shot Multi-View Stereo28 Mar 2025
- 20253D Densification for Multi-Map Monocular VSLAM in Endoscopy18 Mar 2025
- 2024Single-Shot Metric Depth from Focused Plenoptic Cameras3 Dec 2024
- 2024Revisit Self-supervised Depth Estimation with Local Structure-from-Motion27 Jul 2024
- 2024DoubleTake: Geometry Guided Depth Estimation26 Jun 2024
- 2023LightDepth: Single-View Depth Self-Supervision from Illumination Decline21 Aug 2023