Constructing Balance from Imbalance for Long-tailed Image Recognition
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Abstract (arXiv)
Long-tailed image recognition presents massive challenges to deep learning systems since the imbalance between majority (head) classes and minority (tail) classes severely skews the data-driven deep neural networks. Previous methods tackle with data imbalance from the viewpoints of data distribution, feature space, and model design, etc. In this work, instead of directly learning a recognition model, we suggest confronting the bottleneck of head-to-tail bias before classifier learning, from the previously omitted perspective of balancing label space. To alleviate the head-to-tail bias, we propose a concise paradigm by progressively adjusting label space and dividing the head classes and tail classes, dynamically constructing balance from imbalance to facilitate the classification. With flexible data filtering and label space mapping, we can easily embed our approach to most classification models, especially the decoupled training methods. Besides, we find the separability of head-tail classes varies among different features with different inductive biases. Hence, our proposed model also provides a feature evaluation method and paves the way for long-tailed feature learning. Extensive experiments show that our method can boost the performance of state-of-the-arts of different types on widely-used benchmarks. Code is available at https://github.com/silicx/DLSA.
Key facts. Cited by 25 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 51 of its 71 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 4 Aug 2022.
Builds on
51 of 71 references.
References · 51
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- 2021Learning Transferable Visual Models From Natural Language Supervisioncited by 33,456
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38 more
- 2019Large-Scale Long-Tailed Recognition in an Open Worldcited by 704
- 2017Masked Autoregressive Flow for Density Estimationcited by 680
- 2016Improving Variational Inference with Inverse Autoregressive Flowcited by 636
- 2020Long-tail learning via logit adjustmentcited by 605
- 2017A systematic study of the class imbalance problem in convolutional neural networkscited by 510
- 2019BBN: Bilateral-Branch Network with Cumulative Learning for Long-Tailed Visual Recognitioncited by 403
- 2020Balanced Meta-Softmax for Long-Tailed Visual Recognitioncited by 397
- 2018Dynamic Few-Shot Visual Learning without Forgettingcited by 385
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- 2018What is the Effect of Importance Weighting in Deep Learning?cited by 250
- 2021Parametric Contrastive Learningcited by 217
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- 2020Disentangling Label Distribution for Long-tailed Visual Recognitioncited by 172
- 2020Remix: Rebalanced Mixupcited by 144
- 2020Rethinking Class-Balanced Methods for Long-Tailed Visual Recognition from a Domain Adaptation Perspectivecited by 143
- 2020Feature Space Augmentation for Long-Tailed Datacited by 136
- 2020M2m: Imbalanced Classification via Major-to-minor Translationcited by 134
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- 2020Symmetry and Group in Attribute-Object Compositionscited by 89
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- 2021Distributional Robustness Loss for Long-tail Learningcited by 84
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- 2019Semi-Supervised Learning with Normalizing Flowscited by 76
- 2021Distilling Virtual Examples for Long-tailed Recognitioncited by 72
- 2021Learning Fast Sample Re-weighting Without Reward Datacited by 69
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- 2021Balanced Knowledge Distillation for Long-tailed Learningcited by 23
50 most cited of 51 All 51 (JSON)
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Citing papers per year: 2022: 4; 2023: 8; 2024: 9; 2025: 3; 2026: 1.
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- 2022LPT: Long-tailed Prompt Tuning for Image Classificationcited by 69
- 2022Learning Imbalanced Data with Vision Transformerscited by 34
- 2024A Systematic Review on Long-Tailed Learningcited by 27
- 2023MDCS: More Diverse Experts with Consistency Self-distillation for Long-tailed Recognitioncited by 19
- 2023Symbol-LLM: Leverage Language Models for Symbolic System in Visual Human Activity Reasoningcited by 16
- 2022Meta-Causal Feature Learning for Out-of-Distribution Generalizationcited by 14
- 2022Beyond Object Recognition: A New Benchmark towards Object Concept Learningcited by 11
- 2025A Comprehensive Survey on Imbalanced Data Learningcited by 10
- 2023Class-level Structural Relation Modelling and Smoothing for Visual Representation Learningcited by 9
- 2023Deep Imbalanced Regression via Hierarchical Classification Adjustmentcited by 9
- 2023Distill Gold from Massive Ores: Bi-level Data Pruning towards Efficient Dataset Distillationcited by 8
- 2023GeNIe: Generative Hard Negative Images Through Diffusioncited by 8
13 more
- 2024VLM-KD: Knowledge Distillation from VLM for Long-Tail Visual Recognitioncited by 7
- 2025A Square Peg in a Square Hole: Meta-Expert for Long-Tailed Semi-Supervised Learningcited by 7
- 2023SUG: Single-dataset Unified Generalization for 3D Point Cloud Classificationcited by 6
- 2024LTRL: Boosting Long-tail Recognition via Reflective Learningcited by 6
- 2024Accurately Predicting Probabilities of Safety-Critical Rare Events for Intelligent Systemscited by 3
- 2025Generative Data Mining with Longtail-Guided Diffusioncited by 3
- 2024Graph Cuts with Arbitrary Size Constraints Through Optimal Transportcited by 1
- 2024Gradient-Aware Logit Adjustment Loss for Long-tailed Classifiercited by 1
- 2024IMWA: Iterative Model Weight Averaging Benefits Class-Imbalanced Learning Taskscited by 1
- 2024From Uncertainty to Clarity: Uncertainty-Guided Class-Incremental Learning for Limited Biomedical Samples via Semantic Expansioncited by 1
- 2023Class Instance Balanced Learning for Long-Tailed Classificationcited by 0
- 2024Training Over a Distribution of Hyperparameters for Enhanced Performance and Adaptability on Imbalanced Classificationcited by 0
- 2026Vision Transformers versus convolutional neural networks for fine-grained orchid genus identification in a species-rich, data-poor flora: a controlled benchmark on the Orchidaceae of New Guineacited by 0
- 2026Vision Transformers versus convolutional neural networks for fine-grained orchid genus identification in a species-rich, data-poor flora: a controlled benchmark on the Orchidaceae of New Guinea21 Sep 2026
- 2025A Square Peg in a Square Hole: Meta-Expert for Long-Tailed Semi-Supervised Learning22 May 2025
- 2025A Comprehensive Survey on Imbalanced Data Learning13 Feb 2025
- 2025Generative Data Mining with Longtail-Guided Diffusion4 Feb 2025
- 2024Training Over a Distribution of Hyperparameters for Enhanced Performance and Adaptability on Imbalanced Classification4 Oct 2024
- 2024From Uncertainty to Clarity: Uncertainty-Guided Class-Incremental Learning for Limited Biomedical Samples via Semantic Expansion12 Sep 2024
- 2024VLM-KD: Knowledge Distillation from VLM for Long-Tail Visual Recognition29 Aug 2024
- 2024A Systematic Review on Long-Tailed Learning1 Aug 2024
- 2024LTRL: Boosting Long-tail Recognition via Reflective Learning17 Jul 2024
- 2024IMWA: Iterative Model Weight Averaging Benefits Class-Imbalanced Learning Tasks25 Apr 2024
- 2024Accurately Predicting Probabilities of Safety-Critical Rare Events for Intelligent Systems20 Mar 2024
- 2024Gradient-Aware Logit Adjustment Loss for Long-tailed Classifier14 Mar 2024
13 more
- 2024Graph Cuts with Arbitrary Size Constraints Through Optimal Transport7 Feb 2024
- 2023GeNIe: Generative Hard Negative Images Through Diffusion5 Dec 2023
- 2023Symbol-LLM: Leverage Language Models for Symbolic System in Visual Human Activity Reasoning29 Nov 2023
- 2023Deep Imbalanced Regression via Hierarchical Classification Adjustment26 Oct 2023
- 2023MDCS: More Diverse Experts with Consistency Self-distillation for Long-tailed Recognition19 Aug 2023
- 2023Class-level Structural Relation Modelling and Smoothing for Visual Representation Learning8 Aug 2023
- 2023Class Instance Balanced Learning for Long-Tailed Classification11 Jul 2023
- 2023Distill Gold from Massive Ores: Bi-level Data Pruning towards Efficient Dataset Distillation28 May 2023
- 2023SUG: Single-dataset Unified Generalization for 3D Point Cloud Classification16 May 2023
- 2022Beyond Object Recognition: A New Benchmark towards Object Concept Learning6 Dec 2022
- 2022Learning Imbalanced Data with Vision Transformers5 Dec 2022
- 2022LPT: Long-tailed Prompt Tuning for Image Classification3 Oct 2022
- 2022Meta-Causal Feature Learning for Out-of-Distribution Generalization22 Aug 2022
- 2023GeNIe: Generative Hard Negative Images Through Diffusioncited by 8
- 2025Generative Data Mining with Longtail-Guided Diffusioncited by 3
- 2025Generative Data Mining with Longtail-Guided Diffusion4 Feb 2025
- 2023GeNIe: Generative Hard Negative Images Through Diffusion5 Dec 2023
- 2022LPT: Long-tailed Prompt Tuning for Image Classificationcited by 69
- 2022Learning Imbalanced Data with Vision Transformerscited by 34
- 2024A Systematic Review on Long-Tailed Learningcited by 27
- 2023MDCS: More Diverse Experts with Consistency Self-distillation for Long-tailed Recognitioncited by 19
- 2022Meta-Causal Feature Learning for Out-of-Distribution Generalizationcited by 14
- 2022Beyond Object Recognition: A New Benchmark towards Object Concept Learningcited by 11
- 2025A Comprehensive Survey on Imbalanced Data Learningcited by 10
- 2023Class-level Structural Relation Modelling and Smoothing for Visual Representation Learningcited by 9
- 2023Deep Imbalanced Regression via Hierarchical Classification Adjustmentcited by 9
- 2023Distill Gold from Massive Ores: Bi-level Data Pruning towards Efficient Dataset Distillationcited by 8
- 2024VLM-KD: Knowledge Distillation from VLM for Long-Tail Visual Recognitioncited by 7
- 2025A Square Peg in a Square Hole: Meta-Expert for Long-Tailed Semi-Supervised Learningcited by 7
12 most cited of 22 All 22 (JSON)
- 2026Vision Transformers versus convolutional neural networks for fine-grained orchid genus identification in a species-rich, data-poor flora: a controlled benchmark on the Orchidaceae of New Guinea21 Sep 2026
- 2025A Square Peg in a Square Hole: Meta-Expert for Long-Tailed Semi-Supervised Learning22 May 2025
- 2025A Comprehensive Survey on Imbalanced Data Learning13 Feb 2025
- 2024Training Over a Distribution of Hyperparameters for Enhanced Performance and Adaptability on Imbalanced Classification4 Oct 2024
- 2024From Uncertainty to Clarity: Uncertainty-Guided Class-Incremental Learning for Limited Biomedical Samples via Semantic Expansion12 Sep 2024
- 2024VLM-KD: Knowledge Distillation from VLM for Long-Tail Visual Recognition29 Aug 2024
- 2024A Systematic Review on Long-Tailed Learning1 Aug 2024
- 2024LTRL: Boosting Long-tail Recognition via Reflective Learning17 Jul 2024
- 2024IMWA: Iterative Model Weight Averaging Benefits Class-Imbalanced Learning Tasks25 Apr 2024
- 2024Accurately Predicting Probabilities of Safety-Critical Rare Events for Intelligent Systems20 Mar 2024
- 2024Gradient-Aware Logit Adjustment Loss for Long-tailed Classifier14 Mar 2024
- 2024Graph Cuts with Arbitrary Size Constraints Through Optimal Transport7 Feb 2024
12 newest of 22 All 22 (JSON)