Few-Shot Unlearning by Model Inversion
On the map: LLM safety and security → Machine unlearning
Abstract (arXiv)
We consider a practical scenario of machine unlearning to erase a target dataset, which causes unexpected behavior from the trained model. The target dataset is often assumed to be fully identifiable in a standard unlearning scenario. Such a flawless identification, however, is almost impossible if the training dataset is inaccessible at the time of unlearning. Unlike previous approaches requiring a complete set of targets, we consider few-shot unlearning scenario when only a few samples of target data are available. To this end, we formulate the few-shot unlearning problem specifying intentions behind the unlearning request (e.g., purely unlearning, mislabel correction, privacy protection), and we devise a straightforward framework that (i) retrieves a proxy of the training data via model inversion fully exploiting information available in the context of unlearning; (ii) adjusts the proxy according to the unlearning intention; and (iii) updates the model with the adjusted proxy. We demonstrate that our method using only a subset of target data can outperform the state-of-the-art unlearning methods even with a complete indication of target data.
Key facts. Cited by 19 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Placed in Machine unlearning, one of 12 directions in LLM safety and security. Builds on 27 of its 44 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 31 May 2022.
Builds on
27 of 44 references.
Closest ancestors · 4
Same direction, newest first
- 2022Can Bad Teaching Induce Forgetting? Unlearning in Deep Networks using an Incompetent Teacher17 May
- 2022Zero-Shot Machine Unlearning14 Jan
- 2021Fast Yet Effective Machine Unlearning17 Nov
- 2021Adaptive Machine Unlearning8 Jun
Other references · 23
- 2015Deep Residual Learning for Image Recognitioncited by 52,096
- 2016Membership Inference Attacks against Machine Learning Modelscited by 2,281
- 2014Conditional Generative Adversarial Netscited by 2,162
- 2015Unsupervised Representation Learning with Deep Convolutional Generative Adversarial Networkscited by 2,054
- 2016Identity Mappings in Deep Residual Networkscited by 1,965
- 2017Deep Image Priorcited by 1,098
- 2019Machine Unlearningcited by 1,061
- 2019Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Net: Selective Forgetting in Deep Networkscited by 618
- 2019Certified Data Removal from Machine Learning Modelscited by 535
- 2019Making AI Forget You: Data Deletion in Machine Learningcited by 465
- 2019Dreaming to Distill: Data-free Knowledge Transfer via DeepInversioncited by 423
- 2020Amnesiac Machine Learningcited by 319
11 more
- 2019Data-Free Learning of Student Networkscited by 204
- 2020Forgetting Outside the Box: Scrubbing Deep Networks of Information Accessible from Input-Output Observationscited by 180
- 2020Mixed-Privacy Forgetting in Deep Networkscited by 163
- 2020Variational Bayesian Unlearningcited by 117
- 2021Gradient Inversion with Generative Image Priorcited by 101
- 2020Machine Unlearning: Linear Filtration for Logit-based Classifierscited by 95
- 2020Data-Free Network Quantization With Adversarial Knowledge Distillationcited by 80
- 2019Adversarial Neural Network Inversion via Auxiliary Knowledge Alignmentcited by 32
- 2020Large-Scale Generative Data-Free Distillationcited by 29
- 2021Dual Discriminator Adversarial Distillation for Data-free Model Compressioncited by 9
- 2021Bayesian Inference Forgettingcited by 7
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2022: 1; 2023: 7; 2024: 7; 2025: 0; 2026: 4.
19 papers.
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- 2022A Survey of Machine Unlearningcited by 312
- 2023Learning to Unlearn: Instance-wise Unlearning for Pre-trained Classifierscited by 67
- 2023Exploring the Landscape of Machine Unlearning: A Comprehensive Survey and Taxonomycited by 51
- 2023Deep Unlearning: Fast and Efficient Gradient-free Approach to Class Forgettingcited by 22
- 2023Feature Unlearning for Pre-trained GANs and VAEscited by 16
- 2024A Survey on Machine Unlearning: Techniques and New Emerged Privacy Riskscited by 15
- 2023DUCK: Distance-based Unlearning via Centroid Kinematicscited by 13
- 2024Unlearning or Concealment? A Critical Analysis and Evaluation Metrics for Unlearning in Diffusion Modelscited by 13
- 2024Decoupling the Class Label and the Target Concept in Machine Unlearningcited by 12
- 2023Generative Adversarial Networks Unlearningcited by 11
- 2024Efficient Backdoor Defense in Multimodal Contrastive Learning: A Token-Level Unlearning Method for Mitigating Threatscited by 6
- 2024Towards Privacy-Guaranteed Label Unlearning in Vertical Federated Learning: Few-Shot Forgetting without Disclosurecited by 5
7 more
- 2024Machine Unlearning on Pre-trained Models by Residual Feature Alignment Using LoRAcited by 3
- 2024Learning to Forget using Hypernetworkscited by 3
- 2023Neural Dehydration: Effective Erasure of Black-box Watermarks from DNNs with Limited Datacited by 2
- 2026Multilingual Unlearning in LLMs: Transfer, Dynamics, and Reversibilitycited by 2
- 2026Stake the Points: Structure-Faithful Instance Unlearningcited by 0
- 2026Machine Unlearning for Class Removal through SISA-based Deep Neural Network Architecturescited by 0
- 2026UnAct: Gradient-Free Unlearning via Targeted Activation Interventioncited by 0
- 2026UnAct: Gradient-Free Unlearning via Targeted Activation Intervention3 Oct 2026
- 2026Multilingual Unlearning in LLMs: Transfer, Dynamics, and Reversibility2 Jun 2026
- 2026Machine Unlearning for Class Removal through SISA-based Deep Neural Network Architectures30 Apr 2026
- 2026Stake the Points: Structure-Faithful Instance Unlearning13 Mar 2026
- 2024Learning to Forget using Hypernetworks1 Dec 2024
- 2024Machine Unlearning on Pre-trained Models by Residual Feature Alignment Using LoRA13 Nov 2024
- 2024Towards Privacy-Guaranteed Label Unlearning in Vertical Federated Learning: Few-Shot Forgetting without Disclosure14 Oct 2024
- 2024Efficient Backdoor Defense in Multimodal Contrastive Learning: A Token-Level Unlearning Method for Mitigating Threats29 Sep 2024
- 2024Unlearning or Concealment? A Critical Analysis and Evaluation Metrics for Unlearning in Diffusion Models9 Sep 2024
- 2024Decoupling the Class Label and the Target Concept in Machine Unlearning12 Jun 2024
- 2024A Survey on Machine Unlearning: Techniques and New Emerged Privacy Risks10 Jun 2024
- 2023DUCK: Distance-based Unlearning via Centroid Kinematics4 Dec 2023
7 more
- 2023Deep Unlearning: Fast and Efficient Gradient-free Approach to Class Forgetting1 Dec 2023
- 2023Neural Dehydration: Effective Erasure of Black-box Watermarks from DNNs with Limited Data7 Sep 2023
- 2023Generative Adversarial Networks Unlearning19 Aug 2023
- 2023Exploring the Landscape of Machine Unlearning: A Comprehensive Survey and Taxonomy10 May 2023
- 2023Feature Unlearning for Pre-trained GANs and VAEs10 Mar 2023
- 2023Learning to Unlearn: Instance-wise Unlearning for Pre-trained Classifiers27 Jan 2023
- 2022A Survey of Machine Unlearning6 Sep 2022
- 2022A Survey of Machine Unlearningcited by 312
- 2023Learning to Unlearn: Instance-wise Unlearning for Pre-trained Classifierscited by 67
- 2023Exploring the Landscape of Machine Unlearning: A Comprehensive Survey and Taxonomycited by 51
- 2023Deep Unlearning: Fast and Efficient Gradient-free Approach to Class Forgettingcited by 22
- 2023Feature Unlearning for Pre-trained GANs and VAEscited by 16
- 2024A Survey on Machine Unlearning: Techniques and New Emerged Privacy Riskscited by 15
- 2023DUCK: Distance-based Unlearning via Centroid Kinematicscited by 13
- 2024Decoupling the Class Label and the Target Concept in Machine Unlearningcited by 12
- 2023Generative Adversarial Networks Unlearningcited by 11
- 2024Efficient Backdoor Defense in Multimodal Contrastive Learning: A Token-Level Unlearning Method for Mitigating Threatscited by 6
- 2024Towards Privacy-Guaranteed Label Unlearning in Vertical Federated Learning: Few-Shot Forgetting without Disclosurecited by 5
- 2024Machine Unlearning on Pre-trained Models by Residual Feature Alignment Using LoRAcited by 3
12 most cited of 17 All 17 (JSON)
- 2026UnAct: Gradient-Free Unlearning via Targeted Activation Intervention3 Oct 2026
- 2026Multilingual Unlearning in LLMs: Transfer, Dynamics, and Reversibility2 Jun 2026
- 2026Machine Unlearning for Class Removal through SISA-based Deep Neural Network Architectures30 Apr 2026
- 2026Stake the Points: Structure-Faithful Instance Unlearning13 Mar 2026
- 2024Learning to Forget using Hypernetworks1 Dec 2024
- 2024Machine Unlearning on Pre-trained Models by Residual Feature Alignment Using LoRA13 Nov 2024
- 2024Towards Privacy-Guaranteed Label Unlearning in Vertical Federated Learning: Few-Shot Forgetting without Disclosure14 Oct 2024
- 2024Efficient Backdoor Defense in Multimodal Contrastive Learning: A Token-Level Unlearning Method for Mitigating Threats29 Sep 2024
- 2024Decoupling the Class Label and the Target Concept in Machine Unlearning12 Jun 2024
- 2024A Survey on Machine Unlearning: Techniques and New Emerged Privacy Risks10 Jun 2024
- 2023DUCK: Distance-based Unlearning via Centroid Kinematics4 Dec 2023
- 2023Deep Unlearning: Fast and Efficient Gradient-free Approach to Class Forgetting1 Dec 2023
12 newest of 17 All 17 (JSON)
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- 2024Learn What You Want to Unlearn: Unlearning Inversion Attacks against Machine Unlearning
- 2024An Information Theoretic Approach to Machine Unlearning
- 2024Machine Unlearning with Minimal Gradient Dependence for High Unlearning Ratios
- 2025Towards Source-Free Machine Unlearning
- 2025Mirror Mirror on the Wall, Have I Forgotten it All? A New Framework for Evaluating Machine Unlearning
- 2023Towards Unbounded Machine Unlearning
- 2026Forgetting Similar Samples: Can Machine Unlearning Do it Better?
- 2024Challenging Forgets: Unveiling the Worst-Case Forget Sets in Machine Unlearning