mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

Towards Source-Free Machine Unlearning

arXiv 2508.15127 ↗First posted 20 Aug 2025cs.LGcited by 6

On the map: LLM safety and security → Machine unlearning

Abstract (arXiv)

As machine learning becomes more pervasive and data privacy regulations evolve, the ability to remove private or copyrighted information from trained models is becoming an increasingly critical requirement. Existing unlearning methods often rely on the assumption of having access to the entire training dataset during the forgetting process. However, this assumption may not hold true in practical scenarios where the original training data may not be accessible, i.e., the source-free setting. To address this challenge, we focus on the source-free unlearning scenario, where an unlearning algorithm must be capable of removing specific data from a trained model without requiring access to the original training dataset. Building on recent work, we present a method that can estimate the Hessian of the unknown remaining training data, a crucial component required for efficient unlearning. Leveraging this estimation technique, our method enables efficient zero-shot unlearning while providing robust theoretical guarantees on the unlearning performance, while maintaining performance on the remaining data. Extensive experiments over a wide range of datasets verify the efficacy of our method.

Key facts. Cited by 6 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Placed in Machine unlearning, one of 12 directions in LLM safety and security. Builds on 20 of its 31 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 20 Aug 2025.

Builds on

20 of 31 references.

Closest ancestors · 8

Same direction, newest first

  1. 2023Fast Model Debias with Machine Unlearning19 Oct
  2. 2023Large Language Model Unlearning14 Oct
  3. 2023SAFE: Machine Unlearning With Shard Graphs25 Apr
  4. 2023Towards Unbounded Machine Unlearning20 Feb
  5. 2023Learning to Unlearn: Instance-wise Unlearning for Pre-trained Classifiers27 Jan
  6. 2022Zero-Shot Machine Unlearning14 Jan
  7. 2021Fast Yet Effective Machine Unlearning17 Nov
  8. 2021Machine Unlearning of Features and Labels26 Aug

Other references · 12

  1. 2015Deep Residual Learning for Image Recognitioncited by 52,096
  2. 2018Neural Tangent Kernel: Convergence and Generalization in Neural Networkscited by 2,621
  3. 2019Machine Unlearningcited by 1,061
  4. 2019Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Net: Selective Forgetting in Deep Networkscited by 618
  5. 2023Erasing Concepts from Diffusion Modelscited by 539
  6. 2019Certified Data Removal from Machine Learning Modelscited by 535
  7. 2020Descent-to-Delete: Gradient-Based Methods for Machine Unlearningcited by 311
  8. 2020ADAHESSIAN: An Adaptive Second Order Optimizer for Machine Learningcited by 202
  9. 2020Mixed-Privacy Forgetting in Deep Networkscited by 163
  10. 2019Enhanced Convolutional Neural Tangent Kernelscited by 76
  11. 2022PUMA: Performance Unchanged Model Augmentation for Training Data Removalcited by 58
  12. 2024Machine Unlearning for Image-to-Image Generative Modelscited by 47

Built on by

Cited by year (2026 to 14 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2026: 6.

6 papers.

Similar, not cited

Close in wording, no citation either way

  1. 2024An Information Theoretic Approach to Machine Unlearning
  2. 2023Learn to Unlearn: A Survey on Machine Unlearning
  3. 2024The Utility and Complexity of in- and out-of-Distribution Machine Unlearning
  4. 2025Efficient Machine Unlearning by Model Splitting and Core Sample Selection
  5. 2024Hessian-Free Online Certified Unlearning
  6. 2024Remaining-data-free Machine Unlearning by Suppressing Sample Contribution
  7. 2026Mitigating Privacy Risk via Forget Set-Free Unlearning
  8. 2024Gone but Not Forgotten: Improved Benchmarks for Machine Unlearning