Proto2Proto: Can you recognize the car, the way I do?
Not on the map. Why?
Abstract (arXiv)
Prototypical methods have recently gained a lot of attention due to their intrinsic interpretable nature, which is obtained through the prototypes. With growing use cases of model reuse and distillation, there is a need to also study transfer of interpretability from one model to another. We present Proto2Proto, a novel method to transfer interpretability of one prototypical part network to another via knowledge distillation. Our approach aims to add interpretability to the "dark" knowledge transferred from the teacher to the shallower student model. We propose two novel losses: "Global Explanation" loss and "Patch-Prototype Correspondence" loss to facilitate such a transfer. Global Explanation loss forces the student prototypes to be close to teacher prototypes, and Patch-Prototype Correspondence loss enforces the local representations of the student to be similar to that of the teacher. Further, we propose three novel metrics to evaluate the student's proximity to the teacher as measures of interpretability transfer in our settings. We qualitatively and quantitatively demonstrate the effectiveness of our method on CUB-200-2011 and Stanford Cars datasets. Our experiments show that the proposed method indeed achieves interpretability transfer from teacher to student while simultaneously exhibiting competitive performance.
Key facts. Cited by 23 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 38 of its 53 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 25 Apr 2022.
Builds on
38 of 53 references.
References · 38
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26 more
- 2019Relational Knowledge Distillationcited by 889
- 2019Contrastive Representation Distillationcited by 748
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- 2019Similarity-Preserving Knowledge Distillationcited by 516
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Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2022: 1; 2023: 10; 2024: 4; 2025: 7; 2026: 1.
23 papers.
Sort:
- 2022ProtoPFormer: Concentrating on Prototypical Parts in Vision Transformers for Interpretable Image Recognitioncited by 63
- 2023Learning Support and Trivial Prototypes for Interpretable Image Classificationcited by 38
- 2023ProtoSeg: Interpretable Semantic Segmentation with Prototypical Partscited by 33
- 2023ICICLE: Interpretable Class Incremental Continual Learningcited by 24
- 2024Prototypical Hash Encoding for On-the-Fly Fine-Grained Category Discoverycited by 21
- 2023Pixel-Grounded Prototypical Part Networkscited by 18
- 2025A Comprehensive Survey on Self-Interpretable Neural Networkscited by 18
- 2024LucidPPN: Unambiguous Prototypical Parts Network for User-centric Interpretable Computer Visioncited by 15
- 2025Explain Yourself, Briefly! Self-Explaining Neural Networks with Concise Sufficient Reasonscited by 12
- 2023Mixture of Gaussian-distributed Prototypes with Generative Modelling for Interpretable and Trustworthy Image Recognitioncited by 11
- 2023Concept Distillation: Leveraging Human-Centered Explanations for Model Improvementcited by 10
- 2024A survey on Concept-based Approaches For Model Improvementcited by 8
11 more
- 2023Learning from Mistakes: Self-Regularizing Hierarchical Representations in Point Cloud Semantic Segmentationcited by 5
- 2025SIDE: Sparse Information Disentanglement for Explainable Artificial Intelligencecited by 4
- 2023PCNN: Probable-Class Nearest-Neighbor Explanations Improve Fine-Grained Image Classification Accuracy for AIs and Humanscited by 3
- 2024Language Model as Visual Explainercited by 3
- 2025This looks like what? Challenges and Future Research Directions for Part-Prototype Modelscited by 3
- 2025ProtoSolo: Interpretable Image Classification via Single-Prototype Activationcited by 1
- 2025CIP-Net: Continual Interpretable Prototype-based Networkcited by 1
- 2023UIPC-MF: User-Item Prototype Connection Matrix Factorization for Explainable Collaborative Filteringcited by 0
- 2023FeaInfNet: Diagnosis in Medical Image with Feature-Driven Inference and Visual Explanationscited by 0
- 2025Prototype Guided Backdoor Defensecited by 0
- 2026All Vehicles Can Lie: Efficient Adversarial Defense in Fully Untrusted-Vehicle Collaborative Perception via Pseudo-Random Bayesian Inferencecited by 0
- 2026All Vehicles Can Lie: Efficient Adversarial Defense in Fully Untrusted-Vehicle Collaborative Perception via Pseudo-Random Bayesian Inference9 Mar 2026
- 2025CIP-Net: Continual Interpretable Prototype-based Network8 Dec 2025
- 2025SIDE: Sparse Information Disentanglement for Explainable Artificial Intelligence25 Jul 2025
- 2025ProtoSolo: Interpretable Image Classification via Single-Prototype Activation24 Jun 2025
- 2025Prototype Guided Backdoor Defense26 Mar 2025
- 2025This looks like what? Challenges and Future Research Directions for Part-Prototype Models13 Feb 2025
- 2025Explain Yourself, Briefly! Self-Explaining Neural Networks with Concise Sufficient Reasons5 Feb 2025
- 2025A Comprehensive Survey on Self-Interpretable Neural Networks26 Jan 2025
- 2024Language Model as Visual Explainer8 Dec 2024
- 2024Prototypical Hash Encoding for On-the-Fly Fine-Grained Category Discovery24 Oct 2024
- 2024LucidPPN: Unambiguous Prototypical Parts Network for User-centric Interpretable Computer Vision23 May 2024
- 2024A survey on Concept-based Approaches For Model Improvement21 Mar 2024
11 more
- 2023FeaInfNet: Diagnosis in Medical Image with Feature-Driven Inference and Visual Explanations4 Dec 2023
- 2023Mixture of Gaussian-distributed Prototypes with Generative Modelling for Interpretable and Trustworthy Image Recognition30 Nov 2023
- 2023Concept Distillation: Leveraging Human-Centered Explanations for Model Improvement26 Nov 2023
- 2023Pixel-Grounded Prototypical Part Networks25 Sep 2023
- 2023PCNN: Probable-Class Nearest-Neighbor Explanations Improve Fine-Grained Image Classification Accuracy for AIs and Humans25 Aug 2023
- 2023UIPC-MF: User-Item Prototype Connection Matrix Factorization for Explainable Collaborative Filtering14 Aug 2023
- 2023ICICLE: Interpretable Class Incremental Continual Learning14 Mar 2023
- 2023ProtoSeg: Interpretable Semantic Segmentation with Prototypical Parts28 Jan 2023
- 2023Learning from Mistakes: Self-Regularizing Hierarchical Representations in Point Cloud Semantic Segmentation26 Jan 2023
- 2023Learning Support and Trivial Prototypes for Interpretable Image Classification8 Jan 2023
- 2022ProtoPFormer: Concentrating on Prototypical Parts in Vision Transformers for Interpretable Image Recognition22 Aug 2022
- 2022ProtoPFormer: Concentrating on Prototypical Parts in Vision Transformers for Interpretable Image Recognitioncited by 63
- 2023Learning Support and Trivial Prototypes for Interpretable Image Classificationcited by 38
- 2023ProtoSeg: Interpretable Semantic Segmentation with Prototypical Partscited by 33
- 2023ICICLE: Interpretable Class Incremental Continual Learningcited by 24
- 2024Prototypical Hash Encoding for On-the-Fly Fine-Grained Category Discoverycited by 21
- 2023Pixel-Grounded Prototypical Part Networkscited by 18
- 2025A Comprehensive Survey on Self-Interpretable Neural Networkscited by 18
- 2024LucidPPN: Unambiguous Prototypical Parts Network for User-centric Interpretable Computer Visioncited by 15
- 2025Explain Yourself, Briefly! Self-Explaining Neural Networks with Concise Sufficient Reasonscited by 12
- 2023Mixture of Gaussian-distributed Prototypes with Generative Modelling for Interpretable and Trustworthy Image Recognitioncited by 11
- 2023Concept Distillation: Leveraging Human-Centered Explanations for Model Improvementcited by 10
- 2024A survey on Concept-based Approaches For Model Improvementcited by 8
12 most cited of 23 All 23 (JSON)
- 2026All Vehicles Can Lie: Efficient Adversarial Defense in Fully Untrusted-Vehicle Collaborative Perception via Pseudo-Random Bayesian Inference9 Mar 2026
- 2025CIP-Net: Continual Interpretable Prototype-based Network8 Dec 2025
- 2025SIDE: Sparse Information Disentanglement for Explainable Artificial Intelligence25 Jul 2025
- 2025ProtoSolo: Interpretable Image Classification via Single-Prototype Activation24 Jun 2025
- 2025Prototype Guided Backdoor Defense26 Mar 2025
- 2025This looks like what? Challenges and Future Research Directions for Part-Prototype Models13 Feb 2025
- 2025Explain Yourself, Briefly! Self-Explaining Neural Networks with Concise Sufficient Reasons5 Feb 2025
- 2025A Comprehensive Survey on Self-Interpretable Neural Networks26 Jan 2025
- 2024Language Model as Visual Explainer8 Dec 2024
- 2024Prototypical Hash Encoding for On-the-Fly Fine-Grained Category Discovery24 Oct 2024
- 2024LucidPPN: Unambiguous Prototypical Parts Network for User-centric Interpretable Computer Vision23 May 2024
- 2024A survey on Concept-based Approaches For Model Improvement21 Mar 2024
12 newest of 23 All 23 (JSON)
Similar, not cited
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- 2022Towards Human-Interpretable Prototypes for Visual Assessment of Image Classification Models
- 2025Model-to-Model Knowledge Transmission (M2KT): A Data-Free Framework for Cross-Model Understanding Transfer
- 2024Towards Unifying Interpretability and Control: Evaluation via Intervention
- 2023Learning Transferable Conceptual Prototypes for Interpretable Unsupervised Domain Adaptation
- 2026Transferring Visual Explanations: How Cross-Architecture Knowledge Distillation Affects Model Interpretability
- 2023On the Impact of Knowledge Distillation for Model Interpretability
- 2026Principal Prototype Analysis on Manifold for Interpretable Reinforcement Learning
- 2026Interpreting and Controlling Model Behavior via Constitutions for Atomic Concept Edits