Estimation of Fair Ranking Metrics with Incomplete Judgments
Not on the map. Why?
Abstract (arXiv)
There is increasing attention to evaluating the fairness of search system ranking decisions. These metrics often consider the membership of items to particular groups, often identified using protected attributes such as gender or ethnicity. To date, these metrics typically assume the availability and completeness of protected attribute labels of items. However, the protected attributes of individuals are rarely present, limiting the application of fair ranking metrics in large scale systems. In order to address this problem, we propose a sampling strategy and estimation technique for four fair ranking metrics. We formulate a robust and unbiased estimator which can operate even with very limited number of labeled items. We evaluate our approach using both simulated and real world data. Our experimental results demonstrate that our method can estimate this family of fair ranking metrics and provides a robust, reliable alternative to exhaustive or random data annotation.
Key facts. Cited by 14 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 16 of its 45 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 11 Aug 2021.
Builds on
16 of 45 references.
References · 16
- 2016Equality of Opportunity in Supervised Learningcited by 2,007
- 2018Fairness Without Demographics in Repeated Loss Minimizationcited by 364
- 2018Improving fairness in machine learning systems: What do industry practitioners need?cited by 262
- 2020Fairness without Demographics through Adversarially Reweighted Learningcited by 251
- 2018Fairness of Exposure in Rankingscited by 190
- 2019Fairness in Recommendation Ranking through Pairwise Comparisonscited by 127
- 2018Equity of Attention: Amortizing Individual Fairness in Rankingscited by 124
- 2017FA*IR: A Fair Top-k Ranking Algorithmcited by 113
- 2016Measuring Fairness in Ranked Outputscited by 81
- 2019Assessing Algorithmic Fairness with Unobserved Protected Class Using Data Combinationcited by 79
- 2017Ranking with Fairness Constraintscited by 78
- 2017Multisided Fairness for Recommendationcited by 70
4 more
- 2020Controlling Fairness and Bias in Dynamic Learning-to-Rankcited by 68
- 2020Evaluating Stochastic Rankings with Expected Exposurecited by 53
- 2018Exploring Author Gender in Book Rating and Recommendationcited by 29
- 2020Overview of the TREC 2019 Fair Ranking Trackcited by 4
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2021: 1; 2022: 7; 2023: 1; 2024: 3; 2025: 1; 2026: 1.
14 papers.
Sort:
By area:
- 2022Fairness in Recommender Systems: Research Landscape and Future Directionscited by 30
- 2022CPFair: Personalized Consumer and Producer Fairness Re-ranking for Recommender Systemscited by 29
- 2024Understanding Biases in ChatGPT-based Recommender Systems: Provider Fairness, Temporal Stability, and Recencycited by 28
- 2022Fair Ranking with Noisy Protected Attributescited by 17
- 2021Measuring Fairness Under Unawareness of Sensitive Attributes: A Quantification-Based Approachcited by 9
- 2022Re-thinking Knowledge Graph Completion Evaluation from an Information Retrieval Perspectivecited by 7
- 2022Simpson's Paradox in Recommender Fairness: Reconciling differences between per-user and aggregated evaluationscited by 5
- 2022FairRoad: Achieving Fairness for Recommender Systems with Optimized Antidote Datacited by 5
- 2022Probabilistic Permutation Graph Search: Black-Box Optimization for Fairness in Rankingcited by 4
- 2023The Role of Relevance in Fair Rankingcited by 3
- 2024A Personalized Framework for Consumer and Producer Group Fairness Optimization in Recommender Systemscited by 3
- 2024Hidden or Inferred: Fair Learning-To-Rank with Unknown Demographicscited by 2
- 2026Exposure-Based Reinforcement Learning to Rank21 Jul 2026
- 2025Statistically Testing Training Data for Unwanted Error Patterns using Rule-Oriented Regression24 Mar 2025
- 2024Hidden or Inferred: Fair Learning-To-Rank with Unknown Demographics24 Jul 2024
- 2024A Personalized Framework for Consumer and Producer Group Fairness Optimization in Recommender Systems1 Feb 2024
- 2024Understanding Biases in ChatGPT-based Recommender Systems: Provider Fairness, Temporal Stability, and Recency19 Jan 2024
- 2023The Role of Relevance in Fair Ranking9 May 2023
- 2022FairRoad: Achieving Fairness for Recommender Systems with Optimized Antidote Data13 Dec 2022
- 2022Fair Ranking with Noisy Protected Attributes30 Nov 2022
- 2022Simpson's Paradox in Recommender Fairness: Reconciling differences between per-user and aggregated evaluations14 Oct 2022
- 2022Fairness in Recommender Systems: Research Landscape and Future Directions23 May 2022
- 2022Re-thinking Knowledge Graph Completion Evaluation from an Information Retrieval Perspective9 May 2022
- 2022Probabilistic Permutation Graph Search: Black-Box Optimization for Fairness in Ranking28 Apr 2022
- 2026Exposure-Based Reinforcement Learning to Rankcited by 0
- 2026Exposure-Based Reinforcement Learning to Rank21 Jul 2026
- 2022Fairness in Recommender Systems: Research Landscape and Future Directionscited by 30
- 2022CPFair: Personalized Consumer and Producer Fairness Re-ranking for Recommender Systemscited by 29
- 2024Understanding Biases in ChatGPT-based Recommender Systems: Provider Fairness, Temporal Stability, and Recencycited by 28
- 2022Fair Ranking with Noisy Protected Attributescited by 17
- 2021Measuring Fairness Under Unawareness of Sensitive Attributes: A Quantification-Based Approachcited by 9
- 2022Re-thinking Knowledge Graph Completion Evaluation from an Information Retrieval Perspectivecited by 7
- 2022Simpson's Paradox in Recommender Fairness: Reconciling differences between per-user and aggregated evaluationscited by 5
- 2022FairRoad: Achieving Fairness for Recommender Systems with Optimized Antidote Datacited by 5
- 2022Probabilistic Permutation Graph Search: Black-Box Optimization for Fairness in Rankingcited by 4
- 2023The Role of Relevance in Fair Rankingcited by 3
- 2024A Personalized Framework for Consumer and Producer Group Fairness Optimization in Recommender Systemscited by 3
- 2024Hidden or Inferred: Fair Learning-To-Rank with Unknown Demographicscited by 2
12 most cited of 13 All 13 (JSON)
- 2025Statistically Testing Training Data for Unwanted Error Patterns using Rule-Oriented Regression24 Mar 2025
- 2024Hidden or Inferred: Fair Learning-To-Rank with Unknown Demographics24 Jul 2024
- 2024A Personalized Framework for Consumer and Producer Group Fairness Optimization in Recommender Systems1 Feb 2024
- 2024Understanding Biases in ChatGPT-based Recommender Systems: Provider Fairness, Temporal Stability, and Recency19 Jan 2024
- 2023The Role of Relevance in Fair Ranking9 May 2023
- 2022FairRoad: Achieving Fairness for Recommender Systems with Optimized Antidote Data13 Dec 2022
- 2022Fair Ranking with Noisy Protected Attributes30 Nov 2022
- 2022Simpson's Paradox in Recommender Fairness: Reconciling differences between per-user and aggregated evaluations14 Oct 2022
- 2022Fairness in Recommender Systems: Research Landscape and Future Directions23 May 2022
- 2022Re-thinking Knowledge Graph Completion Evaluation from an Information Retrieval Perspective9 May 2022
- 2022Probabilistic Permutation Graph Search: Black-Box Optimization for Fairness in Ranking28 Apr 2022
- 2022CPFair: Personalized Consumer and Producer Fairness Re-ranking for Recommender Systems17 Apr 2022
12 newest of 13 All 13 (JSON)