Self-supervised object detection from audio-visual correspondence
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Abstract (arXiv)
We tackle the problem of learning object detectors without supervision. Differently from weakly-supervised object detection, we do not assume image-level class labels. Instead, we extract a supervisory signal from audio-visual data, using the audio component to "teach" the object detector. While this problem is related to sound source localisation, it is considerably harder because the detector must classify the objects by type, enumerate each instance of the object, and do so even when the object is silent. We tackle this problem by first designing a self-supervised framework with a contrastive objective that jointly learns to classify and localise objects. Then, without using any supervision, we simply use these self-supervised labels and boxes to train an image-based object detector. With this, we outperform previous unsupervised and weakly-supervised detectors for the task of object detection and sound source localization. We also show that we can align this detector to ground-truth classes with as little as one label per pseudo-class, and show how our method can learn to detect generic objects that go beyond instruments, such as airplanes and cats.
Key facts. Cited by 29 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 77 of its 104 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 13 Apr 2021.
Builds on
77 of 104 references.
References · 77
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38 more
- 2019Contrastive Multiview Codingcited by 1,297
- 2018Deep Clustering for Unsupervised Learning of Visual Featurescited by 1,020
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50 most cited of 77 All 77 (JSON)
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Citing papers per year: 2021: 3; 2022: 10; 2023: 7; 2024: 7; 2025: 2.
29 papers.
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- 2021Localizing Objects with Self-Supervised Transformers and no Labelscited by 227
- 2023Self-Supervised Video Forensics by Audio-Visual Anomaly Detectioncited by 84
- 2023Self-Supervised Multimodal Learning: A Surveycited by 58
- 2024POP-3D: Open-Vocabulary 3D Occupancy Prediction from Imagescited by 52
- 2022ECLIPSE: Efficient Long-range Video Retrieval using Sight and Soundcited by 39
- 2021Object-aware Contrastive Learning for Debiased Scene Representationcited by 34
- 2022Audio-visual Generalised Zero-shot Learning with Cross-modal Attention and Languagecited by 27
- 2022Drive&Segment: Unsupervised Semantic Segmentation of Urban Scenes via Cross-modal Distillationcited by 19
- 2022Temporal and cross-modal attention for audio-visual zero-shot learningcited by 19
- 2023Sound Localization from Motion: Jointly Learning Sound Direction and Camera Rotationcited by 18
- 2023Real-Time Idling Vehicles Detection using Combined Audio-Visual Deep Learningcited by 17
- 2023Unsupervised Object Localization in the Era of Self-Supervised ViTs: A Surveycited by 16
17 more
- 2024Joint Audio-Visual Idling Vehicle Detection with Streamlined Input Dependenciescited by 14
- 2024Learning to Rematch Mismatched Pairs for Robust Cross-Modal Retrievalcited by 11
- 2021Multi-Modal Perception Attention Network with Self-Supervised Learning for Audio-Visual Speaker Trackingcited by 9
- 2022Self-Supervised Moving Vehicle Detection from Audio-Visual Cuescited by 8
- 2025VGGSounder: Audio-Visual Evaluations for Foundation Modelscited by 8
- 2025SpeechForensics: Audio-Visual Speech Representation Learning for Face Forgery Detectioncited by 6
- 2023Separating Invisible Sounds Toward Universal Audiovisual Scene-Aware Sound Separationcited by 4
- 2024Efficient Multiscale Multimodal Bottleneck Transformer for Audio-Video Classificationcited by 4
- 2024Passive Deepfake Detection Across Multi-modalities: A Comprehensive Surveycited by 4
- 2022Look, Radiate, and Learn: Self-Supervised Localisation via Radio-Visual Correspondencecited by 3
- 2024A Survey of Recent Advances and Challenges in Deep Audio-Visual Correlation Learningcited by 2
- 2022Saliency Can Be All You Need In Contrastive Self-Supervised Learningcited by 1
- 2022Egocentric Audio-Visual Noise Suppressioncited by 1
- 2023Text-to-feature diffusion for audio-visual few-shot learningcited by 1
- 2022Recent Advances and Challenges in Deep Audio-Visual Correlation Learningcited by 0
- 2022Learning Music-Dance Representations through Explicit-Implicit Rhythm Synchronizationcited by 0
- 2024A Unified Optimal Transport Framework for Cross-Modal Retrieval with Noisy Labelscited by 0
- 2025SpeechForensics: Audio-Visual Speech Representation Learning for Face Forgery Detection13 Aug 2025
- 2025VGGSounder: Audio-Visual Evaluations for Foundation Models11 Aug 2025
- 2024Passive Deepfake Detection Across Multi-modalities: A Comprehensive Survey26 Nov 2024
- 2024A Survey of Recent Advances and Challenges in Deep Audio-Visual Correlation Learning24 Nov 2024
- 2024Joint Audio-Visual Idling Vehicle Detection with Streamlined Input Dependencies28 Oct 2024
- 2024A Unified Optimal Transport Framework for Cross-Modal Retrieval with Noisy Labels20 Mar 2024
- 2024Learning to Rematch Mismatched Pairs for Robust Cross-Modal Retrieval8 Mar 2024
- 2024POP-3D: Open-Vocabulary 3D Occupancy Prediction from Images17 Jan 2024
- 2024Efficient Multiscale Multimodal Bottleneck Transformer for Audio-Video Classification8 Jan 2024
- 2023Unsupervised Object Localization in the Era of Self-Supervised ViTs: A Survey19 Oct 2023
- 2023Separating Invisible Sounds Toward Universal Audiovisual Scene-Aware Sound Separation18 Oct 2023
- 2023Text-to-feature diffusion for audio-visual few-shot learning7 Sep 2023
17 more
- 2023Real-Time Idling Vehicles Detection using Combined Audio-Visual Deep Learning23 May 2023
- 2023Self-Supervised Multimodal Learning: A Survey31 Mar 2023
- 2023Sound Localization from Motion: Jointly Learning Sound Direction and Camera Rotation20 Mar 2023
- 2023Self-Supervised Video Forensics by Audio-Visual Anomaly Detection4 Jan 2023
- 2022Egocentric Audio-Visual Noise Suppression7 Nov 2022
- 2022Saliency Can Be All You Need In Contrastive Self-Supervised Learning30 Oct 2022
- 2022Temporal and cross-modal attention for audio-visual zero-shot learning20 Jul 2022
- 2022Learning Music-Dance Representations through Explicit-Implicit Rhythm Synchronization7 Jul 2022
- 2022Look, Radiate, and Learn: Self-Supervised Localisation via Radio-Visual Correspondence13 Jun 2022
- 2022ECLIPSE: Efficient Long-range Video Retrieval using Sight and Sound6 Apr 2022
- 2022Drive&Segment: Unsupervised Semantic Segmentation of Urban Scenes via Cross-modal Distillation21 Mar 2022
- 2022Audio-visual Generalised Zero-shot Learning with Cross-modal Attention and Language7 Mar 2022
- 2022Recent Advances and Challenges in Deep Audio-Visual Correlation Learning28 Feb 2022
- 2022Self-Supervised Moving Vehicle Detection from Audio-Visual Cues30 Jan 2022
- 2021Multi-Modal Perception Attention Network with Self-Supervised Learning for Audio-Visual Speaker Tracking14 Dec 2021
- 2021Localizing Objects with Self-Supervised Transformers and no Labels29 Sep 2021
- 2021Object-aware Contrastive Learning for Debiased Scene Representation30 Jul 2021
- 2021Localizing Objects with Self-Supervised Transformers and no Labelscited by 227
- 2023Self-Supervised Video Forensics by Audio-Visual Anomaly Detectioncited by 84
- 2023Self-Supervised Multimodal Learning: A Surveycited by 58
- 2024POP-3D: Open-Vocabulary 3D Occupancy Prediction from Imagescited by 52
- 2022ECLIPSE: Efficient Long-range Video Retrieval using Sight and Soundcited by 39
- 2021Object-aware Contrastive Learning for Debiased Scene Representationcited by 34
- 2022Audio-visual Generalised Zero-shot Learning with Cross-modal Attention and Languagecited by 27
- 2022Drive&Segment: Unsupervised Semantic Segmentation of Urban Scenes via Cross-modal Distillationcited by 19
- 2022Temporal and cross-modal attention for audio-visual zero-shot learningcited by 19
- 2023Sound Localization from Motion: Jointly Learning Sound Direction and Camera Rotationcited by 18
- 2023Real-Time Idling Vehicles Detection using Combined Audio-Visual Deep Learningcited by 17
- 2023Unsupervised Object Localization in the Era of Self-Supervised ViTs: A Surveycited by 16
12 most cited of 29 All 29 (JSON)
- 2025SpeechForensics: Audio-Visual Speech Representation Learning for Face Forgery Detection13 Aug 2025
- 2025VGGSounder: Audio-Visual Evaluations for Foundation Models11 Aug 2025
- 2024Passive Deepfake Detection Across Multi-modalities: A Comprehensive Survey26 Nov 2024
- 2024A Survey of Recent Advances and Challenges in Deep Audio-Visual Correlation Learning24 Nov 2024
- 2024Joint Audio-Visual Idling Vehicle Detection with Streamlined Input Dependencies28 Oct 2024
- 2024A Unified Optimal Transport Framework for Cross-Modal Retrieval with Noisy Labels20 Mar 2024
- 2024Learning to Rematch Mismatched Pairs for Robust Cross-Modal Retrieval8 Mar 2024
- 2024POP-3D: Open-Vocabulary 3D Occupancy Prediction from Images17 Jan 2024
- 2024Efficient Multiscale Multimodal Bottleneck Transformer for Audio-Video Classification8 Jan 2024
- 2023Unsupervised Object Localization in the Era of Self-Supervised ViTs: A Survey19 Oct 2023
- 2023Separating Invisible Sounds Toward Universal Audiovisual Scene-Aware Sound Separation18 Oct 2023
- 2023Text-to-feature diffusion for audio-visual few-shot learning7 Sep 2023
12 newest of 29 All 29 (JSON)