CARRADA Dataset: Camera and Automotive Radar with Range-Angle-Doppler Annotations
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Abstract (arXiv)
High quality perception is essential for autonomous driving (AD) systems. To reach the accuracy and robustness that are required by such systems, several types of sensors must be combined. Currently, mostly cameras and laser scanners (lidar) are deployed to build a representation of the world around the vehicle. While radar sensors have been used for a long time in the automotive industry, they are still under-used for AD despite their appealing characteristics (notably, their ability to measure the relative speed of obstacles and to operate even in adverse weather conditions). To a large extent, this situation is due to the relative lack of automotive datasets with real radar signals that are both raw and annotated. In this work, we introduce CARRADA, a dataset of synchronized camera and radar recordings with range-angle-Doppler annotations. We also present a semi-automatic annotation approach, which was used to annotate the dataset, and a radar semantic segmentation baseline, which we evaluate on several metrics. Both our code and dataset are available online.
Key facts. Cited by 60 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 4 May 2020.
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Citing papers per year: 2021: 7; 2022: 6; 2023: 18; 2024: 14; 2025: 3; 2026: 12.
60 papers.
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- 2022K-Radar: 4D Radar Object Detection for Autonomous Driving in Various Weather Conditionscited by 107
- 2021Raw High-Definition Radar for Multi-Task Learningcited by 69
- 2024A Survey on Autonomous Driving Datasets: Statistics, Annotation Quality, and a Future Outlookcited by 65
- 2021RadarScenes: A Real-World Radar Point Cloud Data Set for Automotive Applicationscited by 61
- 2023Radar-Camera Fusion for Object Detection and Semantic Segmentation in Autonomous Driving: A Comprehensive Reviewcited by 57
- 2021Multi-View Radar Semantic Segmentationcited by 34
- 2023WaterScenes: A Multi-Task 4D Radar-Camera Fusion Dataset and Benchmarks for Autonomous Driving on Water Surfacescited by 34
- 2023Echoes Beyond Points: Unleashing the Power of Raw Radar Data in Multi-modality Fusioncited by 25
- 2023T-FFTRadNet: Object Detection with Swin Vision Transformers from Raw ADC Radar Signalscited by 24
- 2021Rethinking of Radar's Role: A Camera-Radar Dataset and Systematic Annotator via Coordinate Alignmentcited by 23
- 2021Deep Instance Segmentation with Automotive Radar Detection Pointscited by 22
- 2022Exploiting Temporal Relations on Radar Perception for Autonomous Drivingcited by 22
38 more
- 2023Open-sourced Data Ecosystem in Autonomous Driving: the Present and Futurecited by 22
- 2023Exploring Radar Data Representations in Autonomous Driving: A Comprehensive Reviewcited by 22
- 2024DPFT: Dual Perspective Fusion Transformer for Camera-Radar-based Object Detectioncited by 19
- 2023OpenForest: A data catalogue for machine learning in forest monitoringcited by 15
- 2023A Survey on Approximate Edge AI for Energy Efficient Autonomous Driving Servicescited by 14
- 2024RadSimReal: Bridging the Gap Between Synthetic and Real Data in Radar Object Detection With Simulationcited by 14
- 2022Contrastive Learning for Automotive mmWave Radar Detection Points Based Instance Segmentationcited by 12
- 2024MMVR: Millimeter-wave Multi-View Radar Dataset and Benchmark for Indoor Perceptioncited by 10
- 2022A recurrent CNN for online object detection on raw radar framescited by 9
- 2023TransRadar: Adaptive-Directional Transformer for Real-Time Multi-View Radar Semantic Segmentationcited by 9
- 2023CenterRadarNet: Joint 3D Object Detection and Tracking Framework using 4D FMCW Radarcited by 9
- 2023Bootstrapping Autonomous Driving Radars with Self-Supervised Learningcited by 9
- 2024Radar and Camera Fusion for Object Detection and Tracking: A Comprehensive Surveycited by 9
- 2021Fail-Safe Human Detection for Drones Using a Multi-Modal Curriculum Learning Approachcited by 7
- 2025Towards Foundational Models for Single-Chip Radarcited by 6
- 2024SparseRadNet: Sparse Perception Neural Network on Subsampled Radar Datacited by 5
- 2023Camera-Radar Perception for Autonomous Vehicles and ADAS: Concepts, Datasets and Metricscited by 4
- 2023Vision meets mmWave Radar: 3D Object Perception Benchmark for Autonomous Drivingcited by 4
- 2024The Radar Ghost Dataset -- An Evaluation of Ghost Objects in Automotive Radar Datacited by 4
- 20244D Radar Semantic Segmentation of People in Field Conditions Using Temporal Multi-View Networkscited by 4
- 2022Look, Radiate, and Learn: Self-Supervised Localisation via Radio-Visual Correspondencecited by 3
- 2023Semantic Information Marketing in The Metaverse: A Learning-Based Contract Theory Frameworkcited by 3
- 2023RadarFormer: Lightweight and Accurate Real-Time Radar Object Detection Modelcited by 3
- 2022ERASE-Net: Efficient Segmentation Networks for Automotive Radar Signalscited by 2
- 2023Improving Extrinsics between RADAR and LIDAR using Learningcited by 2
- 2024BoostRad: Enhancing Object Detection by Boosting Radar Reflectionscited by 2
- 2024Enhancing Trust and Security in the Vehicular Metaverse: A Reputation-Based Mechanism for Participants with Moral Hazardcited by 2
- 2025Controllable Radar Simulation with Waveform Parameter Embeddingcited by 2
- 2026RADE-Net: Robust Attention Network for Radar-Only Object Detection in Adverse Weathercited by 2
- 2023Multimodal Dataset from Harsh Sub-Terranean Environment with Aerosol Particles for Frontier Explorationcited by 1
- 2023ThermRad: A Multi-modal Dataset for Robust 3D Object Detection under Challenging Conditionscited by 1
- 2024Leveraging Self-Supervised Instance Contrastive Learning for Radar Object Detectioncited by 1
- 2024Redefining Automotive Radar Imaging: A Domain-Informed 1D Deep Learning Approach for High-Resolution and Efficient Performancecited by 1
- 2024A Resource Efficient Fusion Network for Object Detection in Bird's-Eye View using Camera and Raw Radar Datacited by 1
- 2025Depth-aware Fusion Method based on Image and 4D Radar Spectrum for 3D Object Detectioncited by 1
- 2026Rad-R: A Raw-ADC Radar Dataset and Capture-Invariant SSM for Hardware-Fault Diagnosiscited by 1
- 2021GenRadar: Self-supervised Probabilistic Camera Synthesis based on Radar Frequenciescited by 0
- 2024Cross-modal semantic segmentation for indoor environmental perception using single-chip millimeter-wave radar raw datacited by 0
50 most cited of 60 All 60 (JSON)
- 2026Rad-R: A Raw-ADC Radar Dataset and Capture-Invariant SSM for Hardware-Fault Diagnosis31 Aug 2026
- 2026Semantic Reconstruction and 3-D Detection via Learned Multi-Pair Fusion in RF Imaging24 Aug 2026
- 2026Learning Structurally Consistent Representations for Multi-View Radar Semantic Segmentation30 Jun 2026
- 2026Sensor-Conditioned Representation Learning via Scene-Relevant Observation Quotients15 Jun 2026
- 2026REFNet++: Multi-Task Efficient Fusion of Camera and Radar Sensor Data in Bird's-Eye Polar View12 May 2026
- 2026Revisiting Radar Perception With Spectral Point Clouds9 Apr 2026
- 2026DinoRADE: Full Spectral Radar-Camera Fusion with Vision Foundation Model Features for Multi-class Object Detection in Adverse Weather9 Apr 2026
- 2026On Learning Spatial Structure from Pre-Beamforming Per-Antenna Range-Doppler Radar Measurements2 Apr 2026
- 2026AdaRadar: Rate Adaptive Spectral Compression for Radar-based Perception18 Mar 2026
- 2026calibfusion: Transformer-Based Differentiable Calibration for Radar-Camera Fusion Detection in Water-Surface Environments3 Mar 2026
- 2026physfusion: A Transformer-based Dual-Stream Radar and Vision Fusion Framework for Open Water Surface Object Detection2 Mar 2026
- 2026RADE-Net: Robust Attention Network for Radar-Only Object Detection in Adverse Weather23 Feb 2026
38 more
- 2025Towards Foundational Models for Single-Chip Radar15 Sep 2025
- 2025Controllable Radar Simulation with Waveform Parameter Embedding3 Jun 2025
- 2025Depth-aware Fusion Method based on Image and 4D Radar Spectrum for 3D Object Detection21 Feb 2025
- 2024A Resource Efficient Fusion Network for Object Detection in Bird's-Eye View using Camera and Raw Radar Data20 Nov 2024
- 2024Cross-modal semantic segmentation for indoor environmental perception using single-chip millimeter-wave radar raw data1 Nov 2024
- 2024Radar and Camera Fusion for Object Detection and Tracking: A Comprehensive Survey24 Oct 2024
- 2024MMVR: Millimeter-wave Multi-View Radar Dataset and Benchmark for Indoor Perception15 Jun 2024
- 2024SparseRadNet: Sparse Perception Neural Network on Subsampled Radar Data15 Jun 2024
- 2024Redefining Automotive Radar Imaging: A Domain-Informed 1D Deep Learning Approach for High-Resolution and Efficient Performance11 Jun 2024
- 2024Enhancing Trust and Security in the Vehicular Metaverse: A Reputation-Based Mechanism for Participants with Moral Hazard23 May 2024
- 2024RadSimReal: Bridging the Gap Between Synthetic and Real Data in Radar Object Detection With Simulation28 Apr 2024
- 2024BoostRad: Enhancing Object Detection by Boosting Radar Reflections27 Apr 2024
- 20244D Radar Semantic Segmentation of People in Field Conditions Using Temporal Multi-View Networks8 Apr 2024
- 2024DPFT: Dual Perspective Fusion Transformer for Camera-Radar-based Object Detection3 Apr 2024
- 2024The Radar Ghost Dataset -- An Evaluation of Ghost Objects in Automotive Radar Data1 Apr 2024
- 2024Leveraging Self-Supervised Instance Contrastive Learning for Radar Object Detection13 Feb 2024
- 2024A Survey on Autonomous Driving Datasets: Statistics, Annotation Quality, and a Future Outlook2 Jan 2024
- 2023Exploring Radar Data Representations in Autonomous Driving: A Comprehensive Review8 Dec 2023
- 2023Bootstrapping Autonomous Driving Radars with Self-Supervised Learning7 Dec 2023
- 2023Open-sourced Data Ecosystem in Autonomous Driving: the Present and Future6 Dec 2023
- 2023Vision meets mmWave Radar: 3D Object Perception Benchmark for Autonomous Driving17 Nov 2023
- 2023CenterRadarNet: Joint 3D Object Detection and Tracking Framework using 4D FMCW Radar2 Nov 2023
- 2023OpenForest: A data catalogue for machine learning in forest monitoring1 Nov 2023
- 2023TransRadar: Adaptive-Directional Transformer for Real-Time Multi-View Radar Semantic Segmentation3 Oct 2023
- 2023ThermRad: A Multi-modal Dataset for Robust 3D Object Detection under Challenging Conditions20 Aug 2023
- 2023Echoes Beyond Points: Unleashing the Power of Raw Radar Data in Multi-modality Fusion31 Jul 2023
- 2023WaterScenes: A Multi-Task 4D Radar-Camera Fusion Dataset and Benchmarks for Autonomous Driving on Water Surfaces13 Jul 2023
- 2023Improving Extrinsics between RADAR and LIDAR using Learning17 May 2023
- 2023Multimodal Dataset from Harsh Sub-Terranean Environment with Aerosol Particles for Frontier Exploration27 Apr 2023
- 2023Radar-Camera Fusion for Object Detection and Semantic Segmentation in Autonomous Driving: A Comprehensive Review20 Apr 2023
- 2023RadarFormer: Lightweight and Accurate Real-Time Radar Object Detection Model17 Apr 2023
- 2023A Survey on Approximate Edge AI for Energy Efficient Autonomous Driving Services13 Apr 2023
- 2023T-FFTRadNet: Object Detection with Swin Vision Transformers from Raw ADC Radar Signals29 Mar 2023
- 2023Camera-Radar Perception for Autonomous Vehicles and ADAS: Concepts, Datasets and Metrics8 Mar 2023
- 2023Semantic Information Marketing in The Metaverse: A Learning-Based Contract Theory Framework22 Feb 2023
- 2022A recurrent CNN for online object detection on raw radar frames21 Dec 2022
- 2022ERASE-Net: Efficient Segmentation Networks for Automotive Radar Signals26 Sep 2022
- 2022K-Radar: 4D Radar Object Detection for Autonomous Driving in Various Weather Conditions16 Jun 2022
50 newest of 60 All 60 (JSON)
- 2022K-Radar: 4D Radar Object Detection for Autonomous Driving in Various Weather Conditionscited by 107
- 2021Raw High-Definition Radar for Multi-Task Learningcited by 69
- 2024A Survey on Autonomous Driving Datasets: Statistics, Annotation Quality, and a Future Outlookcited by 65
- 2021RadarScenes: A Real-World Radar Point Cloud Data Set for Automotive Applicationscited by 61
- 2023Radar-Camera Fusion for Object Detection and Semantic Segmentation in Autonomous Driving: A Comprehensive Reviewcited by 57
- 2021Multi-View Radar Semantic Segmentationcited by 34
- 2023WaterScenes: A Multi-Task 4D Radar-Camera Fusion Dataset and Benchmarks for Autonomous Driving on Water Surfacescited by 34
- 2023Echoes Beyond Points: Unleashing the Power of Raw Radar Data in Multi-modality Fusioncited by 25
- 2023T-FFTRadNet: Object Detection with Swin Vision Transformers from Raw ADC Radar Signalscited by 24
- 2021Rethinking of Radar's Role: A Camera-Radar Dataset and Systematic Annotator via Coordinate Alignmentcited by 23
- 2021Deep Instance Segmentation with Automotive Radar Detection Pointscited by 22
- 2022Exploiting Temporal Relations on Radar Perception for Autonomous Drivingcited by 22
12 most cited of 60 All 60 (JSON)
- 2026Rad-R: A Raw-ADC Radar Dataset and Capture-Invariant SSM for Hardware-Fault Diagnosis31 Aug 2026
- 2026Semantic Reconstruction and 3-D Detection via Learned Multi-Pair Fusion in RF Imaging24 Aug 2026
- 2026Learning Structurally Consistent Representations for Multi-View Radar Semantic Segmentation30 Jun 2026
- 2026Sensor-Conditioned Representation Learning via Scene-Relevant Observation Quotients15 Jun 2026
- 2026REFNet++: Multi-Task Efficient Fusion of Camera and Radar Sensor Data in Bird's-Eye Polar View12 May 2026
- 2026Revisiting Radar Perception With Spectral Point Clouds9 Apr 2026
- 2026DinoRADE: Full Spectral Radar-Camera Fusion with Vision Foundation Model Features for Multi-class Object Detection in Adverse Weather9 Apr 2026
- 2026On Learning Spatial Structure from Pre-Beamforming Per-Antenna Range-Doppler Radar Measurements2 Apr 2026
- 2026AdaRadar: Rate Adaptive Spectral Compression for Radar-based Perception18 Mar 2026
- 2026calibfusion: Transformer-Based Differentiable Calibration for Radar-Camera Fusion Detection in Water-Surface Environments3 Mar 2026
- 2026physfusion: A Transformer-based Dual-Stream Radar and Vision Fusion Framework for Open Water Surface Object Detection2 Mar 2026
- 2026RADE-Net: Robust Attention Network for Radar-Only Object Detection in Adverse Weather23 Feb 2026
12 newest of 60 All 60 (JSON)