Self-Paced Deep Reinforcement Learning
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Abstract (arXiv)
Curriculum reinforcement learning (CRL) improves the learning speed and stability of an agent by exposing it to a tailored series of tasks throughout learning. Despite empirical successes, an open question in CRL is how to automatically generate a curriculum for a given reinforcement learning (RL) agent, avoiding manual design. In this paper, we propose an answer by interpreting the curriculum generation as an inference problem, where distributions over tasks are progressively learned to approach the target task. This approach leads to an automatic curriculum generation, whose pace is controlled by the agent, with solid theoretical motivation and easily integrated with deep RL algorithms. In the conducted experiments, the curricula generated with the proposed algorithm significantly improve learning performance across several environments and deep RL algorithms, matching or outperforming state-of-the-art existing CRL algorithms.
Key facts. Cited by 49 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 24 Apr 2020.
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Citing papers per year: 2021: 5; 2022: 8; 2023: 11; 2024: 4; 2025: 8; 2026: 13.
49 papers.
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- 2022Automated Reinforcement Learning (AutoRL): A Survey and Open Problemscited by 69
- 2022Contextualize Me -- The Case for Context in Reinforcement Learningcited by 41
- 2022Automated Dynamic Algorithm Configurationcited by 37
- 2022Curriculum Reinforcement Learning using Optimal Transport via Gradual Domain Adaptationcited by 28
- 2021Self-Paced Context Evaluation for Contextual Reinforcement Learningcited by 25
- 2021Variational Automatic Curriculum Learning for Sparse-Reward Cooperative Multi-Agent Problemscited by 25
- 2021Specializing Versatile Skill Libraries using Local Mixture of Expertscited by 24
- 2021CARL: A Benchmark for Contextual and Adaptive Reinforcement Learningcited by 21
- 2023Proximal Curriculum for Reinforcement Learning Agentscited by 19
- 2021TeachMyAgent: a Benchmark for Automatic Curriculum Learning in Deep RLcited by 18
- 2022Understanding the Complexity Gains of Single-Task RL with a Curriculumcited by 16
- 2022N2M2: Learning Navigation for Arbitrary Mobile Manipulation Motions in Unseen and Dynamic Environmentscited by 15
37 more
- 2023Domain Randomization via Entropy Maximizationcited by 15
- 2024Acquiring Diverse Skills using Curriculum Reinforcement Learning with Mixture of Expertscited by 14
- 2023Train Hard, Fight Easy: Robust Meta Reinforcement Learningcited by 11
- 2022Robust Reinforcement Learning via Genetic Curriculumcited by 10
- 2022Monte Carlo Tree Search based Hybrid Optimization of Variational Quantum Circuitscited by 10
- 2023Robust Adversarial Reinforcement Learning via Bounded Rationality Curriculacited by 9
- 2023Variational Curriculum Reinforcement Learning for Unsupervised Discovery of Skillscited by 8
- 2023On the Benefit of Optimal Transport for Curriculum Reinforcement Learningcited by 6
- 2024Proximal Curriculum with Task Correlations for Deep Reinforcement Learningcited by 6
- 2023Towards Skilled Population Curriculum for Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learningcited by 4
- 2023Continual Driving Policy Optimization with Closed-Loop Individualized Curriculacited by 4
- 2024Adaptive Q-Network: On-the-fly Target Selection for Deep Reinforcement Learningcited by 3
- 2025EvoCurr: Self-evolving Curriculum with Behavior Code Generation for Complex Decision-makingcited by 3
- 2024Exploring CausalWorld: Enhancing robotic manipulation via knowledge transfer and curriculum learningcited by 2
- 2025cMALC-D: Contextual Multi-Agent LLM-Guided Curriculum Learning with Diversity-Based Context Blendingcited by 2
- 2025Curriculum Design for Trajectory-Constrained Agent: Compressing Chain-of-Thought Tokens in LLMscited by 2
- 2026RL-AWB: Deep Reinforcement Learning for Auto White Balance Correction in Low-Light Night-time Scenescited by 2
- 2026Structure Detection for Contextual Reinforcement Learningcited by 2
- 2023Reward-Machine-Guided, Self-Paced Reinforcement Learningcited by 1
- 2025TRACED: Transition-aware Regret Approximation with Co-learnability for Environment Designcited by 1
- 2025Causal-Paced Deep Reinforcement Learningcited by 1
- 2025Distributionally Robust Self Paced Curriculum Reinforcement Learningcited by 1
- 2026Contextual Intelligence The Next Leap for Reinforcement Learningcited by 1
- 2026Co-Evolution in Agentic Systems: Toward Self-Directed Evolution Beyond Human Designcited by 1
- 2026Active Curriculum Refinement for Reinforcement Learningcited by 1
- 2023Learning Embeddings for Sequential Tasks Using Population of Agentscited by 0
- 2023Self-Paced Absolute Learning Progress as a Regularized Approach to Curriculum Learningcited by 0
- 2025Autonomous Curriculum Design via Relative Entropy Based Task Modificationscited by 0
- 2025Dynamic Obstacle Avoidance with Bounded Rationality Adversarial Reinforcement Learningcited by 0
- 2026Self Paced Gaussian Contextual Reinforcement Learningcited by 0
- 2026DC-Ada: Reward-Only Decentralized Sensor Adaptation for Heterogeneous Multi-Robot Teamscited by 0
- 2026Curriculum reinforcement learning with measurable task representation learningcited by 0
- 2026Self-Paced Curriculum Reinforcement Learning for Autonomous Superbike Racing in Simulationcited by 0
- 2026SCOUT: Per-Context Reset Curricula for Sparse-Reward Reinforcement Learningcited by 0
- 2026Curriculum Generation under Structured Parametric Environments for Robust Navigation Policiescited by 0
- 2026To Go Far, Go Together: Diverse Preferences Induce a Curriculum for Reward Optimizationcited by 0
- 2026Dynamic Context Scheduling: Learning Beyond the Static Universecited by 0
- 2026Active Curriculum Refinement for Reinforcement Learning26 Aug 2026
- 2026Dynamic Context Scheduling: Learning Beyond the Static Universe21 Aug 2026
- 2026To Go Far, Go Together: Diverse Preferences Induce a Curriculum for Reward Optimization19 Aug 2026
- 2026Co-Evolution in Agentic Systems: Toward Self-Directed Evolution Beyond Human Design10 Aug 2026
- 2026Curriculum Generation under Structured Parametric Environments for Robust Navigation Policies9 Aug 2026
- 2026SCOUT: Per-Context Reset Curricula for Sparse-Reward Reinforcement Learning29 Jul 2026
- 2026Self-Paced Curriculum Reinforcement Learning for Autonomous Superbike Racing in Simulation8 Jun 2026
- 2026Curriculum reinforcement learning with measurable task representation learning22 May 2026
- 2026DC-Ada: Reward-Only Decentralized Sensor Adaptation for Heterogeneous Multi-Robot Teams5 Apr 2026
- 2026Self Paced Gaussian Contextual Reinforcement Learning24 Mar 2026
- 2026Contextual Intelligence The Next Leap for Reinforcement Learning17 Feb 2026
- 2026Structure Detection for Contextual Reinforcement Learning13 Jan 2026
37 more
- 2026RL-AWB: Deep Reinforcement Learning for Auto White Balance Correction in Low-Light Night-time Scenes8 Jan 2026
- 2025Distributionally Robust Self Paced Curriculum Reinforcement Learning7 Nov 2025
- 2025Curriculum Design for Trajectory-Constrained Agent: Compressing Chain-of-Thought Tokens in LLMs4 Nov 2025
- 2025cMALC-D: Contextual Multi-Agent LLM-Guided Curriculum Learning with Diversity-Based Context Blending28 Aug 2025
- 2025EvoCurr: Self-evolving Curriculum with Behavior Code Generation for Complex Decision-making13 Aug 2025
- 2025Causal-Paced Deep Reinforcement Learning24 Jun 2025
- 2025TRACED: Transition-aware Regret Approximation with Co-learnability for Environment Design24 Jun 2025
- 2025Dynamic Obstacle Avoidance with Bounded Rationality Adversarial Reinforcement Learning14 Mar 2025
- 2025Autonomous Curriculum Design via Relative Entropy Based Task Modifications28 Feb 2025
- 2024Adaptive Q-Network: On-the-fly Target Selection for Deep Reinforcement Learning25 May 2024
- 2024Proximal Curriculum with Task Correlations for Deep Reinforcement Learning3 May 2024
- 2024Exploring CausalWorld: Enhancing robotic manipulation via knowledge transfer and curriculum learning25 Mar 2024
- 2024Acquiring Diverse Skills using Curriculum Reinforcement Learning with Mixture of Experts11 Mar 2024
- 2023Domain Randomization via Entropy Maximization3 Nov 2023
- 2023Robust Adversarial Reinforcement Learning via Bounded Rationality Curricula3 Nov 2023
- 2023Variational Curriculum Reinforcement Learning for Unsupervised Discovery of Skills30 Oct 2023
- 2023Continual Driving Policy Optimization with Closed-Loop Individualized Curricula25 Sep 2023
- 2023On the Benefit of Optimal Transport for Curriculum Reinforcement Learning25 Sep 2023
- 2023Self-Paced Absolute Learning Progress as a Regularized Approach to Curriculum Learning9 Jun 2023
- 2023Learning Embeddings for Sequential Tasks Using Population of Agents5 Jun 2023
- 2023Reward-Machine-Guided, Self-Paced Reinforcement Learning25 May 2023
- 2023Proximal Curriculum for Reinforcement Learning Agents25 Apr 2023
- 2023Towards Skilled Population Curriculum for Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning7 Feb 2023
- 2023Train Hard, Fight Easy: Robust Meta Reinforcement Learning26 Jan 2023
- 2022Understanding the Complexity Gains of Single-Task RL with a Curriculum24 Dec 2022
- 2022Curriculum Reinforcement Learning using Optimal Transport via Gradual Domain Adaptation18 Oct 2022
- 2022N2M2: Learning Navigation for Arbitrary Mobile Manipulation Motions in Unseen and Dynamic Environments17 Jun 2022
- 2022Automated Dynamic Algorithm Configuration27 May 2022
- 2022Monte Carlo Tree Search based Hybrid Optimization of Variational Quantum Circuits30 Mar 2022
- 2022Robust Reinforcement Learning via Genetic Curriculum17 Feb 2022
- 2022Contextualize Me -- The Case for Context in Reinforcement Learning9 Feb 2022
- 2022Automated Reinforcement Learning (AutoRL): A Survey and Open Problems11 Jan 2022
- 2021Specializing Versatile Skill Libraries using Local Mixture of Experts8 Dec 2021
- 2021Variational Automatic Curriculum Learning for Sparse-Reward Cooperative Multi-Agent Problems8 Nov 2021
- 2021CARL: A Benchmark for Contextual and Adaptive Reinforcement Learning5 Oct 2021
- 2021Self-Paced Context Evaluation for Contextual Reinforcement Learning9 Jun 2021
- 2021TeachMyAgent: a Benchmark for Automatic Curriculum Learning in Deep RL17 Mar 2021
- 2022Automated Reinforcement Learning (AutoRL): A Survey and Open Problemscited by 69
- 2022Contextualize Me -- The Case for Context in Reinforcement Learningcited by 41
- 2022Automated Dynamic Algorithm Configurationcited by 37
- 2022Curriculum Reinforcement Learning using Optimal Transport via Gradual Domain Adaptationcited by 28
- 2021Self-Paced Context Evaluation for Contextual Reinforcement Learningcited by 25
- 2021Variational Automatic Curriculum Learning for Sparse-Reward Cooperative Multi-Agent Problemscited by 25
- 2021CARL: A Benchmark for Contextual and Adaptive Reinforcement Learningcited by 21
- 2023Proximal Curriculum for Reinforcement Learning Agentscited by 19
- 2021TeachMyAgent: a Benchmark for Automatic Curriculum Learning in Deep RLcited by 18
- 2022Understanding the Complexity Gains of Single-Task RL with a Curriculumcited by 16
- 2022N2M2: Learning Navigation for Arbitrary Mobile Manipulation Motions in Unseen and Dynamic Environmentscited by 15
- 2023Domain Randomization via Entropy Maximizationcited by 15
12 most cited of 41 All 41 (JSON)
- 2026Active Curriculum Refinement for Reinforcement Learning26 Aug 2026
- 2026Dynamic Context Scheduling: Learning Beyond the Static Universe21 Aug 2026
- 2026Curriculum Generation under Structured Parametric Environments for Robust Navigation Policies9 Aug 2026
- 2026SCOUT: Per-Context Reset Curricula for Sparse-Reward Reinforcement Learning29 Jul 2026
- 2026Self-Paced Curriculum Reinforcement Learning for Autonomous Superbike Racing in Simulation8 Jun 2026
- 2026Curriculum reinforcement learning with measurable task representation learning22 May 2026
- 2026DC-Ada: Reward-Only Decentralized Sensor Adaptation for Heterogeneous Multi-Robot Teams5 Apr 2026
- 2026Self Paced Gaussian Contextual Reinforcement Learning24 Mar 2026
- 2026Contextual Intelligence The Next Leap for Reinforcement Learning17 Feb 2026
- 2026Structure Detection for Contextual Reinforcement Learning13 Jan 2026
- 2026RL-AWB: Deep Reinforcement Learning for Auto White Balance Correction in Low-Light Night-time Scenes8 Jan 2026
- 2025Distributionally Robust Self Paced Curriculum Reinforcement Learning7 Nov 2025
12 newest of 41 All 41 (JSON)