Fast-SCNN: Fast Semantic Segmentation Network
Not on the map. Why?
Abstract (arXiv)
The encoder-decoder framework is state-of-the-art for offline semantic image segmentation. Since the rise in autonomous systems, real-time computation is increasingly desirable. In this paper, we introduce fast segmentation convolutional neural network (Fast-SCNN), an above real-time semantic segmentation model on high resolution image data (1024x2048px) suited to efficient computation on embedded devices with low memory. Building on existing two-branch methods for fast segmentation, we introduce our `learning to downsample' module which computes low-level features for multiple resolution branches simultaneously. Our network combines spatial detail at high resolution with deep features extracted at lower resolution, yielding an accuracy of 68.0% mean intersection over union at 123.5 frames per second on Cityscapes. We also show that large scale pre-training is unnecessary. We thoroughly validate our metric in experiments with ImageNet pre-training and the coarse labeled data of Cityscapes. Finally, we show even faster computation with competitive results on subsampled inputs, without any network modifications.
Key facts. Cited by 124 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 12 Feb 2019.
Builds on
No reference list yet.
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2021: 38; 2022: 20; 2023: 19; 2024: 20; 2025: 11; 2026: 16.
124 papers.
Sort:
By area:
- 2022CMX: Cross-Modal Fusion for RGB-X Semantic Segmentation with Transformerscited by 229
- 2021UNetFormer: A UNet-like Transformer for Efficient Semantic Segmentation of Remote Sensing Urban Scene Imagerycited by 166
- 2021Lite-HRNet: A Lightweight High-Resolution Networkcited by 91
- 2021Deep Dual-resolution Networks for Real-time and Accurate Semantic Segmentation of Road Scenescited by 89
- 2021LeViT-UNet: Make Faster Encoders with Transformer for Medical Image Segmentationcited by 85
- 2022PIDNet: A Real-time Semantic Segmentation Network Inspired by PID Controllerscited by 84
- 2022Bending Reality: Distortion-aware Transformers for Adapting to Panoramic Semantic Segmentationcited by 71
- 2023MSeg3D: Multi-modal 3D Semantic Segmentation for Autonomous Drivingcited by 68
- 2021GANav: Efficient Terrain Segmentation for Robot Navigation in Unstructured Outdoor Environmentscited by 51
- 2021Capturing Omni-Range Context for Omnidirectional Segmentationcited by 49
- 2021Enhanced Boundary Learning for Glass-like Object Segmentationcited by 48
- 2022Behind Every Domain There is a Shift: Adapting Distortion-aware Vision Transformers for Panoramic Semantic Segmentationcited by 46
38 more
- 2021Edge-aware Guidance Fusion Network for RGB Thermal Scene Parsingcited by 44
- 2022EfficientViT: Multi-Scale Linear Attention for High-Resolution Dense Predictioncited by 42
- 2021DensePASS: Dense Panoramic Semantic Segmentation via Unsupervised Domain Adaptation with Attention-Augmented Context Exchangecited by 35
- 2021Transfer beyond the Field of View: Dense Panoramic Semantic Segmentation via Unsupervised Domain Adaptationcited by 34
- 2021PaddleSeg: A High-Efficient Development Toolkit for Image Segmentationcited by 33
- 2021Hand Image Understanding via Deep Multi-Task Learningcited by 31
- 2021Trans4Trans: Efficient Transformer for Transparent Object Segmentation to Help Visually Impaired People Navigate in the Real Worldcited by 30
- 2021Transformer Meets Convolution: A Bilateral Awareness Network for Semantic Segmentation of Very Fine Resolution Urban Scene Imagescited by 28
- 2021ABCNet: Attentive Bilateral Contextual Network for Efficient Semantic Segmentation of Fine-Resolution Remote Sensing Imagescited by 22
- 2021Trans4Trans: Efficient Transformer for Transparent Object and Semantic Scene Segmentation in Real-World Navigation Assistancecited by 22
- 2021Exploring Event-driven Dynamic Context for Accident Scene Segmentationcited by 22
- 2024Caltech Aerial RGB-Thermal Dataset in the Wildcited by 19
- 2021A Fine-Grained Dataset and its Efficient Semantic Segmentation for Unstructured Driving Scenarioscited by 18
- 2023SeaFormer++: Squeeze-enhanced Axial Transformer for Mobile Visual Recognitioncited by 18
- 2025Benchmarking Multi-modal Semantic Segmentation under Sensor Failures: Missing and Noisy Modality Robustnesscited by 18
- 2021FBSNet: A Fast Bilateral Symmetrical Network for Real-Time Semantic Segmentationcited by 17
- 2022TransKD: Transformer Knowledge Distillation for Efficient Semantic Segmentationcited by 17
- 2023Probabilistic Prompt Learning for Dense Predictioncited by 17
- 2024Open Panoramic Segmentationcited by 17
- 2021MSCFNet: A Lightweight Network With Multi-Scale Context Fusion for Real-Time Semantic Segmentationcited by 14
- 2021Fast Walsh-Hadamard Transform and Smooth-Thresholding Based Binary Layers in Deep Neural Networkscited by 14
- 2021From SLAM to Situational Awareness: Challenges and Surveycited by 14
- 2023Computation-efficient Deep Learning for Computer Vision: A Surveycited by 14
- 2021Segmenting Transparent Object in the Wild with Transformercited by 13
- 2022Block Walsh-Hadamard Transform Based Binary Layers in Deep Neural Networkscited by 13
- 2021GSVNet: Guided Spatially-Varying Convolution for Fast Semantic Segmentation on Videocited by 11
- 2024FUSU: A Multi-temporal-source Land Use Change Segmentation Dataset for Fine-grained Urban Semantic Understandingcited by 11
- 2021Highlighting the Importance of Reducing Research Bias and Carbon Emissions in CNNscited by 9
- 2021PP-HumanSeg: Connectivity-Aware Portrait Segmentation with a Large-Scale Teleconferencing Video Datasetcited by 9
- 2025MemorySAM: Memorize Modalities and Semantics with Segment Anything Model 2 for Multi-modal Semantic Segmentationcited by 9
- 2021Semantic Scene Segmentation for Robotics Applicationscited by 7
- 2022On Efficient Real-Time Semantic Segmentation: A Surveycited by 7
- 2023Fetal-BET: Brain Extraction Tool for Fetal MRIcited by 7
- 2021On The State of Data In Computer Vision: Human Annotations Remain Indispensable for Developing Deep Learning Modelscited by 6
- 2022Towards Robust Semantic Segmentation of Accident Scenes via Multi-Source Mixed Sampling and Meta-Learningcited by 6
- 2023Online Self-Supervised Thermal Water Segmentation for Aerial Vehiclescited by 6
- 2023On the Real-Time Semantic Segmentation of Aphid Clusters in the Wildcited by 6
- 2023BodySLAM++: Fast and Tightly-Coupled Visual-Inertial Camera and Human Motion Trackingcited by 6
50 most cited of 124 All 124 (JSON)
- 2026Self-Healing Visual Recovery for Autonomous Ground Vehicles Using Camera-Only Visual Odometry13 Jul 2026
- 2026BOCCHI: A More Realistic and Challenging Benchmark for Local Motion Blur Detection with MSDCT-UNet11 Jul 2026
- 2026Enabling Real-Time Point-of-Care Ultrasound Segmentation: A GPU-Free Deployment in Resource-Limited Settings13 Jun 2026
- 2026GABI: Geometry-Aware Boundary Integration for Spacecraft Segmentation30 May 2026
- 2026PILOT: A Data-Free Continual Learning Approach for Real-Time Semantic Segmentation via Boundary Guidance26 May 2026
- 2026ATV-Net: Adaptive Triple-View Network with Dynamic Feature Fusion25 May 2026
- 2026LightAVSeg: Lightweight Audio-Visual Segmentation9 May 2026
- 2026Mammographic Lesion Segmentation with Lightweight Models: A Comparative Study26 Apr 2026
- 2026On the Impact of Face Segmentation-Based Background Removal on Recognition and Morphing Attack Detection22 Apr 2026
- 2026TwinMixing: A Shuffle-Aware Feature Interaction Model for Multi-Task Segmentation30 Mar 2026
- 2026A Cross-Scale Decoder with Token Refinement for Off-Road Semantic Segmentation30 Mar 2026
- 2026LEMMA: Laplacian pyramids for Efficient Marine SeMAntic Segmentation26 Mar 2026
38 more
- 2026BiSe-Unet: A Lightweight Dual-path U-Net with Attention-refined Context for Real-time Medical Image Segmentation22 Feb 2026
- 2026FUME: Fused Unified Multi-Gas Emission Network for Livestock Rumen Acidosis Detection13 Jan 2026
- 2026WeedRepFormer: Reparameterizable Vision Transformers for Real-Time Waterhemp Segmentation and Gender Classification6 Jan 2026
- 2026Cross-Layer Attentive Feature Upsampling for Low-latency Semantic Segmentation3 Jan 2026
- 2025Bridging spatial awareness and global context in medical image segmentation6 Dec 2025
- 2025Terrain-Enhanced Resolution-aware Refinement Attention for Off-Road Segmentation3 Nov 2025
- 2025Puzzle: Scheduling Multiple Deep Learning Models on Mobile Device with Heterogeneous Processors25 Aug 2025
- 2025GasTwinFormer: A Hybrid Vision Transformer for Livestock Methane Emission Segmentation and Dietary Classification in Optical Gas Imaging20 Aug 2025
- 2025A Novel Downsampling Strategy Based on Information Complementarity for Medical Image Segmentation20 Jul 2025
- 2025CarboFormer: A Lightweight Semantic Segmentation Architecture for Efficient Carbon Dioxide Detection Using Optical Gas Imaging23 May 2025
- 2025Intra-class Patch Swap for Self-Distillation20 May 2025
- 2025Enhancing Shape Perception and Segmentation Consistency for Industrial Image Inspection19 May 2025
- 2025Benchmarking Multi-modal Semantic Segmentation under Sensor Failures: Missing and Noisy Modality Robustness24 Mar 2025
- 2025MemorySAM: Memorize Modalities and Semantics with Segment Anything Model 2 for Multi-modal Semantic Segmentation9 Mar 2025
- 2025Golden Cudgel Network for Real-Time Semantic Segmentation5 Mar 2025
- 2024Neural Collapse Inspired Knowledge Distillation16 Dec 2024
- 2024PDZSeg: Adapting the Foundation Model for Dissection Zone Segmentation with Visual Prompts in Robot-assisted Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection27 Nov 2024
- 2024Iterative Optimization Annotation Pipeline and ALSS-YOLO-Seg for Efficient Banana Plantation Segmentation in UAV Imagery9 Oct 2024
- 2024BAFNet: Bilateral Attention Fusion Network for Lightweight Semantic Segmentation of Urban Remote Sensing Images16 Sep 2024
- 2024Vision-Based Detection of Uncooperative Targets and Components on Small Satellites22 Aug 2024
- 2024Sparse Refinement for Efficient High-Resolution Semantic Segmentation26 Jul 2024
- 2024Augmented Efficiency: Reducing Memory Footprint and Accelerating Inference for 3D Semantic Segmentation through Hybrid Vision23 Jul 2024
- 2024Early Explorations of Lightweight Models for Wound Segmentation on Mobile Devices10 Jul 2024
- 2024Open Panoramic Segmentation2 Jul 2024
- 2024Occlusion-Aware Seamless Segmentation2 Jul 2024
- 2024DISHA: Low-Energy Sparse Transformer at Edge for Outdoor Navigation for the Visually Impaired Individuals22 Jun 2024
- 2024Reparameterizable Dual-Resolution Network for Real-time Semantic Segmentation18 Jun 2024
- 2024FUSU: A Multi-temporal-source Land Use Change Segmentation Dataset for Fine-grained Urban Semantic Understanding29 May 2024
- 2024A New Dataset and Comparative Study for Aphid Cluster Detection and Segmentation in Sorghum Fields7 May 2024
- 2024Image Generative Semantic Communication with Multi-Modal Similarity Estimation for Resource-Limited Networks17 Apr 2024
- 2024Independently Keypoint Learning for Small Object Semantic Correspondence3 Apr 2024
- 2024HyCTAS: Multi-Objective Hybrid Convolution-Transformer Architecture Search for Real-Time Image Segmentation15 Mar 2024
- 2024Caltech Aerial RGB-Thermal Dataset in the Wild13 Mar 2024
- 2024Feature boosting with efficient attention for scene parsing29 Feb 2024
- 2024Exploiting Low-level Representations for Ultra-Fast Road Segmentation4 Feb 2024
- 2023Mobile-Seed: Joint Semantic Segmentation and Boundary Detection for Mobile Robots21 Nov 2023
- 2023Bilateral Network with Residual U-blocks and Dual-Guided Attention for Real-time Semantic Segmentation31 Oct 2023
- 2023Towards Dynamic and Small Objects Refinement for Unsupervised Domain Adaptative Nighttime Semantic Segmentation7 Oct 2023
50 newest of 124 All 124 (JSON)
- 2023Probabilistic Prompt Learning for Dense Predictioncited by 17
- 2023Probabilistic Prompt Learning for Dense Prediction3 Apr 2023
- 2022CMX: Cross-Modal Fusion for RGB-X Semantic Segmentation with Transformerscited by 229
- 2021UNetFormer: A UNet-like Transformer for Efficient Semantic Segmentation of Remote Sensing Urban Scene Imagerycited by 166
- 2021Lite-HRNet: A Lightweight High-Resolution Networkcited by 91
- 2021Deep Dual-resolution Networks for Real-time and Accurate Semantic Segmentation of Road Scenescited by 89
- 2021LeViT-UNet: Make Faster Encoders with Transformer for Medical Image Segmentationcited by 85
- 2022PIDNet: A Real-time Semantic Segmentation Network Inspired by PID Controllerscited by 84
- 2022Bending Reality: Distortion-aware Transformers for Adapting to Panoramic Semantic Segmentationcited by 71
- 2023MSeg3D: Multi-modal 3D Semantic Segmentation for Autonomous Drivingcited by 68
- 2021GANav: Efficient Terrain Segmentation for Robot Navigation in Unstructured Outdoor Environmentscited by 51
- 2021Capturing Omni-Range Context for Omnidirectional Segmentationcited by 49
- 2021Enhanced Boundary Learning for Glass-like Object Segmentationcited by 48
- 2022Behind Every Domain There is a Shift: Adapting Distortion-aware Vision Transformers for Panoramic Semantic Segmentationcited by 46
12 most cited of 123 All 123 (JSON)
- 2026Self-Healing Visual Recovery for Autonomous Ground Vehicles Using Camera-Only Visual Odometry13 Jul 2026
- 2026BOCCHI: A More Realistic and Challenging Benchmark for Local Motion Blur Detection with MSDCT-UNet11 Jul 2026
- 2026Enabling Real-Time Point-of-Care Ultrasound Segmentation: A GPU-Free Deployment in Resource-Limited Settings13 Jun 2026
- 2026GABI: Geometry-Aware Boundary Integration for Spacecraft Segmentation30 May 2026
- 2026PILOT: A Data-Free Continual Learning Approach for Real-Time Semantic Segmentation via Boundary Guidance26 May 2026
- 2026ATV-Net: Adaptive Triple-View Network with Dynamic Feature Fusion25 May 2026
- 2026LightAVSeg: Lightweight Audio-Visual Segmentation9 May 2026
- 2026Mammographic Lesion Segmentation with Lightweight Models: A Comparative Study26 Apr 2026
- 2026On the Impact of Face Segmentation-Based Background Removal on Recognition and Morphing Attack Detection22 Apr 2026
- 2026TwinMixing: A Shuffle-Aware Feature Interaction Model for Multi-Task Segmentation30 Mar 2026
- 2026A Cross-Scale Decoder with Token Refinement for Off-Road Semantic Segmentation30 Mar 2026
- 2026LEMMA: Laplacian pyramids for Efficient Marine SeMAntic Segmentation26 Mar 2026
12 newest of 123 All 123 (JSON)