Contextual Stochastic Block Models
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Abstract (arXiv)
We provide the first information theoretic tight analysis for inference of latent community structure given a sparse graph along with high dimensional node covariates, correlated with the same latent communities. Our work bridges recent theoretical breakthroughs in the detection of latent community structure without nodes covariates and a large body of empirical work using diverse heuristics for combining node covariates with graphs for inference. The tightness of our analysis implies in particular, the information theoretical necessity of combining the different sources of information. Our analysis holds for networks of large degrees as well as for a Gaussian version of the model.
Key facts. Cited by 134 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 23 Jul 2018.
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Citing papers per year: 2021: 12; 2022: 23; 2023: 23; 2024: 37; 2025: 20; 2026: 19.
134 papers.
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- 2021Is Homophily a Necessity for Graph Neural Networks?cited by 182
- 2021Node Feature Extraction by Self-Supervised Multi-scale Neighborhood Predictioncited by 138
- 2021You are AllSet: A Multiset Function Framework for Hypergraph Neural Networkscited by 127
- 2021New Benchmarks for Learning on Non-Homophilous Graphscited by 81
- 2021Graph Convolution for Semi-Supervised Classification: Improved Linear Separability and Out-of-Distribution Generalizationcited by 70
- 2021Subgroup Generalization and Fairness of Graph Neural Networkscited by 69
- 2021On Provable Benefits of Depth in Training Graph Convolutional Networkscited by 58
- 2022GREAD: Graph Neural Reaction-Diffusion Networkscited by 54
- 2022A Non-Asymptotic Analysis of Oversmoothing in Graph Neural Networkscited by 49
- 2022Equivariant Hypergraph Diffusion Neural Operatorscited by 47
- 2023Structural Re-weighting Improves Graph Domain Adaptationcited by 45
- 2022FederatedScope-GNN: Towards a Unified, Comprehensive and Efficient Package for Federated Graph Learningcited by 43
38 more
- 2021p-Laplacian Based Graph Neural Networkscited by 39
- 2023Sheaf Hypergraph Networkscited by 34
- 2023OpenGSL: A Comprehensive Benchmark for Graph Structure Learningcited by 30
- 2023Adversarial Training for Graph Neural Networks: Pitfalls, Solutions, and New Directionscited by 28
- 2022EvenNet: Ignoring Odd-Hop Neighbors Improves Robustness of Graph Neural Networkscited by 26
- 2024Pairwise Alignment Improves Graph Domain Adaptationcited by 25
- 2022Graph Attention Retrospectivecited by 24
- 2022Effects of Graph Convolutions in Multi-layer Networkscited by 24
- 2022Beyond Real-world Benchmark Datasets: An Empirical Study of Node Classification with GNNscited by 23
- 2021Correlated Stochastic Block Models: Exact Graph Matching with Applications to Recovering Communitiescited by 22
- 2022Understanding Non-linearity in Graph Neural Networks from the Bayesian-Inference Perspectivecited by 19
- 2023Revisiting Robustness in Graph Machine Learningcited by 19
- 2024Towards Robust Graph Incremental Learning on Evolving Graphscited by 18
- 2021A Biased Graph Neural Network Sampler with Near-Optimal Regretcited by 17
- 2022Simplified Graph Convolution with Heterophilycited by 17
- 2024Node-wise Filtering in Graph Neural Networks: A Mixture of Experts Approachcited by 17
- 2025Pave Your Own Path: Graph Gradual Domain Adaptation on Fused Gromov-Wasserstein Geodesicscited by 17
- 2022Augmentation-Free Graph Contrastive Learning with Performance Guaranteecited by 16
- 2024Understanding Heterophily for Graph Neural Networkscited by 15
- 2022Single-Pass Contrastive Learning Can Work for Both Homophilic and Heterophilic Graphcited by 14
- 2023Explaining and Adapting Graph Conditional Shiftcited by 14
- 2022ES-GNN: Generalizing Graph Neural Networks Beyond Homophily with Edge Splittingcited by 13
- 2022Homophily modulates double descent generalization in graph convolution networkscited by 13
- 2023Optimality of Message-Passing Architectures for Sparse Graphscited by 13
- 2022Partition-Based Active Learning for Graph Neural Networkscited by 12
- 2023Optimal Inference in Contextual Stochastic Block Modelscited by 12
- 2023Quantifying the Optimization and Generalization Advantages of Graph Neural Networks Over Multilayer Perceptronscited by 12
- 2023Differentially Private Decoupled Graph Convolutions for Multigranular Topology Protectioncited by 12
- 2024Uncertainty for Active Learning on Graphscited by 12
- 2024Joint Graph Rewiring and Feature Denoising via Spectral Resonancecited by 12
- 2021An iterative clustering algorithm for the Contextual Stochastic Block Model with optimality guaranteescited by 10
- 2023A Metadata-Driven Approach to Understand Graph Neural Networkscited by 10
- 2024Matcha: Mitigating Graph Structure Shifts with Test-Time Adaptationcited by 10
- 2022Sampling Approximately Low-Rank Ising Models: MCMC meets Variational Methodscited by 9
- 2024Feature Distribution on Graph Topology Mediates the Effect of Graph Convolution: Homophily Perspectivecited by 9
- 2024Can Modifying Data Address Graph Domain Adaptation?cited by 9
- 2021Fundamental limits for rank-one matrix estimation with groupwise heteroskedasticitycited by 8
- 2022Exact Community Recovery in Correlated Stochastic Block Modelscited by 8
50 most cited of 134 All 134 (JSON)
- 2026Attention Graphons: A Graph Limit Perspective on Graph Transformers28 Sep 2026
- 2026HeAD-CP: Heterophily-Aware Diffused Conformal Prediction Sets for Graph Neural Networks28 Jul 2026
- 2026The Value of Depth in Message Passing on Sparse Graphs: A Kesten-Stigum Dichotomy18 Jul 2026
- 2026From Diffusion to Reaction-Diffusion: A Dynamical-Systems View of Oversmoothing in Hypergraph Neural Networks17 Jul 2026
- 2026When does distribution shift break graph neural networks calibration?12 Jul 2026
- 2026A Spectral Theory of Normalized Corrected GNN Propagation22 Jun 2026
- 2026Clustering Node Attributed Networks with Graph Neural Networks and Self Learning11 Jun 2026
- 2026Gated Graph Attention Networks with Learnable Temperature28 May 2026
- 2026A Generalized Tikhonov Layer for Interpretable-by-design Graph Neural Networks27 May 2026
- 2026Graph Navier Stokes Networks20 May 2026
- 2026Query-Aware Flow Diffusion for Graph-Based RAG with Retrieval Guarantees21 Apr 2026
- 2026Hypergraph Neural Diffusion: A PDE-Inspired Framework for Hypergraph Message Passing13 Apr 2026
38 more
- 2026SCL-GNN: Towards Generalizable Graph Neural Networks via Spurious Correlation Learning9 Mar 2026
- 2026Mitigating Homophily Disparity in Graph Anomaly Detection: A Scalable and Adaptive Approach9 Mar 2026
- 2026BHyGNN+: Unsupervised Representation Learning for Heterophilic Hypergraphs16 Feb 2026
- 2026Structural Bias Beyond Homophily: A Study of Fairness in Link Prediction12 Feb 2026
- 2026Fundamental Limits of Community Detection in Contextual Multi-Layer Stochastic Block Models9 Feb 2026
- 2026Exact Recovery in the Data Block Model5 Feb 2026
- 2026Multi-layer Cross-attention is Provably Optimal for Multi-modal In-context Learning4 Feb 2026
- 2025Torch Geometric Pool: the PyTorch library for pooling in Graph Neural Networks14 Dec 2025
- 2025Beyond Fixed Depth: Adaptive Graph Neural Networks for Node Classification Under Varying Homophily10 Nov 2025
- 2025Grassmanian Interpolation of Low-Pass Graph Filters: Theory and Applications27 Oct 2025
- 2025GraphTOP: Graph Topology-Oriented Prompting for Graph Neural Networks25 Oct 2025
- 2025Does Homophily Help in Robust Test-time Node Classification?25 Oct 2025
- 2025Exact Generalisation Error Exposes Benchmarks Skew Graph Neural Networks Success (or Failure)12 Sep 2025
- 2025SBGD: Improving Graph Diffusion Generative Model via Stochastic Block Diffusion20 Aug 2025
- 2025A Non-Asymptotic Convergent Analysis for Scored-Based Graph Generative Model via a System of Stochastic Differential Equations20 Aug 2025
- 2025On the Stability of Graph Convolutional Neural Networks: A Probabilistic Perspective1 Jun 2025
- 2025Backward Oversmoothing: why is it hard to train deep Graph Neural Networks?22 May 2025
- 2025Pave Your Own Path: Graph Gradual Domain Adaptation on Fused Gromov-Wasserstein Geodesics19 May 2025
- 2025Towards Anomaly-Aware Pre-Training and Fine-Tuning for Graph Anomaly Detection19 Apr 2025
- 2025Statistical physics analysis of graph neural networks: Approaching optimality in the contextual stochastic block model3 Mar 2025
- 2025Structural Alignment Improves Graph Test-Time Adaptation25 Feb 2025
- 2025Unveiling Mode Connectivity in Graph Neural Networks18 Feb 2025
- 2025A Signed Graph Approach to Understanding and Mitigating Oversmoothing in GNNs17 Feb 2025
- 2025Heterogeneous Multi-agent Multi-armed Bandits on Stochastic Block Models11 Feb 2025
- 2025Aggregate to Adapt: Node-Centric Aggregation for Multi-Source-Free Graph Domain Adaptation5 Feb 2025
- 2025Gradual Domain Adaptation for Graph Learning29 Jan 2025
- 2025Community Detection for Contextual-LSBM: Theoretical Limitations of Misclassification Rate and Efficient Algorithms19 Jan 2025
- 2024Adversarial Training for Graph Neural Networks via Graph Subspace Energy Optimization25 Dec 2024
- 2024Graph Attention is Not Always Beneficial: A Theoretical Analysis of Graph Attention Mechanisms via Contextual Stochastic Block Models20 Dec 2024
- 2024Optimal Exact Recovery in Semi-Supervised Learning: A Study of Spectral Methods and Graph Convolutional Networks18 Dec 2024
- 2024Exact Certification of (Graph) Neural Networks Against Label Poisoning30 Nov 2024
- 2024Mixture of Experts for Node Classification30 Nov 2024
- 2024STAMP: Symmetric Temporal Averaging Message Passing for Domain Adaptation in Chronologically Split Graphs17 Nov 2024
- 2024Matcha: Mitigating Graph Structure Shifts with Test-Time Adaptation9 Oct 2024
- 2024LinkThief: Combining Generalized Structure Knowledge with Node Similarity for Link Stealing Attack against GNN1 Oct 2024
- 2024Joint Graph Rewiring and Feature Denoising via Spectral Resonance13 Aug 2024
- 2024Better Not to Propagate: Understanding Edge Uncertainty and Over-smoothing in Signed Graph Neural Networks9 Aug 2024
- 2024Sharp Bounds for Poly-GNNs and the Effect of Graph Noise28 Jul 2024
50 newest of 134 All 134 (JSON)
- 2021Is Homophily a Necessity for Graph Neural Networks?cited by 182
- 2021Node Feature Extraction by Self-Supervised Multi-scale Neighborhood Predictioncited by 138
- 2021You are AllSet: A Multiset Function Framework for Hypergraph Neural Networkscited by 127
- 2021New Benchmarks for Learning on Non-Homophilous Graphscited by 81
- 2021Graph Convolution for Semi-Supervised Classification: Improved Linear Separability and Out-of-Distribution Generalizationcited by 70
- 2021Subgroup Generalization and Fairness of Graph Neural Networkscited by 69
- 2021On Provable Benefits of Depth in Training Graph Convolutional Networkscited by 58
- 2022GREAD: Graph Neural Reaction-Diffusion Networkscited by 54
- 2022A Non-Asymptotic Analysis of Oversmoothing in Graph Neural Networkscited by 49
- 2022Equivariant Hypergraph Diffusion Neural Operatorscited by 47
- 2023Structural Re-weighting Improves Graph Domain Adaptationcited by 45
- 2022FederatedScope-GNN: Towards a Unified, Comprehensive and Efficient Package for Federated Graph Learningcited by 43
12 most cited of 129 All 129 (JSON)
- 2026Attention Graphons: A Graph Limit Perspective on Graph Transformers28 Sep 2026
- 2026HeAD-CP: Heterophily-Aware Diffused Conformal Prediction Sets for Graph Neural Networks28 Jul 2026
- 2026The Value of Depth in Message Passing on Sparse Graphs: A Kesten-Stigum Dichotomy18 Jul 2026
- 2026From Diffusion to Reaction-Diffusion: A Dynamical-Systems View of Oversmoothing in Hypergraph Neural Networks17 Jul 2026
- 2026When does distribution shift break graph neural networks calibration?12 Jul 2026
- 2026A Spectral Theory of Normalized Corrected GNN Propagation22 Jun 2026
- 2026Clustering Node Attributed Networks with Graph Neural Networks and Self Learning11 Jun 2026
- 2026Gated Graph Attention Networks with Learnable Temperature28 May 2026
- 2026A Generalized Tikhonov Layer for Interpretable-by-design Graph Neural Networks27 May 2026
- 2026Graph Navier Stokes Networks20 May 2026
- 2026Hypergraph Neural Diffusion: A PDE-Inspired Framework for Hypergraph Message Passing13 Apr 2026
- 2026SCL-GNN: Towards Generalizable Graph Neural Networks via Spurious Correlation Learning9 Mar 2026
12 newest of 129 All 129 (JSON)