Scaling Neural Machine Translation
Not on the map. Why?
Abstract (arXiv)
Sequence to sequence learning models still require several days to reach state of the art performance on large benchmark datasets using a single machine. This paper shows that reduced precision and large batch training can speedup training by nearly 5x on a single 8-GPU machine with careful tuning and implementation. On WMT'14 English-German translation, we match the accuracy of Vaswani et al. (2017) in under 5 hours when training on 8 GPUs and we obtain a new state of the art of 29.3 BLEU after training for 85 minutes on 128 GPUs. We further improve these results to 29.8 BLEU by training on the much larger Paracrawl dataset. On the WMT'14 English-French task, we obtain a state-of-the-art BLEU of 43.2 in 8.5 hours on 128 GPUs.
Key facts. Cited by 204 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 1 Jun 2018.
Builds on
No reference list yet.
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2020: 1; 2021: 91; 2022: 52; 2023: 32; 2024: 11; 2025: 13; 2026: 4.
204 papers.
Sort:
By area:
- 2021Is Space-Time Attention All You Need for Video Understanding?cited by 1,620
- 2021Train Short, Test Long: Attention with Linear Biases Enables Input Length Extrapolationcited by 1,103
- 2021Transformers in Vision: A Surveycited by 1,013
- 2022LLM.int8(): 8-bit Matrix Multiplication for Transformers at Scalecited by 906
- 2021Linear Transformers Are Secretly Fast Weight Programmerscited by 502
- 2021Tip-Adapter: Training-free CLIP-Adapter for Better Vision-Language Modelingcited by 431
- 20218-bit Optimizers via Block-wise Quantizationcited by 403
- 2021Differentially Private Fine-tuning of Language Modelscited by 400
- 2021Random Feature Attentioncited by 354
- 2021ResMLP: Feedforward networks for image classification with data-efficient trainingcited by 339
- 2021Medical Transformer: Gated Axial-Attention for Medical Image Segmentationcited by 320
- 2021Sustainable AI: Environmental Implications, Challenges and Opportunitiescited by 242
38 more
- 2021R-Drop: Regularized Dropout for Neural Networkscited by 202
- 2021ATISS: Autoregressive Transformers for Indoor Scene Synthesiscited by 200
- 2021Federated Learning with Buffered Asynchronous Aggregationcited by 190
- 2021Combined Scaling for Zero-shot Transfer Learningcited by 182
- 2022Mega: Moving Average Equipped Gated Attentioncited by 179
- 2021Efficient Large Scale Language Modeling with Mixtures of Expertscited by 175
- 2022Speculative Decoding: Exploiting Speculative Execution for Accelerating Seq2seq Generationcited by 171
- 2024Mobile Edge Intelligence for Large Language Models: A Contemporary Surveycited by 128
- 2021Multimodal Contrastive Training for Visual Representation Learningcited by 124
- 2021Entailment as Few-Shot Learnercited by 123
- 2021Taming Sparsely Activated Transformer with Stochastic Expertscited by 113
- 2021BERT: A Review of Applications in Natural Language Processing and Understandingcited by 109
- 2021High Quality Rather than High Model Probability: Minimum Bayes Risk Decoding with Neural Metricscited by 104
- 2021Finetuning Pretrained Transformers into RNNscited by 96
- 2021Luna: Linear Unified Nested Attentioncited by 96
- 2021VALUE: A Multi-Task Benchmark for Video-and-Language Understanding Evaluationcited by 95
- 2021Lessons on Parameter Sharing across Layers in Transformerscited by 85
- 2021How to Train BERT with an Academic Budgetcited by 80
- 2020Autoregressive Knowledge Distillation through Imitation Learningcited by 74
- 2021A Practical Survey on Faster and Lighter Transformerscited by 73
- 2022Revisiting Over-smoothing in BERT from the Perspective of Graphcited by 72
- 2021Bad Characters: Imperceptible NLP Attackscited by 71
- 2021Relaxing the Conditional Independence Assumption of CTC-based ASR by Conditioning on Intermediate Predictionscited by 61
- 2022Mixture of Attention Heads: Selecting Attention Heads Per Tokencited by 60
- 2021The paradox of the compositionality of natural language: a neural machine translation case studycited by 59
- 2023SWARM Parallelism: Training Large Models Can Be Surprisingly Communication-Efficientcited by 59
- 2021Distributed Deep Learning in Open Collaborationscited by 58
- 2021TransZero: Attribute-guided Transformer for Zero-Shot Learningcited by 54
- 2023Spike No More: Stabilizing the Pre-training of Large Language Modelscited by 52
- 2021SparseBERT: Rethinking the Importance Analysis in Self-attentioncited by 46
- 2021An Exploration of Self-Supervised Pretrained Representations for End-to-End Speech Recognitioncited by 39
- 2021SHAPE: Shifted Absolute Position Embedding for Transformerscited by 37
- 2023DiffuSeq-v2: Bridging Discrete and Continuous Text Spaces for Accelerated Seq2Seq Diffusion Modelscited by 36
- 2021BERT, mBERT, or BiBERT? A Study on Contextualized Embeddings for Neural Machine Translationcited by 35
- 2024SelectIT: Selective Instruction Tuning for LLMs via Uncertainty-Aware Self-Reflectioncited by 34
- 2021Video Transformer for Deepfake Detection with Incremental Learningcited by 33
- 2022Reversible Column Networkscited by 32
- 2023Sparse Universal Transformercited by 32
50 most cited of 204 All 204 (JSON)
- 2026Gradient Under Microscope: Benchmarking Resource Utilization of Memory-Efficient Gradient Computation Methods9 Aug 2026
- 2026Enhancing Scientific Discourse: Machine Translation for the Scientific Domain20 May 2026
- 2026Navigating Potholes with Geometry-Aware Sharpness Minimization15 May 2026
- 2026Layerwise LQR for Geometry-Aware Optimization of Deep Networks5 May 2026
- 2025Context-aware Rotary Position Embedding30 Jul 2025
- 2025GeistBERT: Breathing Life into German NLP13 Jun 2025
- 2025Towards Efficient Multi-LLM Inference: Characterization and Analysis of LLM Routing and Hierarchical Techniques6 Jun 2025
- 2025Comparative Evaluation of Prompting and Fine-Tuning for Applying Large Language Models to Grid-Structured Geospatial Data21 May 2025
- 2025Pushing the Limits of Low-Bit Optimizers: A Focus on EMA Dynamics1 May 2025
- 2025Memory Reviving, Continuing Learning and Beyond: Evaluation of Pre-trained Encoders and Decoders for Multimodal Machine Translation25 Apr 2025
- 2025Self-Vocabularizing Training for Neural Machine Translation18 Mar 2025
- 2025Context-aware Biases for Length Extrapolation11 Mar 2025
38 more
- 2025AVD2: Accident Video Diffusion for Accident Video Description20 Feb 2025
- 2025RingFormer: Rethinking Recurrent Transformer with Adaptive Level Signals18 Feb 2025
- 2025Evaluation of End-to-End Continuous Spanish Lipreading in Different Data Conditions1 Feb 2025
- 2025ZETA: Leveraging Z-order Curves for Efficient Top-k Attention24 Jan 2025
- 2025ViBidirectionMT-Eval: Machine Translation for Vietnamese-Chinese and Vietnamese-Lao language pair15 Jan 2025
- 2024Predictor-Corrector Enhanced Transformers with Exponential Moving Average Coefficient Learning5 Nov 2024
- 2024Efficient Machine Translation with a BiLSTM-Attention Approach29 Oct 2024
- 2024MGH Radiology Llama: A Llama 3 70B Model for Radiology13 Aug 2024
- 2024Mini-Sequence Transformer: Optimizing Intermediate Memory for Long Sequences Training22 Jul 2024
- 2024PASTA: Controllable Part-Aware Shape Generation with Autoregressive Transformers18 Jul 2024
- 2024Mobile Edge Intelligence for Large Language Models: A Contemporary Survey9 Jul 2024
- 2024The infrastructure powering IBM's Gen AI model development7 Jul 2024
- 2024LCS: A Language Converter Strategy for Zero-Shot Neural Machine Translation5 Jun 2024
- 2024SelectIT: Selective Instruction Tuning for LLMs via Uncertainty-Aware Self-Reflection26 Feb 2024
- 2024Comparison of Conventional Hybrid and CTC/Attention Decoders for Continuous Visual Speech Recognition20 Feb 2024
- 2024Enhancing Document-level Translation of Large Language Model via Translation Mixed-instructions16 Jan 2024
- 2023Spike No More: Stabilizing the Pre-training of Large Language Models28 Dec 2023
- 2023Implicit Affordance Acquisition via Causal Action-Effect Modeling in the Video Domain18 Dec 2023
- 2023SpEL: Structured Prediction for Entity Linking23 Oct 2023
- 2023Sparse Universal Transformer11 Oct 2023
- 2023DiffuSeq-v2: Bridging Discrete and Continuous Text Spaces for Accelerated Seq2Seq Diffusion Models9 Oct 2023
- 2023One Wide Feedforward is All You Need4 Sep 2023
- 2023Chat Translation Error Detection for Assisting Cross-lingual Communications2 Aug 2023
- 2023Enhancing Supervised Learning with Contrastive Markings in Neural Machine Translation Training17 Jul 2023
- 2023Disco-Bench: A Discourse-Aware Evaluation Benchmark for Language Modelling16 Jul 2023
- 2023DropCompute: simple and more robust distributed synchronous training via compute variance reduction18 Jun 2023
- 2023Understanding Parameter Sharing in Transformers15 Jun 2023
- 2023Hyperbolic Convolution via Kernel Point Aggregation15 Jun 2023
- 2023EM-Network: Oracle Guided Self-distillation for Sequence Learning14 Jun 2023
- 2023When Vision Fails: Text Attacks Against ViT and OCR12 Jun 2023
- 2023MobileNMT: Enabling Translation in 15MB and 30ms7 Jun 2023
- 2023When to Read Documents or QA History: On Unified and Selective Open-domain QA7 Jun 2023
- 2023Injecting knowledge into language generation: a case study in auto-charting after-visit care instructions from medical dialogue6 Jun 2023
- 2023TranSFormer: Slow-Fast Transformer for Machine Translation26 May 2023
- 2023Neural Machine Translation for Mathematical Formulae25 May 2023
- 2023Revisiting Non-Autoregressive Translation at Scale25 May 2023
- 2023Towards Higher Pareto Frontier in Multilingual Machine Translation25 May 2023
- 2023The Best of Both Worlds: Combining Human and Machine Translations for Multilingual Semantic Parsing with Active Learning22 May 2023
50 newest of 204 All 204 (JSON)
- 2021Efficient Large Scale Language Modeling with Mixtures of Expertscited by 175
- 2021Taming Sparsely Activated Transformer with Stochastic Expertscited by 113
- 2022Mixture of Attention Heads: Selecting Attention Heads Per Tokencited by 60
- 2023Sparse Universal Transformercited by 32
- 2023Sparse Universal Transformer11 Oct 2023
- 2022Mixture of Attention Heads: Selecting Attention Heads Per Token11 Oct 2022
- 2021Efficient Large Scale Language Modeling with Mixtures of Experts20 Dec 2021
- 2021Taming Sparsely Activated Transformer with Stochastic Experts8 Oct 2021
- 2021Is Space-Time Attention All You Need for Video Understanding?cited by 1,620
- 2021Train Short, Test Long: Attention with Linear Biases Enables Input Length Extrapolationcited by 1,103
- 2021Transformers in Vision: A Surveycited by 1,013
- 2022LLM.int8(): 8-bit Matrix Multiplication for Transformers at Scalecited by 906
- 2021Linear Transformers Are Secretly Fast Weight Programmerscited by 502
- 20218-bit Optimizers via Block-wise Quantizationcited by 403
- 2021Differentially Private Fine-tuning of Language Modelscited by 400
- 2021Random Feature Attentioncited by 354
- 2021ResMLP: Feedforward networks for image classification with data-efficient trainingcited by 339
- 2021Medical Transformer: Gated Axial-Attention for Medical Image Segmentationcited by 320
- 2021Sustainable AI: Environmental Implications, Challenges and Opportunitiescited by 242
- 2021R-Drop: Regularized Dropout for Neural Networkscited by 202
12 most cited of 193 All 193 (JSON)
- 2026Gradient Under Microscope: Benchmarking Resource Utilization of Memory-Efficient Gradient Computation Methods9 Aug 2026
- 2026Enhancing Scientific Discourse: Machine Translation for the Scientific Domain20 May 2026
- 2026Navigating Potholes with Geometry-Aware Sharpness Minimization15 May 2026
- 2026Layerwise LQR for Geometry-Aware Optimization of Deep Networks5 May 2026
- 2025Context-aware Rotary Position Embedding30 Jul 2025
- 2025GeistBERT: Breathing Life into German NLP13 Jun 2025
- 2025Towards Efficient Multi-LLM Inference: Characterization and Analysis of LLM Routing and Hierarchical Techniques6 Jun 2025
- 2025Comparative Evaluation of Prompting and Fine-Tuning for Applying Large Language Models to Grid-Structured Geospatial Data21 May 2025
- 2025Pushing the Limits of Low-Bit Optimizers: A Focus on EMA Dynamics1 May 2025
- 2025Memory Reviving, Continuing Learning and Beyond: Evaluation of Pre-trained Encoders and Decoders for Multimodal Machine Translation25 Apr 2025
- 2025Self-Vocabularizing Training for Neural Machine Translation18 Mar 2025
- 2025Context-aware Biases for Length Extrapolation11 Mar 2025
12 newest of 193 All 193 (JSON)