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The Voice Conversion Challenge 2018: Promoting Development of Parallel and Nonparallel Methods

arXiv 1804.04262 ↗First posted 12 Apr 2018eess.AS cs.CL cs.SDcited by 68

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Abstract (arXiv)

We present the Voice Conversion Challenge 2018, designed as a follow up to the 2016 edition with the aim of providing a common framework for evaluating and comparing different state-of-the-art voice conversion (VC) systems. The objective of the challenge was to perform speaker conversion (i.e. transform the vocal identity) of a source speaker to a target speaker while maintaining linguistic information. As an update to the previous challenge, we considered both parallel and non-parallel data to form the Hub and Spoke tasks, respectively. A total of 23 teams from around the world submitted their systems, 11 of them additionally participated in the optional Spoke task. A large-scale crowdsourced perceptual evaluation was then carried out to rate the submitted converted speech in terms of naturalness and similarity to the target speaker identity. In this paper, we present a brief summary of the state-of-the-art techniques for VC, followed by a detailed explanation of the challenge tasks and the results that were obtained.

Key facts. Cited by 68 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 12 Apr 2018.

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Citing papers per year: 2021: 18; 2022: 13; 2023: 14; 2024: 8; 2025: 9; 2026: 6.

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  1. 2023Voicebox: Text-Guided Multilingual Universal Speech Generation at Scalecited by 373
  2. 2021A Survey on Neural Speech Synthesiscited by 182
  3. 2021Emotional Voice Conversion: Theory, Databases and ESDcited by 113
  4. 2021Deepfakes Generation and Detection: State-of-the-art, open challenges, countermeasures, and way forwardcited by 82
  5. 2022HiFi++: a Unified Framework for Bandwidth Extension and Speech Enhancementcited by 49
  6. 2021CDPAM: Contrastive learning for perceptual audio similaritycited by 42
  7. 2021Deep Learning Based Assessment of Synthetic Speech Naturalnesscited by 35
  8. 2023The Singing Voice Conversion Challenge 2023cited by 25
  9. 2021LDNet: Unified Listener Dependent Modeling in MOS Prediction for Synthetic Speechcited by 24
  10. 2021Utilizing Self-supervised Representations for MOS Predictioncited by 20
  11. 2022SpeechLMScore: Evaluating speech generation using speech language modelcited by 19
  12. 2021MaskCycleGAN-VC: Learning Non-parallel Voice Conversion with Filling in Framescited by 18
38 more
  1. 2021EMOVIE: A Mandarin Emotion Speech Dataset with a Simple Emotional Text-to-Speech Modelcited by 18
  2. 2022SOMOS: The Samsung Open MOS Dataset for the Evaluation of Neural Text-to-Speech Synthesiscited by 18
  3. 2021SpeechNet: A Universal Modularized Model for Speech Processing Taskscited by 16
  4. 2021Non-Autoregressive TTS with Explicit Duration Modelling for Low-Resource Highly Expressive Speechcited by 14
  5. 2022Fusion of Self-supervised Learned Models for MOS Predictioncited by 10
  6. 2021NVC-Net: End-to-End Adversarial Voice Conversioncited by 9
  7. 2023Multi-Dataset Co-Training with Sharpness-Aware Optimization for Audio Anti-spoofingcited by 9
  8. 2024Harder or Different? Understanding Generalization of Audio Deepfake Detectioncited by 9
  9. 2024SLIM: Style-Linguistics Mismatch Model for Generalized Audio Deepfake Detectioncited by 8
  10. 2022DDOS: A MOS Prediction Framework utilizing Domain Adaptive Pre-training and Distribution of Opinion Scorescited by 7
  11. 2023MOSPC: MOS Prediction Based on Pairwise Comparisoncited by 7
  12. 2022Deepfake: Definitions, Performance Metrics and Standards, Datasets and Benchmarks, and a Meta-Reviewcited by 6
  13. 2023DSVAE: Interpretable Disentangled Representation for Synthetic Speech Detectioncited by 6
  14. 2023Towards General-Purpose Text-Instruction-Guided Voice Conversioncited by 6
  15. 2024RankUp: Boosting Semi-Supervised Regression with an Auxiliary Ranking Classifiercited by 6
  16. 2022ECAPA-TDNN for Multi-speaker Text-to-speech Synthesiscited by 5
  17. 2021StarGAN-ZSVC: Towards Zero-Shot Voice Conversion in Low-Resource Contextscited by 4
  18. 2021Voicy: Zero-Shot Non-Parallel Voice Conversion in Noisy Reverberant Environmentscited by 4
  19. 2021SVSNet: An End-to-end Speaker Voice Similarity Assessment Modelcited by 4
  20. 2025Voice of a Continent: Mapping Africa's Speech Technology Frontiercited by 4
  21. 2021An Adaptive Learning based Generative Adversarial Network for One-To-One Voice Conversioncited by 3
  22. 2023In-the-wild Speech Emotion Conversion Using Disentangled Self-Supervised Representations and Neural Vocoder-based Resynthesiscited by 3
  23. 2024SpeechComposer: Unifying Multiple Speech Tasks with Prompt Compositioncited by 3
  24. 2025Multi-level SSL Feature Gating for Audio Deepfake Detectioncited by 3
  25. 2022Automatic Evaluation of Speaker Similaritycited by 2
  26. 2022Controllable Accented Text-to-Speech Synthesiscited by 2
  27. 2022Investigating Content-Aware Neural Text-To-Speech MOS Prediction Using Prosodic and Linguistic Featurescited by 2
  28. 2023Evaluation of Speech Representations for MOS predictioncited by 2
  29. 2023A Comparative Study of Voice Conversion Models with Large-Scale Speech and Singing Data: The T13 Systems for the Singing Voice Conversion Challenge 2023cited by 2
  30. 2023AE-Flow: AutoEncoder Normalizing Flowcited by 2
  31. 2024Explainable Deepfake Video Detection using Convolutional Neural Network and CapsuleNetcited by 2
  32. 2025Attention-based Mixture of Experts for Robust Speech Deepfake Detectioncited by 2
  33. 2025NaturalVoices: A Large-Scale, Spontaneous and Emotional Podcast Dataset for Voice Conversioncited by 2
  34. 2021Low-Latency Real-Time Non-Parallel Voice Conversion based on Cyclic Variational Autoencoder and Multiband WaveRNN with Data-Driven Linear Predictioncited by 1
  35. 2022Boosting Star-GANs for Voice Conversion with Contrastive Discriminatorcited by 1
  36. 2023EventTrojan: Manipulating Non-Intrusive Speech Quality Assessment via Imperceptible Eventscited by 1
  37. 2024Compression Robust Synthetic Speech Detection Using Patched Spectrogram Transformercited by 1
  38. 2024SVSNet+: Enhancing Speaker Voice Similarity Assessment Models with Representations from Speech Foundation Modelscited by 1

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