Learning Without Mixing: Towards A Sharp Analysis of Linear System Identification
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Abstract (arXiv)
We prove that the ordinary least-squares (OLS) estimator attains nearly minimax optimal performance for the identification of linear dynamical systems from a single observed trajectory. Our upper bound relies on a generalization of Mendelson's small-ball method to dependent data, eschewing the use of standard mixing-time arguments. Our lower bounds reveal that these upper bounds match up to logarithmic factors. In particular, we capture the correct signal-to-noise behavior of the problem, showing that more unstable linear systems are easier to estimate. This behavior is qualitatively different from arguments which rely on mixing-time calculations that suggest that unstable systems are more difficult to estimate. We generalize our technique to provide bounds for a more general class of linear response time-series.
Key facts. Cited by 158 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 22 Feb 2018.
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Citing papers per year: 2019: 1; 2020: 0; 2021: 26; 2022: 29; 2023: 36; 2024: 32; 2025: 15; 2026: 19.
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