IM2CAD
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Abstract (arXiv)
Given a single photo of a room and a large database of furniture CAD models, our goal is to reconstruct a scene that is as similar as possible to the scene depicted in the photograph, and composed of objects drawn from the database. We present a completely automatic system to address this IM2CAD problem that produces high quality results on challenging imagery from interior home design and remodeling websites. Our approach iteratively optimizes the placement and scale of objects in the room to best match scene renderings to the input photo, using image comparison metrics trained via deep convolutional neural nets. By operating jointly on the full scene at once, we account for inter-object occlusions. We also show the applicability of our method in standard scene understanding benchmarks where we obtain significant improvement.
Key facts. Cited by 78 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 18 Aug 2016.
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Citing papers per year: 2021: 15; 2022: 18; 2023: 19; 2024: 12; 2025: 10; 2026: 4.
78 papers.
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- 2021MonoScene: Monocular 3D Semantic Scene Completioncited by 357
- 2024MIDI: Multi-Instance Diffusion for Single Image to 3D Scene Generationcited by 113
- 2021Holistic 3D Scene Understanding from a Single Image with Implicit Representationcited by 94
- 2023NDC-Scene: Boost Monocular 3D Semantic Scene Completion in Normalized Device Coordinates Spacecited by 88
- 2025PartCrafter: Structured 3D Mesh Generation via Compositional Latent Diffusion Transformerscited by 78
- 20213D Semantic Scene Completion: a Surveycited by 74
- 2021ROCA: Robust CAD Model Retrieval and Alignment from a Single Imagecited by 66
- 2024Gen3DSR: Generalizable 3D Scene Reconstruction via Divide and Conquer from a Single Viewcited by 59
- 2022Human-Aware Object Placement for Visual Environment Reconstructioncited by 56
- 2022SceneRF: Self-Supervised Monocular 3D Scene Reconstruction with Radiance Fieldscited by 49
- 2023DiffCAD: Weakly-Supervised Probabilistic CAD Model Retrieval and Alignment from an RGB Imagecited by 48
- 2022Towards High-Fidelity Single-view Holistic Reconstruction of Indoor Scenescited by 43
38 more
- 2021Patch2CAD: Patchwise Embedding Learning for In-the-Wild Shape Retrieval from a Single Imagecited by 39
- 2021SAIL-VOS 3D: A Synthetic Dataset and Baselines for Object Detection and 3D Mesh Reconstruction from Video Datacited by 38
- 2023Single-view 3D Scene Reconstruction with High-fidelity Shape and Texturecited by 37
- 2021Single Image Depth Estimation: An Overviewcited by 35
- 2021DeepPanoContext: Panoramic 3D Scene Understanding with Holistic Scene Context Graph and Relation-based Optimizationcited by 33
- 2021RetrievalFuse: Neural 3D Scene Reconstruction with a Databasecited by 28
- 2022Compositional Scene Representation Learning via Reconstruction: A Surveycited by 27
- 2022Learning 3D Scene Priors with 2D Supervisioncited by 24
- 2023PSDR-Room: Single Photo to Scene using Differentiable Renderingcited by 23
- 2025DepR: Depth Guided Single-view Scene Reconstruction with Instance-level Diffusioncited by 23
- 2022PhotoScene: Photorealistic Material and Lighting Transfer for Indoor Scenescited by 22
- 2025CADDreamer: CAD Object Generation from Single-view Imagescited by 22
- 2025LiteReality: Graphics-Ready 3D Scene Reconstruction from RGB-D Scanscited by 21
- 2021Monte Carlo Scene Search for 3D Scene Understandingcited by 19
- 2022SPARC: Sparse Render-and-Compare for CAD model alignment in a single RGB imagecited by 19
- 2023PanoContext-Former: Panoramic Total Scene Understanding with a Transformercited by 19
- 2023SHARP Challenge 2023: Solving CAD History and pArameters Recovery from Point clouds and 3D scans. Overview, Datasets, Metrics, and Baselinescited by 19
- 2021Plan2Scene: Converting Floorplans to 3D Scenescited by 17
- 2022RayTran: 3D pose estimation and shape reconstruction of multiple objects from videos with ray-traced transformerscited by 17
- 2022Depth Map Decomposition for Monocular Depth Estimationcited by 16
- 2023ImGeoNet: Image-induced Geometry-aware Voxel Representation for Multi-view 3D Object Detectioncited by 14
- 2024Blox-Net: Generative Design-for-Robot-Assembly Using VLM Supervision, Physics Simulation, and a Robot with Resetcited by 14
- 20223D Room Layout Estimation from a Cubemap of Panorama Image via Deep Manhattan Hough Transformcited by 11
- 2022MonteBoxFinder: Detecting and Filtering Primitives to Fit a Noisy Point Cloudcited by 11
- 2024Diorama: Unleashing Zero-shot Single-view 3D Indoor Scene Modelingcited by 10
- 20263D-Fixer: Coarse-to-Fine In-place Completion for 3D Scenes from a Single Imagecited by 9
- 2023Generalizing Single-View 3D Shape Retrieval to Occlusions and Unseen Objectscited by 8
- 2024Coherent 3D Scene Diffusion From a Single RGB Imagecited by 8
- 2025FreeScene: Mixed Graph Diffusion for 3D Scene Synthesis from Free Promptscited by 8
- 2021What's Behind the Couch? Directed Ray Distance Functions (DRDF) for 3D Scene Reconstructioncited by 7
- 2022Neural Rendering in a Room: Amodal 3D Understanding and Free-Viewpoint Rendering for the Closed Scene Composed of Pre-Captured Objectscited by 7
- 2022A Deep Perceptual Measure for Lens and Camera Calibrationcited by 7
- 2023FS-Depth: Focal-and-Scale Depth Estimation from a Single Image in Unseen Indoor Scenecited by 7
- 2024Reconstructing Animals and the Wildcited by 7
- 2025Digital Twin Generation from Visual Data: A Surveycited by 7
- 2021MVLayoutNet:3D layout reconstruction with multi-view panoramascited by 6
- 20243DFIRES: Few Image 3D REconstruction for Scenes with Hidden Surfacecited by 6
- 2023Virtual Home Staging: Inverse Rendering and Editing an Indoor Panorama under Natural Illuminationcited by 5
50 most cited of 78 All 78 (JSON)
- 2026HIVE-3D: Hierarchical Voxel Enhancement for High-Quality 3D Scene Generation15 Jul 2026
- 2026GARDEN: Gravity-Aligned Reconstruction of Disentangled ENvironments from RGB images2 Jun 2026
- 20263D-Fixer: Coarse-to-Fine In-place Completion for 3D Scenes from a Single Image6 Apr 2026
- 2026MessyKitchens: Contact-rich object-level 3D scene reconstruction17 Mar 2026
- 2025DepR: Depth Guided Single-view Scene Reconstruction with Instance-level Diffusion30 Jul 2025
- 2025LiteReality: Graphics-Ready 3D Scene Reconstruction from RGB-D Scans3 Jul 2025
- 2025PartCrafter: Structured 3D Mesh Generation via Compositional Latent Diffusion Transformers5 Jun 2025
- 2025Perfecting Depth: Uncertainty-Aware Enhancement of Metric Depth5 Jun 2025
- 2025FreeScene: Mixed Graph Diffusion for 3D Scene Synthesis from Free Prompts3 Jun 2025
- 2025Digital Twin Generation from Visual Data: A Survey17 Apr 2025
- 2025Learning 3D Object Spatial Relationships from Pre-trained 2D Diffusion Models25 Mar 2025
- 2025Learning A Zero-shot Occupancy Network from Vision Foundation Models via Self-supervised Adaptation10 Mar 2025
38 more
- 2025CADDreamer: CAD Object Generation from Single-view Images28 Feb 2025
- 2025Glissando-Net: Deep sinGLe vIew category level poSe eStimation ANd 3D recOnstruction24 Jan 2025
- 2024Coherent 3D Scene Diffusion From a Single RGB Image13 Dec 2024
- 2024MIDI: Multi-Instance Diffusion for Single Image to 3D Scene Generation4 Dec 2024
- 2024Diorama: Unleashing Zero-shot Single-view 3D Indoor Scene Modeling29 Nov 2024
- 2024Reconstructing Animals and the Wild27 Nov 2024
- 2024CropCraft: Complete Structural Characterization of Crop Plants From Images14 Nov 2024
- 2024Blox-Net: Generative Design-for-Robot-Assembly Using VLM Supervision, Physics Simulation, and a Robot with Reset25 Sep 2024
- 2024Masked Spatial Propagation Network for Sparsity-Adaptive Depth Refinement30 Apr 2024
- 2024PyTorchGeoNodes: Enabling Differentiable Shape Programs for 3D Shape Reconstruction16 Apr 2024
- 2024Gen3DSR: Generalizable 3D Scene Reconstruction via Divide and Conquer from a Single View4 Apr 2024
- 2024DPA-Net: Structured 3D Abstraction from Sparse Views via Differentiable Primitive Assembly1 Apr 2024
- 2024Evaluating Panoramic 3D Estimation in Indoor Lighting Analysis21 Mar 2024
- 20243DFIRES: Few Image 3D REconstruction for Scenes with Hidden Surface13 Mar 2024
- 2023Generalizing Single-View 3D Shape Retrieval to Occlusions and Unseen Objects31 Dec 2023
- 2023Seg2Reg: Differentiable 2D Segmentation to 1D Regression Rendering for 360 Room Layout Reconstruction30 Nov 2023
- 2023DiffCAD: Weakly-Supervised Probabilistic CAD Model Retrieval and Alignment from an RGB Image30 Nov 2023
- 2023Virtual Home Staging: Inverse Rendering and Editing an Indoor Panorama under Natural Illumination21 Nov 2023
- 2023Single-view 3D Scene Reconstruction with High-fidelity Shape and Texture1 Nov 2023
- 2023Sparse Multi-Object Render-and-Compare17 Oct 2023
- 2023NDC-Scene: Boost Monocular 3D Semantic Scene Completion in Normalized Device Coordinates Space26 Sep 2023
- 2023Shape Anchor Guided Holistic Indoor Scene Understanding20 Sep 2023
- 2023HOC-Search: Efficient CAD Model and Pose Retrieval from RGB-D Scans12 Sep 2023
- 2023SHARP Challenge 2023: Solving CAD History and pArameters Recovery from Point clouds and 3D scans. Overview, Datasets, Metrics, and Baselines30 Aug 2023
- 2023ImGeoNet: Image-induced Geometry-aware Voxel Representation for Multi-view 3D Object Detection17 Aug 2023
- 2023FS-Depth: Focal-and-Scale Depth Estimation from a Single Image in Unseen Indoor Scene27 Jul 2023
- 2023PSDR-Room: Single Photo to Scene using Differentiable Rendering6 Jul 2023
- 2023Learning to Predict Scene-Level Implicit 3D from Posed RGBD Data14 Jun 2023
- 2023PanoContext-Former: Panoramic Total Scene Understanding with a Transformer21 May 2023
- 2023Shape-Net: Room Layout Estimation from Panoramic Images Robust to Occlusion using Knowledge Distillation with 3D Shapes as Additional Inputs25 Apr 2023
- 2023Explicit3D: Graph Network with Spatial Inference for Single Image 3D Object Detection13 Feb 2023
- 2023Structured Generative Models for Scene Understanding7 Feb 2023
- 2023Deep Learning from Parametrically Generated Virtual Buildings for Real-World Object Recognition3 Jan 2023
- 2022SceneRF: Self-Supervised Monocular 3D Scene Reconstruction with Radiance Fields5 Dec 2022
- 2022Review on 6D Object Pose Estimation with the focus on Indoor Scene Understanding4 Dec 2022
- 2022Learning 3D Scene Priors with 2D Supervision25 Nov 2022
- 2022Recursive Cross-View: Use Only 2D Detectors to Achieve 3D Object Detection without 3D Annotations14 Nov 2022
- 2022Seg&Struct: The Interplay Between Part Segmentation and Structure Inference for 3D Shape Parsing1 Nov 2022
50 newest of 78 All 78 (JSON)
- 2024MIDI: Multi-Instance Diffusion for Single Image to 3D Scene Generationcited by 113
- 2025PartCrafter: Structured 3D Mesh Generation via Compositional Latent Diffusion Transformerscited by 78
- 2025DepR: Depth Guided Single-view Scene Reconstruction with Instance-level Diffusioncited by 23
- 2025CADDreamer: CAD Object Generation from Single-view Imagescited by 22
- 2025Learning 3D Object Spatial Relationships from Pre-trained 2D Diffusion Modelscited by 5
- 2025DepR: Depth Guided Single-view Scene Reconstruction with Instance-level Diffusion30 Jul 2025
- 2025PartCrafter: Structured 3D Mesh Generation via Compositional Latent Diffusion Transformers5 Jun 2025
- 2025Learning 3D Object Spatial Relationships from Pre-trained 2D Diffusion Models25 Mar 2025
- 2025CADDreamer: CAD Object Generation from Single-view Images28 Feb 2025
- 2024MIDI: Multi-Instance Diffusion for Single Image to 3D Scene Generation4 Dec 2024
- 2021MonoScene: Monocular 3D Semantic Scene Completioncited by 357
- 2021Holistic 3D Scene Understanding from a Single Image with Implicit Representationcited by 94
- 2023NDC-Scene: Boost Monocular 3D Semantic Scene Completion in Normalized Device Coordinates Spacecited by 88
- 20213D Semantic Scene Completion: a Surveycited by 74
- 2021ROCA: Robust CAD Model Retrieval and Alignment from a Single Imagecited by 66
- 2024Gen3DSR: Generalizable 3D Scene Reconstruction via Divide and Conquer from a Single Viewcited by 59
- 2022Human-Aware Object Placement for Visual Environment Reconstructioncited by 56
- 2022SceneRF: Self-Supervised Monocular 3D Scene Reconstruction with Radiance Fieldscited by 49
- 2023DiffCAD: Weakly-Supervised Probabilistic CAD Model Retrieval and Alignment from an RGB Imagecited by 48
- 2022Towards High-Fidelity Single-view Holistic Reconstruction of Indoor Scenescited by 43
- 2021Patch2CAD: Patchwise Embedding Learning for In-the-Wild Shape Retrieval from a Single Imagecited by 39
- 2021SAIL-VOS 3D: A Synthetic Dataset and Baselines for Object Detection and 3D Mesh Reconstruction from Video Datacited by 38
12 most cited of 73 All 73 (JSON)
- 2026HIVE-3D: Hierarchical Voxel Enhancement for High-Quality 3D Scene Generation15 Jul 2026
- 2026GARDEN: Gravity-Aligned Reconstruction of Disentangled ENvironments from RGB images2 Jun 2026
- 20263D-Fixer: Coarse-to-Fine In-place Completion for 3D Scenes from a Single Image6 Apr 2026
- 2026MessyKitchens: Contact-rich object-level 3D scene reconstruction17 Mar 2026
- 2025LiteReality: Graphics-Ready 3D Scene Reconstruction from RGB-D Scans3 Jul 2025
- 2025Perfecting Depth: Uncertainty-Aware Enhancement of Metric Depth5 Jun 2025
- 2025FreeScene: Mixed Graph Diffusion for 3D Scene Synthesis from Free Prompts3 Jun 2025
- 2025Digital Twin Generation from Visual Data: A Survey17 Apr 2025
- 2025Learning A Zero-shot Occupancy Network from Vision Foundation Models via Self-supervised Adaptation10 Mar 2025
- 2025Glissando-Net: Deep sinGLe vIew category level poSe eStimation ANd 3D recOnstruction24 Jan 2025
- 2024Coherent 3D Scene Diffusion From a Single RGB Image13 Dec 2024
- 2024Diorama: Unleashing Zero-shot Single-view 3D Indoor Scene Modeling29 Nov 2024
12 newest of 73 All 73 (JSON)