mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

Registers Matter for Pixel-Space Diffusion Transformers

arXiv 2605.16147 ↗First posted 15 May 2026cs.CVcited by 2

On the map: Diffusion models → Diffusion foundations and sampling

Abstract (arXiv)

Vision Transformers (ViTs) are known to exhibit high-norm patch-token outliers that degrade feature map quality, a problem effectively mitigated by register tokens. As diffusion models increasingly adopt transformer architectures and move toward pixel-space training, they become closer in form to ViTs, raising the question of whether register tokens are also useful for Diffusion Transformers (DiTs). In this work, we show that DiTs differ from ViTs in a key respect: they do not exhibit patch-token outliers but still benefit from registers. Interestingly, registers are more effective in pixel-space DiTs than in latent-space DiTs. By analyzing intermediate representations, we find that register tokens produce cleaner feature maps at high noise levels, which may contribute to their effectiveness in pixel-space generation. We further observe that recent pixel-space DiT architectures implicitly incorporate register-like mechanisms, which may partially account for their strong empirical performance. Motivated by these observations, we propose Register Guidance, a technique that amplifies the contribution of register tokens responsible for improving visual structure and coherence.

Key facts. Cited by 2 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in Diffusion foundations and sampling, one of 14 directions in Diffusion models. Builds on 66 of its 74 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 15 May 2026.

Builds on

66 of 74 references.

Closest ancestors · 21

Same direction, newest first

  1. 2026Representation Alignment for Just Image Transformers is not Easier than You Think15 Mar
  2. 2026Latent Forcing: Reordering the Diffusion Trajectory for Pixel-Space Image Generation11 Feb
  3. 2025Guiding a Diffusion Transformer with the Internal Dynamics of Itself30 Dec
  4. 2025Z-Image: An Efficient Image Generation Foundation Model with Single-Stream Diffusion Transformer27 Nov
  5. 2025PixelDiT: Pixel Diffusion Transformers for Image Generation25 Nov
  6. 2025Diffusion Transformers with Representation Autoencoders13 Oct
  7. 2025No Alignment Needed for Generation: Learning Linearly Separable Representations in Diffusion Models25 Sep
  8. 2025PixNerd: Pixel Neural Field Diffusion31 Jul
  9. 2025Reconstruction vs. Generation: Taming Optimization Dilemma in Latent Diffusion Models2 Jan
  10. 2024Representation Alignment for Generation: Training Diffusion Transformers Is Easier Than You Think9 Oct
  11. 2024Guiding a Diffusion Model with a Bad Version of Itself4 Jun
  12. 2024Applying Guidance in a Limited Interval Improves Sample and Distribution Quality in Diffusion Models11 Apr
9 more
  1. 2024Scaling Rectified Flow Transformers for High-Resolution Image Synthesis5 Mar
  2. 2024SiT: Exploring Flow and Diffusion-based Generative Models with Scalable Interpolant Transformers16 Jan
  3. 2023SDXL: Improving Latent Diffusion Models for High-Resolution Image Synthesis4 Jul
  4. 2023Understanding Diffusion Objectives as the ELBO with Simple Data Augmentation1 Mar
  5. 2022Scalable Diffusion Models with Transformers19 Dec
  6. 2022Classifier-Free Diffusion Guidance26 Jul
  7. 2021High-Resolution Image Synthesis with Latent Diffusion Models20 Dec
  8. 2021Diffusion Models Beat GANs on Image Synthesis11 May
  9. 2020Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Models19 Jun

Other references · 45

  1. 2017Attention Is All You Needcited by 59,932
  2. 2020An Image is Worth 16x16 Words: Transformers for Image Recognition at Scalecited by 29,915
  3. 2015U-Net: Convolutional Networks for Biomedical Image Segmentationcited by 19,604
  4. 2021Swin Transformer: Hierarchical Vision Transformer using Shifted Windowscited by 12,082
  5. 2023DINOv2: Learning Robust Visual Features without Supervisioncited by 7,764
  6. 2021Emerging Properties in Self-Supervised Vision Transformerscited by 6,893
  7. 2022Flow Matching for Generative Modelingcited by 5,426
  8. 2020Training data-efficient image transformers & distillation through attentioncited by 4,560
  9. 2019Generative Modeling by Estimating Gradients of the Data Distributioncited by 4,067
  10. 2023Efficient Streaming Language Models with Attention Sinkscited by 2,115
  11. 2025DINOv3cited by 1,297
  12. 2025Qwen-Image Technical Reportcited by 973
33 more
  1. 2023Stochastic Interpolants: A Unifying Framework for Flows and Diffusionscited by 897
  2. 2023Vision Transformers Need Registerscited by 844
  3. 2025Mean Flows for One-step Generative Modelingcited by 524
  4. 2021Deep ViT Features as Dense Visual Descriptorscited by 327
  5. 2024Massive Activations in Large Language Modelscited by 277
  6. 2025Gated Attention for Large Language Models: Non-linearity, Sparsity, and Attention-Sink-Freecited by 266
  7. 2022Unsupervised Semantic Segmentation by Distilling Feature Correspondencescited by 241
  8. 2021Localizing Objects with Self-Supervised Transformers and no Labelscited by 227
  9. 2025Rolling Forcing: Autoregressive Long Video Diffusion in Real Timecited by 209
  10. 2024When Attention Sink Emerges in Language Models: An Empirical Viewcited by 200
  11. 2022TokenCut: Segmenting Objects in Images and Videos with Self-supervised Transformer and Normalized Cutcited by 111
  12. 2025Improved Mean Flows: On the Challenges of Fastforward Generative Modelscited by 102
  13. 2025PixelFlow: Pixel-Space Generative Models with Flowcited by 91
  14. 2025What matters for Representation Alignment: Global Information or Spatial Structure?cited by 76
  15. 2025Deep Forcing: Training-Free Long Video Generation with Deep Sink and Participative Compressioncited by 72
  16. 2025MotionStream: Real-Time Video Generation with Interactive Motion Controlscited by 71
  17. 2026One-step Latent-free Image Generation with Pixel Mean Flowscited by 49
  18. 2024Towards Understanding the Working Mechanism of Text-to-Image Diffusion Modelcited by 48
  19. 2025Vision Transformers Don't Need Trained Registerscited by 39
  20. 2025Systematic Outliers in Large Language Modelscited by 32
  21. 2025Unleashing Diffusion Transformers for Visual Correspondence by Modulating Massive Activationscited by 20
  22. 2024SINDER: Repairing the Singular Defects of DINOv2cited by 18
  23. 2025Attention Sinks in Diffusion Language Modelscited by 18
  24. 2025Interpreting the Repeated Token Phenomenon in Large Language Modelscited by 15
  25. 2025Analysis of Attention in Video Diffusion Transformerscited by 15
  26. 2026Vision Transformers Need More Than Registerscited by 14
  27. 2025Padding Tone: A Mechanistic Analysis of Padding Tokens in T2I Modelscited by 12
  28. 2025Vision Transformers with Self-Distilled Registerscited by 12
  29. 2026Attention Sink in Transformers: A Survey on Utilization, Interpretation, and Mitigationcited by 9
  30. 2025Register and [CLS] tokens yield a decoupling of local and global features in large ViTscited by 8
  31. 2025Massive Activations are the Key to Local Detail Synthesis in Diffusion Transformerscited by 7
  32. 2026Revisiting [CLS] and Patch Token Interaction in Vision Transformerscited by 4
  33. 2026One Token Is Enough: Improving Diffusion Language Models with a Sink Tokencited by 2

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Cited by year (2026 to 7 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2026: 2.

2 papers.

Similar, not cited

Close in wording, no citation either way

  1. 2026Taming Outlier Tokens in Diffusion Transformers
  2. 2026Pixel-Space Diffusion Transformers
  3. 2026When Geometry Aligns: Dihedral Hidden-State Transformations in UNet, ViT, and DiT Architectures
  4. 2025Positional Encoding Field
  5. 2024An Image is Worth More Than 16x16 Patches: Exploring Transformers on Individual Pixels
  6. 2026Persistence Forcing: Exploiting Feature Specialization in Pixel-Space Diffusion
  7. 2026PixelDiT2: Representation-Grounded Pixel Diffusion Transformers
  8. 2025Exploring Diffusion Transformer Designs via Grafting