CADFS: A Big CAD Program Dataset and Framework for Computer-Aided Design with Large Language Models
On the map: Multimodal LLMs / vision-language models → Chart understanding and anomaly detection
Abstract (arXiv)
We introduce CADFS, a data-centric framework that enables large vision-language models to generate complex CAD design histories. Existing generative CAD systems are restricted to sketch-extrude operations due to simplified representations and limited datasets. We address this by introducing a FeatureScript-based representation and constructing a dataset of 450k real-world CAD models spanning 15 modeling operations. We obtain the dataset via a new pipeline that reconstructs clean, executable FeatureScript programs and provides multimodal annotations. Fine-tuning a VLM on this representation yields state-of-the-art results in text-conditioned CAD generation and image-based reconstruction, producing more accurate, diverse, and feature-rich designs than prior frameworks. Ablations show that each individual component of our framework, i.e., the FeatureScript representation, the extended operation set, and representation-aligned textual descriptions, significantly improves performance. Our framework substantially broadens the complexity and realism achievable in generative CAD. The CADFS framework and the new dataset are available at https://voyleg.github.io/cadfs/.
Key facts. Cited by 5 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Placed in Chart understanding and anomaly detection, one of 16 directions in Multimodal LLMs / vision-language models. Builds on 31 of its 45 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 3 May 2026.
Builds on
31 of 45 references.
References · 31
- 2024Qwen2-VL: Enhancing Vision-Language Model's Perception of the World at Any Resolutioncited by 4,234
- 2023FlashAttention-2: Faster Attention with Better Parallelism and Work Partitioningcited by 2,598
- 2024Structured 3D Latents for Scalable and Versatile 3D Generationcited by 770
- 2018PartNet: A Large-scale Benchmark for Fine-grained and Hierarchical Part-level 3D Object Understandingcited by 526
- 2018ABC: A Big CAD Model Dataset For Geometric Deep Learningcited by 341
- 2021DeepCAD: A Deep Generative Network for Computer-Aided Design Modelscited by 271
- 2024Liger Kernel: Efficient Triton Kernels for LLM Trainingcited by 130
- 2022SkexGen: Autoregressive Generation of CAD Construction Sequences with Disentangled Codebookscited by 125
- 2024BrepGen: A B-rep Generative Diffusion Model with Structured Latent Geometrycited by 103
- 2023Hierarchical Neural Coding for Controllable CAD Model Generationcited by 86
- 2024CAD-MLLM: Unifying Multimodality-Conditioned CAD Generation With MLLMcited by 81
- 2025CAD-Llama: Leveraging Large Language Models for Computer-Aided Design Parametric 3D Model Generationcited by 67
19 more
- 2024CAD-Recode: Reverse Engineering CAD Code from Point Cloudscited by 66
- 2024Generating CAD Code with Vision-Language Models for 3D Designscited by 62
- 2025CAD-Coder: Text-to-CAD Generation with Chain-of-Thought and Geometric Rewardcited by 56
- 2025Text-to-CAD Generation Through Infusing Visual Feedback in Large Language Modelscited by 47
- 2023SECAD-Net: Self-Supervised CAD Reconstruction by Learning Sketch-Extrude Operationscited by 46
- 2025Text-to-CadQuery: A New Paradigm for CAD Generation with Scalable Large Model Capabilitiescited by 43
- 2025CAD-Coder: An Open-Source Vision-Language Model for Computer-Aided Design Code Generationcited by 43
- 2024GenCAD: Image-Conditioned Computer-Aided Design Generation with Transformer-Based Contrastive Representation and Diffusion Priorscited by 38
- 2024Img2CAD: Reverse Engineering 3D CAD Models from Images through VLM-Assisted Conditional Factorizationcited by 35
- 2022CADOps-Net: Jointly Learning CAD Operation Types and Steps from Boundary-Representationscited by 31
- 2024TransCAD: A Hierarchical Transformer for CAD Sequence Inference from Point Cloudscited by 29
- 2025CADDreamer: CAD Object Generation from Single-view Imagescited by 25
- 2019'Zhores' -- Petaflops supercomputer for data-driven modeling, machine learning and artificial intelligence installed in Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technologycited by 23
- 2021PvDeConv: Point-Voxel Deconvolution for Autoencoding CAD Construction in 3Dcited by 20
- 2025cadrille: Multi-modal CAD Reconstruction with Reinforcement Learningcited by 16
- 2025VideoCAD: A Dataset and Model for Learning Long-Horizon 3D CAD UI Interactions from Videocited by 10
- 2024Don't Mesh with Me: Generating Constructive Solid Geometry Instead of Meshes by Fine-Tuning a Code-Generation LLMcited by 6
- 2025CMT: A Cascade MAR with Topology Predictor for Multimodal Conditional CAD Generationcited by 6
- 2026Mamba-CAD: State Space Model For 3D Computer-Aided Design Generative Modelingcited by 3
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2026: 5.
5 papers.
- 2026FllumaOne: A Code-Native Multimodal CAD Dataset with Executable Programs and Kernel-Validated Feature Historiescited by 1
- 2026CADENA: Stepwise CAD Reverse Engineeringcited by 1
- 2026CADForge: Agentic Single-View CAD Reconstruction with Explicit Geometry Reasoningcited by 1
- 2026Arko-T: A Foundation Model for Text-to-Structured 3D Generationcited by 0
- 2026Vision2CAD: A Visual Agent Harness for Explicit Geometry Referencing and Localization in Parametric CAD Modelingcited by 0
- 2026CADForge: Agentic Single-View CAD Reconstruction with Explicit Geometry Reasoning3 Oct 2026
- 2026Vision2CAD: A Visual Agent Harness for Explicit Geometry Referencing and Localization in Parametric CAD Modeling19 Sep 2026
- 2026CADENA: Stepwise CAD Reverse Engineering1 Aug 2026
- 2026Arko-T: A Foundation Model for Text-to-Structured 3D Generation29 Jun 2026
- 2026FllumaOne: A Code-Native Multimodal CAD Dataset with Executable Programs and Kernel-Validated Feature Histories16 Jun 2026
Similar, not cited
Close in wording, no citation either way
- 2024CadVLM: Bridging Language and Vision in the Generation of Parametric CAD Sketches
- 2026CADBench: A Multimodal Benchmark for AI-Assisted CAD Program Generation
- 2026Zero-to-CAD: Agentic Synthesis of Interpretable CAD Programs at Million-Scale Without Real Data
- 2025CAD-Editor: A Locate-then-Infill Framework with Automated Training Data Synthesis for Text-Based CAD Editing
- 2026Foundation Models for Automatic CAD Generation
- 2025CADKnitter: Compositional CAD Generation from Text and Geometry Guidance
- 2026Pointer-CAD: Unifying B-Rep and Command Sequences via Pointer-based Edges & Faces Selection
- 2025EvoCAD: Evolutionary CAD Code Generation with Vision Language Models