mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

Clover: A Neural-Symbolic Agentic Harness with Stochastic Tree-of-Thoughts for Verified RTL Repair

arXiv 2604.17288 ↗First posted 19 Apr 2026cs.AR cs.AIcited by 1

On the map: LLM reasoning → Reasoning for agents, planning and code

also in 1 more
Abstract (arXiv)

RTL program repair remains a critical bottleneck in hardware design and verification. Traditional automatic program repair (APR) methods rely on predefined templates and synthesis, limiting their bug coverage. Large language models (LLMs) and coding agents based on them offer flexibility but suffer from randomness and context corruption when handling long RTL code and waveforms. We present Clover, a neural-symbolic agentic harness that orchestrates RTL repair as a structured search over code manipulations to explore a validated solution for the bug. Recognizing that different repair operations favor distinct strategies, Clover dynamically dispatches tasks to specialized LLM agents or symbolic solvers. At its core, Clover introduces stochastic tree-of-thoughts, a test-time scaling mechanism that manages the main agent's context as a search tree, balancing exploration and exploitation for reliable outcomes. An RTL-specific toolbox further empowers agents to interact with the debugging environment. Evaluated on the RTL-repair benchmark, Clover fixes 96.8% of bugs within a fixed time limit, covering 94% and 63% more bugs than both pure traditional and LLM-based baselines, respectively, while achieving an average pass@1 rate of 87.5%, demonstrating high reliability and effectiveness.

Key facts. Cited by 1 paper in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Placed in Reasoning for agents, planning and code, one of 17 directions in LLM reasoning. Builds on 9 of its 30 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 19 Apr 2026.

Builds on

9 of 30 references.

Closest ancestors · 1

Same direction, newest first

  1. 2025S*: Test Time Scaling for Code Generation20 Feb

Other references · 8

  1. 2022Self-Consistency Improves Chain of Thought Reasoning in Language Modelscited by 5,708
  2. 2025A Survey on Test-Time Scaling in Large Language Models: What, How, Where, and How Well?cited by 223
  3. 2025A Survey of Context Engineering for Large Language Modelscited by 126
  4. 2023RTLFixer: Automatically Fixing RTL Syntax Errors with Large Language Modelscited by 100
  5. 2024HDLdebugger: Streamlining HDL debugging with Large Language Modelscited by 26
  6. 2024UVLLM: An Automated Universal RTL Verification Framework using LLMscited by 17
  7. 2024Location is Key: Leveraging Large Language Model for Functional Bug Localization in Verilogcited by 10
  8. 2025CMCTS: A Constrained Monte Carlo Tree Search Framework for Mathematical Reasoning in Large Language Modelcited by 9

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Cited by year (2026 to 14 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2026: 1.

1 paper.

Similar, not cited

Close in wording, no citation either way

  1. 2025R3A: Reliable RTL Repair Framework with Multi-Agent Fault Localization and Stochastic Tree-of-Thoughts Patch Generation
  2. 2026Open-Source LLM-Driven Formal Verification: A Multi-Agent Pipeline for RTL Repair
  3. 2026ACE-RTL: When Agentic Context Evolution Meets RTL-Specialized LLMs
  4. 2026MechMem-RTL: Reusing Verified Mechanism Memories for LLM-Based RTL Repair ↗
  5. 2024MAGE: A Multi-Agent Engine for Automated RTL Code Generation
  6. 2026ChipCraftBrain: Validation-First RTL Generation via Multi-Agent Orchestration
  7. 2026Don't Regenerate, Debug: A Domain-Specific Agent for Repairing Near-Miss Hardware Operators
  8. 2025Comprehensive Verilog Design Problems: A Next-Generation Benchmark Dataset for Evaluating Large Language Models and Agents on RTL Design and Verification