mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

Not All Agents Matter: From Global Attention Dilution to Risk-Prioritized Game Planning

arXiv 2604.05449 ↗First posted 7 Apr 2026cs.CVcited by 1

On the map: End-to-end autonomous driving → End-to-end system architecture

Abstract (arXiv)

End-to-end autonomous driving resides not in the integration of perception and planning, but rather in the dynamic multi-agent game within a unified representation space. Most existing end-to-end models treat all agents equally, hindering the decoupling of real collision threats from complex backgrounds. To address this issue, We introduce the concept of Risk-Prioritized Game Planning, and propose GameAD, a novel framework that models end-to-end autonomous driving as a risk-aware game problem. The GameAD integrates Risk-Aware Topology Anchoring, Strategic Payload Adapter, Minimax Risk-Aware Sparse Attention, and Risk Consistent Equilibrium Stabilization to enable game theoretic decision making with risk prioritized interactions. We also present the Planning Risk Exposure metric, which quantifies the cumulative risk intensity of planned trajectories over a long horizon for safe autonomous driving. Extensive experiments on the nuScenes and Bench2Drive datasets show that our approach significantly outperforms state-of-the-art methods, especially in terms of trajectory safety.

Key facts. Cited by 1 paper in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Placed in End-to-end system architecture, one of 9 directions in End-to-end autonomous driving. Builds on 37 of its 42 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 7 Apr 2026.

Builds on

37 of 42 references.

Closest ancestors · 8

Same direction, newest first

  1. 2025Don't Shake the Wheel: Momentum-Aware Planning in End-to-End Autonomous Driving5 Mar
  2. 2024Bench2Drive: Towards Multi-Ability Benchmarking of Closed-Loop End-To-End Autonomous Driving6 Jun
  3. 2024SparseDrive: End-to-End Autonomous Driving via Sparse Scene Representation30 May
  4. 2024SparseAD: Sparse Query-Centric Paradigm for Efficient End-to-End Autonomous Driving10 Apr
  5. 2023Is Ego Status All You Need for Open-Loop End-to-End Autonomous Driving?5 Dec
  6. 2023End-to-end Autonomous Driving: Challenges and Frontiers29 Jun
  7. 2022ST-P3: End-to-end Vision-based Autonomous Driving via Spatial-Temporal Feature Learning15 Jul
  8. 2021Multi-Modal Fusion Transformer for End-to-End Autonomous Driving19 Apr

Other references · 29

  1. 2015Deep Residual Learning for Image Recognitioncited by 52,096
  2. 2016SGDR: Stochastic Gradient Descent with Warm Restartscited by 5,045
  3. 2019nuScenes: A multimodal dataset for autonomous drivingcited by 4,523
  4. 2022BEVFormer: Learning Bird's-Eye-View Representation from Multi-Camera Images via Spatiotemporal Transformerscited by 1,218
  5. 2020Center-based 3D Object Detection and Trackingcited by 1,144
  6. 2022Planning-oriented Autonomous Drivingcited by 1,087
  7. 2020Lift, Splat, Shoot: Encoding Images From Arbitrary Camera Rigs by Implicitly Unprojecting to 3Dcited by 1,044
  8. 2022BEVFusion: Multi-Task Multi-Sensor Fusion with Unified Bird's-Eye View Representationcited by 850
  9. 2021BEVDet: High-performance Multi-camera 3D Object Detection in Bird-Eye-Viewcited by 713
  10. 2023VAD: Vectorized Scene Representation for Efficient Autonomous Drivingcited by 622
  11. 2021TrackFormer: Multi-Object Tracking with Transformerscited by 518
  12. 2021MOTR: End-to-End Multiple-Object Tracking with Transformercited by 381
17 more
  1. 2022BEVDet4D: Exploit Temporal Cues in Multi-camera 3D Object Detectioncited by 341
  2. 2023Exploring Object-Centric Temporal Modeling for Efficient Multi-View 3D Object Detectioncited by 315
  3. 2022MapTR: Structured Modeling and Learning for Online Vectorized HD Map Constructioncited by 314
  4. 2021HDMapNet: An Online HD Map Construction and Evaluation Frameworkcited by 281
  5. 2022Motion Transformer with Global Intention Localization and Local Movement Refinementcited by 270
  6. 2022VectorMapNet: End-to-end Vectorized HD Map Learningcited by 245
  7. 2023Parting with Misconceptions about Learning-based Vehicle Motion Planningcited by 242
  8. 2024GenAD: Generative End-to-End Autonomous Drivingcited by 225
  9. 2022Sparse4D: Multi-view 3D Object Detection with Sparse Spatial-Temporal Fusioncited by 162
  10. 2023GameFormer: Game-theoretic Modeling and Learning of Transformer-based Interactive Prediction and Planning for Autonomous Drivingcited by 141
  11. 2023MTR++: Multi-Agent Motion Prediction with Symmetric Scene Modeling and Guided Intention Queryingcited by 140
  12. 2022ViP3D: End-to-end Visual Trajectory Prediction via 3D Agent Queriescited by 117
  13. 2023Sparse4D v2: Recurrent Temporal Fusion with Sparse Modelcited by 93
  14. 2025Bridging Past and Future: End-to-End Autonomous Driving with Historical Prediction and Planningcited by 48
  15. 2025Trajectory Mamba: Efficient Attention-Mamba Forecasting Model Based on Selective SSMcited by 18
  16. 2024DeMo: Decoupling Motion Forecasting into Directional Intentions and Dynamic Statescited by 17
  17. 2024PPT: Pretraining with Pseudo-Labeled Trajectories for Motion Forecastingcited by 2

Built on by

Cited by year (2026 to 14 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2026: 1.

1 paper.

Similar, not cited

Close in wording, no citation either way

  1. 2022Game-Theoretic Planning for Autonomous Driving among Risk-Aware Human Drivers
  2. 2025Risk Map As Middleware: Towards Interpretable Cooperative End-to-end Autonomous Driving for Risk-Aware Planning
  3. 2025Driving is a Game: Combining Planning and Prediction with Bayesian Iterative Best Response
  4. 2021Safe Occlusion-aware Autonomous Driving via Game-Theoretic Active Perception
  5. 2026READ: Learning Risk-Informed Fields for End-to-End Autonomous Driving
  6. 2024TrafficGamer: Reliable and Flexible Traffic Simulation for Safety-Critical Scenarios with Game-Theoretic Oracles
  7. 2025Risk-Aware Reinforcement Learning for Autonomous Driving: Improving Safety When Driving through Intersection
  8. 2026Risk-Aware Occupancy for Safety-Oriented End-to-End Autonomous Driving