mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

CUA-Suite: Massive Human-annotated Video Demonstrations for Computer-Use Agents

arXiv 2603.24440 ↗First posted 25 Mar 2026cs.LG cs.AI cs.CVcited by 3

On the map: LLM agents and tool use → GUI and mobile agents

Abstract (arXiv)

Computer-use agents (CUAs) hold great promise for automating complex desktop workflows, yet progress toward general-purpose agents is bottlenecked by the scarcity of continuous, high-quality human demonstration videos. Recent work emphasizes that continuous video, not sparse screenshots, is the critical missing ingredient for scaling these agents. However, the largest existing open dataset, ScaleCUA, contains only 2 million screenshots, equating to less than 20 hours of video. To address this bottleneck, we introduce CUA-Suite, a large-scale ecosystem of expert video demonstrations and dense annotations for professional desktop computer-use agents. At its core is VideoCUA, which provides approximately 10,000 human-demonstrated tasks across 87 diverse applications with continuous 30 fps screen recordings, kinematic cursor traces, and multi-layerfed reasoning annotations, totaling approximately 55 hours and 6 million frames of expert video. Unlike sparse datasets that capture only final click coordinates, these continuous video streams preserve the full temporal dynamics of human interaction, forming a superset of information that can be losslessly transformed into the formats required by existing agent frameworks. CUA-Suite further provides two complementary resources: UI-Vision, a rigorous benchmark for evaluating grounding and planning capabilities in CUAs, and GroundCUA, a large-scale grounding dataset with 56K annotated screenshots and over 3.6 million UI element annotations. Preliminary evaluation reveals that current foundation action models struggle substantially with professional desktop applications (~60% task failure rate). Beyond evaluation, CUA-Suite's rich multimodal corpus supports emerging research directions including generalist screen parsing, continuous spatial control, video-based reward modeling, and visual world models. All data and models are publicly released.

Key facts. Cited by 3 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in GUI and mobile agents, one of 16 directions in LLM agents and tool use. Builds on 46 of its 67 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 25 Mar 2026.

Builds on

46 of 67 references.

Closest ancestors · 22

Same direction, newest first

  1. 2026Video-Based Reward Modeling for Computer-Use Agents10 Mar
  2. 2026Code2World: A GUI World Model via Renderable Code Generation10 Feb
  3. 2026Generative Visual Code Mobile World Models2 Feb
  4. 2025MAI-UI Technical Report: Real-World Centric Foundation GUI Agents26 Dec
  5. 2025VenusBench-GD: A Comprehensive Multi-Platform GUI Benchmark for Diverse Grounding Tasks18 Dec
  6. 2025Grounding Computer Use Agents on Human Demonstrations10 Nov
  7. 2025UI-Venus Technical Report: Building High-performance UI Agents with RFT14 Aug
  8. 2025Phi-Ground Tech Report: Advancing Perception in GUI Grounding31 Jul
  9. 2025Scaling Computer-Use Grounding via User Interface Decomposition and Synthesis19 May
  10. 2025InfiGUI-R1: Advancing Multimodal GUI Agents from Reactive Actors to Deliberative Reasoners19 Apr
  11. 2025TongUI: Internet-Scale Trajectories from Multimodal Web Tutorials for Generalized GUI Agents17 Apr
  12. 2025UI-TARS: Pioneering Automated GUI Interaction with Native Agents21 Jan
10 more
  1. 2024OS-Genesis: Automating GUI Agent Trajectory Construction via Reverse Task Synthesis27 Dec
  2. 2024OS-ATLAS: A Foundation Action Model for Generalist GUI Agents30 Oct
  3. 2024Agent S: An Open Agentic Framework that Uses Computers Like a Human10 Oct
  4. 2024Navigating the Digital World as Humans Do: Universal Visual Grounding for GUI Agents7 Oct
  5. 2024AMEX: Android Multi-annotation Expo Dataset for Mobile GUI Agents3 Jul
  6. 2024GUICourse: From General Vision Language Models to Versatile GUI Agents17 Jun
  7. 2024OSWorld: Benchmarking Multimodal Agents for Open-Ended Tasks in Real Computer Environments11 Apr
  8. 2024OmniACT: A Dataset and Benchmark for Enabling Multimodal Generalist Autonomous Agents for Desktop and Web27 Feb
  9. 2024SeeClick: Harnessing GUI Grounding for Advanced Visual GUI Agents17 Jan
  10. 2023CogAgent: A Visual Language Model for GUI Agents14 Dec

Other references · 24

  1. 2025Qwen3-VL Technical Reportcited by 2,534
  2. 2023WebArena: A Realistic Web Environment for Building Autonomous Agentscited by 1,908
  3. 2024AndroidWorld: A Dynamic Benchmarking Environment for Autonomous Agentscited by 450
  4. 2023Android in the Wild: A Large-Scale Dataset for Android Device Controlcited by 314
  5. 2024Aguvis: Unified Pure Vision Agents for Autonomous GUI Interactioncited by 271
  6. 2024OmniParser for Pure Vision Based GUI Agentcited by 193
  7. 2024GUIOdyssey: A Comprehensive Dataset for Cross-App GUI Navigation on Mobile Devicescited by 190
  8. 2024Is Your LLM Secretly a World Model of the Internet? Model-Based Planning for Web Agentscited by 144
  9. 2024Aria-UI: Visual Grounding for GUI Instructionscited by 136
  10. 2021UIBert: Learning Generic Multimodal Representations for UI Understandingcited by 93
  11. 2025PaddleOCR-VL: Boosting Multilingual Document Parsing via a 0.9B Ultra-Compact Vision-Language Modelcited by 84
  12. 2025UI-Vision: A Desktop-centric GUI Benchmark for Visual Perception and Interactioncited by 68
12 more
  1. 2025Paper2Poster: Towards Multimodal Poster Automation from Scientific Paperscited by 56
  2. 2024GUI-World: A Video Benchmark and Dataset for Multimodal GUI-oriented Understandingcited by 42
  3. 2025ViMo: A Generative Visual GUI World Model for App Agentscited by 33
  4. 2025InfiGUI-G1: Advancing GUI Grounding with Adaptive Exploration Policy Optimizationcited by 24
  5. 2025NeuralOS: Towards Simulating Operating Systems via Neural Generative Modelscited by 17
  6. 2026Computer-Using World Modelcited by 16
  7. 2025Learning GUI Grounding with Spatial Reasoning from Visual Feedbackcited by 12
  8. 2025WinClick: GUI Grounding with Multimodal Large Language Modelscited by 11
  9. 2025GUI-ARP: Enhancing Grounding with Adaptive Region Perception for GUI Agentscited by 10
  10. 2026ScreenParse: Moving Beyond Sparse Grounding with Complete Screen Parsing Supervisioncited by 4
  11. 2025Enhancing Trustworthy GUI Grounding via Self-Critiqued Reinforcement Learningcited by 3
  12. 2025Screen2AX: Vision-Based Approach for Automatic macOS Accessibility Generationcited by 1

Built on by

Cited by year (2026 to 7 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2026: 3.

3 papers.

Similar, not cited

Close in wording, no citation either way

  1. 2025OpenCUA: Open Foundations for Computer-Use Agents
  2. 2026Covering Human Action Space for Computer Use: Data Synthesis and Benchmark
  3. 2026DeskForge: Dense Supervision from Desktop Environments for Computer-Use Agents
  4. 2026Qwen-CUA: Native Computer Use for (almost) Everything
  5. 2025ScaleCUA: Scaling Open-Source Computer Use Agents with Cross-Platform Data
  6. 2025GUI-360^circ: A Comprehensive Dataset and Benchmark for Computer-Using Agents
  7. 2025VideoAgentTrek: Computer Use Pretraining from Unlabeled Videos
  8. 2026SCALECUA: Scaling Computer Use Agents with Verifiable Task Synthesis and Efficient Online RL