mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

WavBench: Benchmarking Reasoning, Colloquialism, and Paralinguistics for End-to-End Spoken Dialogue Models

arXiv 2602.12135 ↗First posted 12 Feb 2026cs.CLcited by 5

On the map: LLM reasoning → Audio-language model reasoning

Abstract (arXiv)

With the rapid integration of advanced reasoning capabilities into spoken dialogue models, the field urgently demands benchmarks that transcend simple interactions to address real-world complexity. However, current evaluations predominantly adhere to text-generation standards, overlooking the unique audio-centric characteristics of paralinguistics and colloquialisms, alongside the cognitive depth required by modern agents. To bridge this gap, we introduce WavBench, a comprehensive benchmark designed to evaluate realistic conversational abilities where prior works fall short. Uniquely, WavBench establishes a tripartite framework: 1) Pro subset, designed to rigorously challenge reasoning-enhanced models with significantly increased difficulty; 2) Basic subset, defining a novel standard for spoken colloquialism that prioritizes "listenability" through natural vocabulary, linguistic fluency, and interactive rapport, rather than rigid written accuracy; and 3) Acoustic subset, covering explicit understanding, generation, and implicit dialogue to rigorously evaluate comprehensive paralinguistic capabilities within authentic real-world scenarios. Through evaluating five state-of-the-art models, WavBench offers critical insights into the intersection of complex problem-solving, colloquial delivery, and paralinguistic fidelity, guiding the evolution of robust spoken dialogue models. The benchmark dataset and evaluation toolkit are available at https://naruto-2024.github.io/wavbench.github.io/.

Key facts. Cited by 5 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in Audio-language model reasoning, one of 17 directions in LLM reasoning. Builds on 63 of its 70 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 12 Feb 2026.

Builds on

63 of 70 references.

Closest ancestors · 6

Same direction, newest first

  1. 2025Step-Audio-R1 Technical Report19 Nov
  2. 2025STITCH: Simultaneous Thinking and Talking with Chunked Reasoning for Spoken Language Models21 Jul
  3. 2025MMSU: A Massive Multi-task Spoken Language Understanding and Reasoning Benchmark5 Jun
  4. 2025Mellow: a small audio language model for reasoning11 Mar
  5. 2024MMAU: A Massive Multi-Task Audio Understanding and Reasoning Benchmark24 Oct
  6. 2024Mini-Omni: Language Models Can Hear, Talk While Thinking in Streaming29 Aug

Other references · 57

  1. 2020Language Models are Few-Shot Learnerscited by 32,199
  2. 2023GPT-4 Technical Reportcited by 18,132
  3. 2024The Llama 3 Herd of Modelscited by 14,192
  4. 2022Robust Speech Recognition via Large-Scale Weak Supervisioncited by 3,972
  5. 2023GPQA: A Graduate-Level Google-Proof Q&A Benchmarkcited by 2,748
  6. 2018Can a Suit of Armor Conduct Electricity? A New Dataset for Open Book Question Answeringcited by 2,114
  7. 2022Beyond the Imitation Game: Quantifying and extrapolating the capabilities of language modelscited by 1,970
  8. 2022Challenging BIG-Bench Tasks and Whether Chain-of-Thought Can Solve Themcited by 1,767
  9. 2024Length-Controlled AlpacaEval: A Simple Way to Debias Automatic Evaluatorscited by 865
  10. 2022High Fidelity Neural Audio Compressioncited by 673
  11. 2021SUPERB: Speech processing Universal PERformance Benchmarkcited by 652
  12. 2023Qwen-Audio: Advancing Universal Audio Understanding via Unified Large-Scale Audio-Language Modelscited by 591
38 more
  1. 2024Qwen2-Audio Technical Reportcited by 543
  2. 2024Moshi: a speech-text foundation model for real-time dialoguecited by 536
  3. 2024From Crowdsourced Data to High-Quality Benchmarks: Arena-Hard and BenchBuilder Pipelinecited by 484
  4. 2025Qwen3-Omni Technical Reportcited by 451
  5. 2023MusicLM: Generating Music From Textcited by 442
  6. 2023High-Fidelity Audio Compression with Improved RVQGANcited by 423
  7. 2022BEATs: Audio Pre-Training with Acoustic Tokenizerscited by 378
  8. 2024CosyVoice 2: Scalable Streaming Speech Synthesis with Large Language Modelscited by 282
  9. 2023AudioGPT: Understanding and Generating Speech, Music, Sound, and Talking Headcited by 264
  10. 2024GLM-4-Voice: Towards Intelligent and Human-Like End-to-End Spoken Chatbotcited by 218
  11. 2024AIR-Bench: Benchmarking Large Audio-Language Models via Generative Comprehensioncited by 215
  12. 2025Kimi-Audio Technical Reportcited by 210
  13. 2023emotion2vec: Self-Supervised Pre-Training for Speech Emotion Representationcited by 196
  14. 2024VoiceBench: Benchmarking LLM-Based Voice Assistantscited by 192
  15. 2025MultiChallenge: A Realistic Multi-Turn Conversation Evaluation Benchmark Challenging to Frontier LLMscited by 171
  16. 2024LLaMA-Omni: Seamless Speech Interaction with Large Language Modelscited by 169
  17. 2024Freeze-Omni: A Smart and Low Latency Speech-to-speech Dialogue Model with Frozen LLMcited by 135
  18. 2024WavTokenizer: an Efficient Acoustic Discrete Codec Tokenizer for Audio Language Modelingcited by 124
  19. 2025BIG-Bench Extra Hardcited by 123
  20. 2024Mini-Omni2: Towards Open-source GPT-4o with Vision, Speech and Duplex Capabilitiescited by 104
  21. 2025Step-Audio 2 Technical Reportcited by 101
  22. 2024WavChat: A Survey of Spoken Dialogue Modelscited by 88
  23. 2025IndexTTS2: A Breakthrough in Emotionally Expressive and Duration-Controlled Auto-Regressive Zero-Shot Text-to-Speechcited by 85
  24. 2025LLaMA-Omni2: LLM-based Real-time Spoken Chatbot with Autoregressive Streaming Speech Synthesiscited by 75
  25. 2025MMLU-ProX: A Multilingual Benchmark for Advanced Large Language Model Evaluationcited by 73
  26. 2023SpokenWOZ: A Large-Scale Speech-Text Benchmark for Spoken Task-Oriented Dialogue Agentscited by 71
  27. 2023COLLIE: Systematic Construction of Constrained Text Generation Taskscited by 69
  28. 2023AlignBench: Benchmarking Chinese Alignment of Large Language Modelscited by 68
  29. 2024SD-Eval: A Benchmark Dataset for Spoken Dialogue Understanding Beyond Wordscited by 67
  30. 2024SLAM-Omni: Timbre-Controllable Voice Interaction System with Single-Stage Trainingcited by 58
  31. 2025MiMo-Audio: Audio Language Models are Few-Shot Learnerscited by 58
  32. 2023TextrolSpeech: A Text Style Control Speech Corpus With Codec Language Text-to-Speech Modelscited by 48
  33. 2023PromptTTS 2: Describing and Generating Voices with Text Promptcited by 47
  34. 2024Advancing Large Language Models to Capture Varied Speaking Styles and Respond Properly in Spoken Conversationscited by 45
  35. 2025VITA-Audio: Fast Interleaved Cross-Modal Token Generation for Efficient Large Speech-Language Modelcited by 30
  36. 2025AutoLogi: Automated Generation of Logic Puzzles for Evaluating Reasoning Abilities of Large Language Modelscited by 29
  37. 2025URO-Bench: Towards Comprehensive Evaluation for End-to-End Spoken Dialogue Modelscited by 29
  38. 2021VoxCeleb Enrichment for Age and Gender Recognitioncited by 20

50 most cited of 57 All 57 (JSON)

Built on by

Cited by year (2026 to 7 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2026: 5.

5 papers.

Similar, not cited

Close in wording, no citation either way

  1. 2026Afrispeech Semantics: Evaluating Audio Semantic Reasoning in Spoken Language Models Across Domains and Accents
  2. 2026When Text Misleads: Inconsistent-Aware Reasoning for Audio-Grounded Dialogue
  3. 2024ConvBench: A Multi-Turn Conversation Evaluation Benchmark with Hierarchical Capability for Large Vision-Language Models
  4. 2025AHELM: A Holistic Evaluation of Audio-Language Models
  5. 2025SpeechR: A Benchmark for Speech Reasoning in Large Audio-Language Models
  6. 2025VoxEval: Benchmarking the Knowledge Understanding Capabilities of End-to-End Spoken Language Models
  7. 2025ClarifyMT-Bench: Benchmarking and Improving Multi-Turn Clarification for Conversational Large Language Models
  8. 2025Think, Verbalize, then Speak: Bridging Complex Thoughts and Comprehensible Speech