mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

Would a Large Language Model Pay Extra for a View? Inferring Willingness to Pay from Subjective Choices

arXiv 2602.09802 ↗First posted 10 Feb 2026cs.AI cs.CLcited by 3

Not on the map. Why?

Abstract (arXiv)

As Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in applications such as travel assistance and purchasing support, they are often required to make subjective choices on behalf of users in settings where no objectively correct answer exists. We study LLM decision-making in a travel-assistant context by presenting models with choice dilemmas and analyzing their responses using multinomial logit models to derive implied willingness to pay (WTP) estimates. These WTP values are subsequently compared to human benchmark values from the economics literature. In addition to a baseline setting, we examine how model behavior changes under more realistic conditions, including the provision of information about users' past choices and persona-based prompting. Our results show that while meaningful WTP values can be derived for larger LLMs, they also display systematic deviations at the attribute level. Additionally, they tend to overestimate human WTP overall, particularly when expensive options or business-oriented personas are introduced. Conditioning models on prior preferences for cheaper options yields valuations that are closer to human benchmarks. Overall, our findings highlight both the potential and the limitations of using LLMs for subjective decision support and underscore the importance of careful model selection, prompt design, and user representation when deploying such systems in practice.

Key facts. Cited by 3 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 18 of its 44 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 10 Feb 2026.

Builds on

18 of 44 references.

References · 18

  1. 2023Whose Opinions Do Language Models Reflect?cited by 759
  2. 2024WildChat: 1M ChatGPT Interaction Logs in the Wildcited by 598
  3. 2021Measuring and Improving Consistency in Pretrained Language Modelscited by 361
  4. 2023PersonaLLM: Investigating the Ability of Large Language Models to Express Personality Traitscited by 229
  5. 2023PromptRobust: Towards Evaluating the Robustness of Large Language Models on Adversarial Promptscited by 218
  6. 2024Political Compass or Spinning Arrow? Towards More Meaningful Evaluations for Values and Opinions in Large Language Modelscited by 162
  7. 2024MoralBench: Moral Evaluation of LLMscited by 50
  8. 2024Large Language Models Assume People are More Rational than We Really arecited by 49
  9. 2024Decision-Making Behavior Evaluation Framework for LLMs under Uncertain Contextcited by 41
  10. 2025What Is Your AI Agent Buying? Evaluation, Biases, Model Dependence, & Emerging Implications for Agentic E-Commercecited by 18
  11. 2025Aligning LLMs by Predicting Preferences from User Writing Samplescited by 11
  12. 2023SEER : A Knapsack approach to Exemplar Selection for In-Context HybridQAcited by 9
6 more
  1. 2025We Need a New Ethics for a World of AI Agentscited by 9
  2. 2024ICPL: Few-shot In-context Preference Learning via LLMscited by 7
  3. 2024The Moral Mind(s) of Large Language Modelscited by 4
  4. 2025Noise, Adaptation, and Strategy: Assessing LLM Fidelity in Decision-Makingcited by 4
  5. 2025Are Economists Always More Introverted? Analyzing Consistency in Persona-Assigned LLMscited by 3
  6. 2025Cash or Comfort? How LLMs Value Your Inconveniencecited by 1

Built on by

Cited by year (2026 to 7 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2026: 3.

3 papers.