mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

Are Economists Always More Introverted? Analyzing Consistency in Persona-Assigned LLMs

arXiv 2506.02659 ↗First posted 3 Jun 2025cs.CLcited by 3

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Abstract (arXiv)

Personalized Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used in diverse applications, where they are assigned a specific persona - such as a happy high school teacher - to guide their responses. While prior research has examined how well LLMs adhere to predefined personas in writing style, a comprehensive analysis of consistency across different personas and task types is lacking. In this paper, we introduce a new standardized framework to analyze consistency in persona-assigned LLMs. We define consistency as the extent to which a model maintains coherent responses when assigned the same persona across different tasks and runs. Our framework evaluates personas across four different categories (happiness, occupation, personality, and political stance) spanning multiple task dimensions (survey writing, essay generation, social media post generation, single turn, and multi-turn conversations). Our findings reveal that consistency is influenced by multiple factors, including the assigned persona, stereotypes, and model design choices. Consistency also varies across tasks, increasing with more structured tasks and additional context. All code is available on GitHub.

Key facts. Cited by 3 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 20 of its 40 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 3 Jun 2025.

Builds on

20 of 40 references.

References · 20

  1. 2023Whose Opinions Do Language Models Reflect?cited by 773
  2. 2024WildChat: 1M ChatGPT Interaction Logs in the Wildcited by 629
  3. 2024From Generation to Judgment: Opportunities and Challenges of LLM-as-a-judgecited by 494
  4. 2024Scaling Synthetic Data Creation with 1,000,000,000 Personascited by 417
  5. 2023Character-LLM: A Trainable Agent for Role-Playingcited by 339
  6. 2024LLM Agents Grounded in Self-Reports Enable General-Purpose Simulation of Individualscited by 249
  7. 2023PersonaLLM: Investigating the Ability of Large Language Models to Express Personality Traitscited by 234
  8. 2023Bias Runs Deep: Implicit Reasoning Biases in Persona-Assigned LLMscited by 199
  9. 2023InCharacter: Evaluating Personality Fidelity in Role-Playing Agents through Psychological Interviewscited by 179
  10. 2024Political Compass or Spinning Arrow? Towards More Meaningful Evaluations for Values and Opinions in Large Language Modelscited by 162
  11. 2024Evaluating Large Language Model Biases in Persona-Steered Generationcited by 78
  12. 2024Calibrating Large Language Models with Sample Consistencycited by 73
8 more
  1. 2024Do LLMs Have Distinct and Consistent Personality? TRAIT: Personality Testset designed for LLMs with Psychometricscited by 59
  2. 2024Large Language Models Reflect the Ideology of their Creatorscited by 57
  3. 2023On the steerability of large language models toward data-driven personascited by 53
  4. 2023You don't need a personality test to know these models are unreliable: Assessing the Reliability of Large Language Models on Psychometric Instrumentscited by 48
  5. 2023The Shifted and The Overlooked: A Task-oriented Investigation of User-GPT Interactionscited by 45
  6. 2022Model Positionality and Computational Reflexivity: Promoting Reflexivity in Data Sciencecited by 13
  7. 2024To Know or Not To Know? Analyzing Self-Consistency of Large Language Models under Ambiguitycited by 8
  8. 2024Robustness and Confounders in the Demographic Alignment of LLMs with Human Perceptions of Offensivenesscited by 7

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Cited by year (2026 to 14 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2026: 3.

3 papers.