PRISM: Performer RS-IMLE for Single-pass Multisensory Imitation Learning
On the map: Diffusion models → Diffusion and flow policies for robotics
Abstract (arXiv)
Robotic imitation learning typically requires models that capture multimodal action distributions while operating at real-time control rates and accommodating multiple sensing modalities. Although recent generative approaches such as diffusion models, flow matching, and Implicit Maximum Likelihood Estimation (IMLE) have achieved promising results, they often satisfy only a subset of these requirements. To address this, we introduce PRISM, a single-pass policy based on a batch-global rejection-sampling variant of IMLE. PRISM couples a temporal multisensory encoder (integrating RGB, depth, tactile, audio, and proprioception) with a linear-attention generator using a Performer architecture. We demonstrate the efficacy of PRISM on a diverse real-world hardware suite, including loco-manipulation using a Unitree Go2 with a 7-DoF arm D1 and tabletop manipulation with a UR5 manipulator. Across challenging physical tasks such as pre-manipulation parking, high-precision insertion, and multi-object pick-and-place, PRISM outperforms state-of-the-art diffusion policies by 10-25% in success rate while maintaining high-frequency (30-50 Hz) closed-loop control. We further validate our approach on large-scale simulation benchmarks, including CALVIN, MetaWorld, and Robomimic. In CALVIN (10% data split), PRISM improves success rates by approximately 25% over diffusion and approximately 20% over flow matching, while simultaneously reducing trajectory jerk by 20x-50x. These results position PRISM as a fast, accurate, and multisensory imitation policy that retains multimodal action coverage without the latency of iterative sampling.
Key facts. Cited by 1 paper in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in Diffusion and flow policies for robotics, one of 14 directions in Diffusion models. Builds on 32 of its 39 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 2 Feb 2026.
Builds on
32 of 39 references.
Closest ancestors · 7
Same direction, newest first
- 2025Falcon: Fast Visuomotor Policies via Partial Denoising1 Mar
- 2025IMLE Policy: Fast and Sample Efficient Visuomotor Policy Learning via Implicit Maximum Likelihood Estimation17 Feb
- 2024FlowPolicy: Enabling Fast and Robust 3D Flow-based Policy via Consistency Flow Matching for Robot Manipulation6 Dec
- 2024ActionFlow: Equivariant, Accurate, and Efficient Policies with Spatially Symmetric Flow Matching6 Sep
- 2024ManiCM: Real-time 3D Diffusion Policy via Consistency Model for Robotic Manipulation3 Jun
- 2024Consistency Policy: Accelerated Visuomotor Policies via Consistency Distillation13 May
- 2023Diffusion Policy: Visuomotor Policy Learning via Action Diffusion7 Mar
Other references · 25
- 2020Denoising Diffusion Implicit Modelscited by 9,655
- 2022Flow Straight and Fast: Learning to Generate and Transfer Data with Rectified Flowcited by 3,550
- 2020Rethinking Attention with Performerscited by 1,584
- 2019Meta-World: A Benchmark and Evaluation for Multi-Task and Meta Reinforcement Learningcited by 1,168
- 2021What Matters in Learning from Offline Human Demonstrations for Robot Manipulationcited by 699
- 2021CALVIN: A Benchmark for Language-Conditioned Policy Learning for Long-Horizon Robot Manipulation Taskscited by 564
- 2021Implicit Behavioral Cloningcited by 442
- 2019MultiPath: Multiple Probabilistic Anchor Trajectory Hypotheses for Behavior Predictioncited by 417
- 2020Transporter Networks: Rearranging the Visual World for Robotic Manipulationcited by 342
- 2022Behavior Transformers: Cloning k modes with one stonecited by 299
- 2017Deep Imitation Learning for Complex Manipulation Tasks from Virtual Reality Teleoperationcited by 286
- 2017A General and Adaptive Robust Loss Functioncited by 236
13 more
- 2019PRECOG: PREdiction Conditioned On Goals in Visual Multi-Agent Settingscited by 178
- 2019Self-Supervised Correspondence in Visuomotor Policy Learningcited by 106
- 2024Consistency Flow Matching: Defining Straight Flows with Velocity Consistencycited by 101
- 2017Vision-Based Multi-Task Manipulation for Inexpensive Robots Using End-To-End Learning from Demonstrationcited by 100
- 2018Implicit Maximum Likelihood Estimationcited by 52
- 2022SpeedFolding: Learning Efficient Bimanual Folding of Garmentscited by 51
- 2024AdaFlow: Imitation Learning with Variance-Adaptive Flow-Based Policiescited by 50
- 2020Spatial Action Maps for Mobile Manipulationcited by 31
- 2024Flow Matching Imitation Learning for Multi-Support Manipulationcited by 29
- 2024Score and Distribution Matching Policy: Advanced Accelerated Visuomotor Policies via Matched Distillationcited by 12
- 2024LAVA: Long-horizon Visual Action based Food Acquisitioncited by 10
- 2025Sketch-to-Skill: Bootstrapping Robot Learning with Human Drawn Trajectory Sketchescited by 9
- 2024Rejection Sampling IMLE: Designing Priors for Better Few-Shot Image Synthesiscited by 8
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2026: 1.
1 paper.
Similar, not cited
Close in wording, no citation either way
- 2026PRISM: Polynomial Representations for Interaction-Structured Motor Control ↗
- 2026Active Stereo-Camera Outperforms Multi-Sensor Setup in ACT Imitation Learning for Humanoid Manipulation
- 2025PRISM: Pointcloud Reintegrated Inference via Segmentation and Cross-attention for Manipulation
- 2026PRISM: Personalized Refinement of Imitation Skills for Manipulation via Human Instructions
- 2026PRISM: Personalized Robotic Dataset Generation via Image-based Scene and Motion Synthesis
- 2025AirExo-2: Scaling up Generalizable Robotic Imitation Learning with Low-Cost Exoskeletons
- 2024Towards Diverse Behaviors: A Benchmark for Imitation Learning with Human Demonstrations
- 2023RH20T: A Comprehensive Robotic Dataset for Learning Diverse Skills in One-Shot