mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

PhoStream: Benchmarking Real-World Streaming for Omnimodal Assistants in Mobile Scenarios

arXiv 2601.22575 ↗First posted 30 Jan 2026cs.CV cs.CLcited by 10

On the map: Multimodal LLMs / vision-language models → Video understanding with MLLMs

Abstract (arXiv)

Multimodal Large Language Models excel at offline audio-visual understanding, but their ability to serve as mobile assistants in continuous real-world streams remains underexplored. In daily phone use, mobile assistants must track streaming audio-visual inputs and respond at the right time, yet existing benchmarks are often restricted to multiple-choice questions or use shorter videos. In this paper, we introduce PhoStream, the first mobile-centric streaming benchmark that unifies on-screen and off-screen scenarios to evaluate video, audio, and temporal reasoning. PhoStream contains 5,572 open-ended QA pairs from 578 videos across 4 scenarios and 10 capabilities. We build it with an Automated Generative Pipeline backed by rigorous human verification, and evaluate models using a realistic Online Inference Pipeline and LLM-as-a-Judge evaluation for open-ended responses. Experiments reveal a temporal asymmetry in LLM-judged scores (0-100): models perform well on Instant and Backward tasks (Gemini 3 Pro exceeds 80), but drop sharply on Forward tasks (16.40), largely due to early responses before the required visual and audio cues appear. This highlights a fundamental limitation: current MLLMs struggle to decide when to speak, not just what to say. Code and datasets used in this work will be made publicly accessible at https://github.com/Lucky-Lance/PhoStream.

Key facts. Cited by 10 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Placed in Video understanding with MLLMs, one of 16 directions in Multimodal LLMs / vision-language models. Builds on 30 of its 37 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 30 Jan 2026.

Builds on

30 of 37 references.

Closest ancestors · 5

Same direction, newest first

  1. 2025MMDuet2: Enhancing Proactive Interaction of Video MLLMs with Multi-Turn Reinforcement Learning7 Dec
  2. 2025StreamingVLM: Real-Time Understanding for Infinite Video Streams10 Oct
  3. 2025OmniMMI: A Comprehensive Multi-modal Interaction Benchmark in Streaming Video Contexts29 Mar
  4. 2024StreamingBench: Assessing the Gap for MLLMs to Achieve Streaming Video Understanding6 Nov
  5. 2024Video-MME: The First-Ever Comprehensive Evaluation Benchmark of Multi-modal LLMs in Video Analysis31 May

Other references · 25

  1. 2025Qwen3 Technical Reportcited by 8,820
  2. 2023Judging LLM-as-a-Judge with MT-Bench and Chatbot Arenacited by 8,626
  3. 2024GPT-4o System Cardcited by 4,588
  4. 2025InternVL3.5: Advancing Open-Source Multimodal Models in Versatility, Reasoning, and Efficiencycited by 1,510
  5. 2020DocVQA: A Dataset for VQA on Document Imagescited by 1,317
  6. 2024MathVerse: Does Your Multi-modal LLM Truly See the Diagrams in Visual Math Problems?cited by 586
  7. 2024DeepSeek-VL2: Mixture-of-Experts Vision-Language Models for Advanced Multimodal Understandingcited by 572
  8. 2019ActivityNet-QA: A Dataset for Understanding Complex Web Videos via Question Answeringcited by 561
  9. 2024Measuring Multimodal Mathematical Reasoning with MATH-Vision Datasetcited by 526
  10. 2024AndroidWorld: A Dynamic Benchmarking Environment for Autonomous Agentscited by 468
  11. 2024Seed-TTS: A Family of High-Quality Versatile Speech Generation Modelscited by 300
  12. 2024VideoLLM-online: Online Video Large Language Model for Streaming Videocited by 225
13 more
  1. 2025Spatial-MLLM: Boosting MLLM Capabilities in Visual-based Spatial Intelligencecited by 217
  2. 2021WenetSpeech: A 10000+ Hours Multi-domain Mandarin Corpus for Speech Recognitioncited by 197
  3. 2025Mobile-Agent-v3: Fundamental Agents for GUI Automationcited by 190
  4. 2025MiniCPM-V 4.5: Cooking Efficient MLLMs via Architecture, Data, and Training Recipecited by 186
  5. 2025OVO-Bench: How Far is Your Video-LLMs from Real-World Online Video Understanding?cited by 142
  6. 2025Dispider: Enabling Video LLMs with Active Real-Time Interaction via Disentangled Perception, Decision, and Reactioncited by 127
  7. 2024AMEX: Android Multi-annotation Expo Dataset for Mobile GUI Agentscited by 113
  8. 2024OpenELM: An Efficient Language Model Family with Open Training and Inference Frameworkcited by 75
  9. 2023AlignBench: Benchmarking Chinese Alignment of Large Language Modelscited by 68
  10. 2025ProactiveVideoQA: A Comprehensive Benchmark Evaluating Proactive Interactions in Video Large Language Modelscited by 27
  11. 2024BlueLM-V-3B: Algorithm and System Co-Design for Multimodal Large Language Models on Mobile Devicescited by 25
  12. 2025EgoBlind: Towards Egocentric Visual Assistance for the Blindcited by 21
  13. 2025SmartBench: Is Your LLM Truly a Good Chinese Smartphone Assistant?cited by 2

Built on by

Cited by year (2026 to 14 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2026: 10.

10 papers.

Similar, not cited

Close in wording, no citation either way

  1. 2026OmniInteract: Benchmarking Real-World Streaming Interaction for Real-Time Omnimodal Assistants
  2. 2026SONIC-O1: A Real-World Benchmark for Evaluating Multimodal Large Language Models on Audio-Video Understanding
  3. 2026StreamArena: Toward Continuous, Interactive, and Long-Horizon Agentic Streaming Video Understanding
  4. 2025Daily-Omni: Towards Audio-Visual Reasoning with Temporal Alignment across Modalities
  5. 2026MMOU: A Massive Multi-Task Omni Understanding and Reasoning Benchmark for Long and Complex Real-World Videos
  6. 2025OmniVideoBench: Towards Audio-Visual Understanding Evaluation for Omni MLLMs
  7. 2026StreamOV: Streaming Omni-Video Understanding via Evidence-Guided Memory and Response Triggering
  8. 2025StreamGaze: Gaze-Guided Temporal Reasoning and Proactive Understanding in Streaming Videos