RoboChallenge: Large-scale Real-robot Evaluation of Embodied Policies
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Abstract (arXiv)
Testing on real machines is indispensable for robotic control algorithms. In the context of learning-based algorithms, especially VLA models, demand for large-scale evaluation, i.e. testing a large number of models on a large number of tasks, is becoming increasingly urgent. However, doing this right is highly non-trivial, especially when scalability and reproducibility is taken into account. In this report, we describe our methodology for constructing RoboChallenge, an online evaluation system to test robotic control algorithms, and our survey of recent state-of-the-art VLA models using our initial benchmark Table30.
Key facts. Cited by 30 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 20 Oct 2025.
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Citing papers per year: 2026: 30.
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- 2026A Pragmatic VLA Foundation Modelcited by 103
- 2026World Action Models: The Next Frontier in Embodied AIcited by 50
- 2026RoboDojo: A Unified Sim-and-Real Benchmark for Comprehensive Evaluation of Generalist Robot Manipulation Policiescited by 40
- 2026StarVLA-α: Reducing Complexity in Vision-Language-Action Systemscited by 31
- 2026Towards Generalizable Robotic Manipulation in Dynamic Environmentscited by 20
- 2026Wall-OSS-0.5 Technical Reportcited by 12
- 2026World Action Models: A Surveycited by 12
- 2026GigaWorld-1: A Roadmap to Build World Models for Robot Policy Evaluationcited by 11
- 2026ProcVLM: Learning Procedure-Grounded Progress Rewards for Robotic Manipulationcited by 9
- 2026Vision-Language-Action in Robotics: A Survey of Datasets, Benchmarks, and Data Enginescited by 8
- 2026PACE: Phase-Aware Chunk Execution for Robot Policies with Action Chunkingcited by 8
- 2026Towards Interactive Video World Modeling: Frontiers, Challenges, Benchmarks, and Future Trendscited by 8
18 more
- 2026IG-RFT: An Interaction-Guided RL Framework for VLA Models in Long-Horizon Robotic Manipulationcited by 5
- 2026ManipArena: Comprehensive Real-world Evaluation of Reasoning-Oriented Generalist Robot Manipulationcited by 5
- 2026LABSHIELD: A Multimodal Benchmark for Safety-Critical Reasoning and Planning in Scientific Laboratoriescited by 3
- 2026PRM-as-a-Judge 1.5: A Toolkit for Robot Process Assessmentcited by 3
- 2026VLA-REPLICA: A Low-Cost, Reproducible Benchmark for Real-World Evaluation of Vision-Language-Action Modelscited by 2
- 2026PhAIL: A Real-Robot VLA Benchmark and Distributional Methodologycited by 2
- 2026You Don't Need To Stay in The Loop: An Agentic Robotics Loop for Robot-Policy Improvementcited by 2
- 2026X-DiffVLA: X-Embodied Diffusion Action Heads for Vision-Language-Action Modelscited by 1
- 2026Intelligent Automation for Embodied Benchmark Construction: Pipelines, Embodiments, Simulators, and Trendscited by 1
- 2026ATOM-Bench: A Real-World Benchmark for Atomic Skills and Compositional Generalization in Manipulation Policiescited by 1
- 2026RoboFollow: Unveiling the Instruction Following Mirage in Embodied Agentscited by 1
- 2026Grounding Sim-to-Real Generalization in Robotic Manipulation: An Empirical Study with Vision-Language-Action Modelscited by 0
- 2026PACT: Self-Evolving Physical Safety Alignment for Diffusion Policies in Embodied Manipulationcited by 0
- 2026Towards Trustworthy Embodied Intelligence: A Systems Framework and Graded Trustworthiness Levelscited by 0
- 2026From Generation to Simulation: How Far Are World Models from Being True Simulators?cited by 0
- 2026One Policy, Many Embodiments: Unified Camera-Centric Action Geometry Pre-training for Heterogeneous Embodied Manipulationcited by 0
- 2026RoboFolDeX: A Physical-World Benchmark for Long-Horizon Robotic Manipulation of Deformable Objectscited by 0
- 2026EWAM: Emergent Depth-Wise Specialization in a Unified Embodied Model -- From Semantic Understanding through Visual Foresight to Actioncited by 0
- 2026EWAM: Emergent Depth-Wise Specialization in a Unified Embodied Model -- From Semantic Understanding through Visual Foresight to Action30 Sep 2026
- 2026RoboFollow: Unveiling the Instruction Following Mirage in Embodied Agents22 Sep 2026
- 2026RoboFolDeX: A Physical-World Benchmark for Long-Horizon Robotic Manipulation of Deformable Objects9 Sep 2026
- 2026One Policy, Many Embodiments: Unified Camera-Centric Action Geometry Pre-training for Heterogeneous Embodied Manipulation26 Aug 2026
- 2026From Generation to Simulation: How Far Are World Models from Being True Simulators?24 Aug 2026
- 2026PRM-as-a-Judge 1.5: A Toolkit for Robot Process Assessment14 Aug 2026
- 2026You Don't Need To Stay in The Loop: An Agentic Robotics Loop for Robot-Policy Improvement2 Aug 2026
- 2026Towards Trustworthy Embodied Intelligence: A Systems Framework and Graded Trustworthiness Levels28 Jul 2026
- 2026RoboDojo: A Unified Sim-and-Real Benchmark for Comprehensive Evaluation of Generalist Robot Manipulation Policies5 Jul 2026
- 2026GigaWorld-1: A Roadmap to Build World Models for Robot Policy Evaluation2 Jul 2026
- 2026World Action Models: A Survey18 Jun 2026
- 2026ATOM-Bench: A Real-World Benchmark for Atomic Skills and Compositional Generalization in Manipulation Policies15 Jun 2026
18 more
- 2026Intelligent Automation for Embodied Benchmark Construction: Pipelines, Embodiments, Simulators, and Trends10 Jun 2026
- 2026PACT: Self-Evolving Physical Safety Alignment for Diffusion Policies in Embodied Manipulation7 Jun 2026
- 2026Towards Interactive Video World Modeling: Frontiers, Challenges, Benchmarks, and Future Trends31 May 2026
- 2026PACE: Phase-Aware Chunk Execution for Robot Policies with Action Chunking30 May 2026
- 2026Wall-OSS-0.5 Technical Report29 May 2026
- 2026PhAIL: A Real-Robot VLA Benchmark and Distributional Methodology28 May 2026
- 2026X-DiffVLA: X-Embodied Diffusion Action Heads for Vision-Language-Action Models24 May 2026
- 2026VLA-REPLICA: A Low-Cost, Reproducible Benchmark for Real-World Evaluation of Vision-Language-Action Models20 May 2026
- 2026World Action Models: The Next Frontier in Embodied AI12 May 2026
- 2026ProcVLM: Learning Procedure-Grounded Progress Rewards for Robotic Manipulation9 May 2026
- 2026Vision-Language-Action in Robotics: A Survey of Datasets, Benchmarks, and Data Engines24 Apr 2026
- 2026StarVLA-α: Reducing Complexity in Vision-Language-Action Systems13 Apr 2026
- 2026ManipArena: Comprehensive Real-world Evaluation of Reasoning-Oriented Generalist Robot Manipulation30 Mar 2026
- 2026Grounding Sim-to-Real Generalization in Robotic Manipulation: An Empirical Study with Vision-Language-Action Models24 Mar 2026
- 2026Towards Generalizable Robotic Manipulation in Dynamic Environments16 Mar 2026
- 2026LABSHIELD: A Multimodal Benchmark for Safety-Critical Reasoning and Planning in Scientific Laboratories12 Mar 2026
- 2026IG-RFT: An Interaction-Guided RL Framework for VLA Models in Long-Horizon Robotic Manipulation24 Feb 2026
- 2026A Pragmatic VLA Foundation Model26 Jan 2026
- 2026A Pragmatic VLA Foundation Modelcited by 103
- 2026StarVLA-α: Reducing Complexity in Vision-Language-Action Systemscited by 31
- 2026Towards Generalizable Robotic Manipulation in Dynamic Environmentscited by 20
- 2026Wall-OSS-0.5 Technical Reportcited by 12
- 2026Vision-Language-Action in Robotics: A Survey of Datasets, Benchmarks, and Data Enginescited by 8
- 2026PACE: Phase-Aware Chunk Execution for Robot Policies with Action Chunkingcited by 8
- 2026IG-RFT: An Interaction-Guided RL Framework for VLA Models in Long-Horizon Robotic Manipulationcited by 5
- 2026VLA-REPLICA: A Low-Cost, Reproducible Benchmark for Real-World Evaluation of Vision-Language-Action Modelscited by 2
- 2026PhAIL: A Real-Robot VLA Benchmark and Distributional Methodologycited by 2
- 2026X-DiffVLA: X-Embodied Diffusion Action Heads for Vision-Language-Action Modelscited by 1
- 2026Grounding Sim-to-Real Generalization in Robotic Manipulation: An Empirical Study with Vision-Language-Action Modelscited by 0
- 2026One Policy, Many Embodiments: Unified Camera-Centric Action Geometry Pre-training for Heterogeneous Embodied Manipulationcited by 0
- 2026One Policy, Many Embodiments: Unified Camera-Centric Action Geometry Pre-training for Heterogeneous Embodied Manipulation26 Aug 2026
- 2026PACE: Phase-Aware Chunk Execution for Robot Policies with Action Chunking30 May 2026
- 2026Wall-OSS-0.5 Technical Report29 May 2026
- 2026PhAIL: A Real-Robot VLA Benchmark and Distributional Methodology28 May 2026
- 2026X-DiffVLA: X-Embodied Diffusion Action Heads for Vision-Language-Action Models24 May 2026
- 2026VLA-REPLICA: A Low-Cost, Reproducible Benchmark for Real-World Evaluation of Vision-Language-Action Models20 May 2026
- 2026Vision-Language-Action in Robotics: A Survey of Datasets, Benchmarks, and Data Engines24 Apr 2026
- 2026StarVLA-α: Reducing Complexity in Vision-Language-Action Systems13 Apr 2026
- 2026Grounding Sim-to-Real Generalization in Robotic Manipulation: An Empirical Study with Vision-Language-Action Models24 Mar 2026
- 2026Towards Generalizable Robotic Manipulation in Dynamic Environments16 Mar 2026
- 2026IG-RFT: An Interaction-Guided RL Framework for VLA Models in Long-Horizon Robotic Manipulation24 Feb 2026
- 2026A Pragmatic VLA Foundation Model26 Jan 2026
- 2026World Action Models: The Next Frontier in Embodied AIcited by 50
- 2026World Action Models: A Surveycited by 12
- 2026GigaWorld-1: A Roadmap to Build World Models for Robot Policy Evaluationcited by 11
- 2026Towards Interactive Video World Modeling: Frontiers, Challenges, Benchmarks, and Future Trendscited by 8
- 2026ManipArena: Comprehensive Real-world Evaluation of Reasoning-Oriented Generalist Robot Manipulationcited by 5
- 2026From Generation to Simulation: How Far Are World Models from Being True Simulators?cited by 0
- 2026RoboFolDeX: A Physical-World Benchmark for Long-Horizon Robotic Manipulation of Deformable Objectscited by 0
- 2026EWAM: Emergent Depth-Wise Specialization in a Unified Embodied Model -- From Semantic Understanding through Visual Foresight to Actioncited by 0
- 2026EWAM: Emergent Depth-Wise Specialization in a Unified Embodied Model -- From Semantic Understanding through Visual Foresight to Action30 Sep 2026
- 2026RoboFolDeX: A Physical-World Benchmark for Long-Horizon Robotic Manipulation of Deformable Objects9 Sep 2026
- 2026From Generation to Simulation: How Far Are World Models from Being True Simulators?24 Aug 2026
- 2026GigaWorld-1: A Roadmap to Build World Models for Robot Policy Evaluation2 Jul 2026
- 2026World Action Models: A Survey18 Jun 2026
- 2026Towards Interactive Video World Modeling: Frontiers, Challenges, Benchmarks, and Future Trends31 May 2026
- 2026World Action Models: The Next Frontier in Embodied AI12 May 2026
- 2026ManipArena: Comprehensive Real-world Evaluation of Reasoning-Oriented Generalist Robot Manipulation30 Mar 2026
- 2026RoboDojo: A Unified Sim-and-Real Benchmark for Comprehensive Evaluation of Generalist Robot Manipulation Policiescited by 40
- 2026PRM-as-a-Judge 1.5: A Toolkit for Robot Process Assessmentcited by 3
- 2026Intelligent Automation for Embodied Benchmark Construction: Pipelines, Embodiments, Simulators, and Trendscited by 1
- 2026ATOM-Bench: A Real-World Benchmark for Atomic Skills and Compositional Generalization in Manipulation Policiescited by 1
- 2026Towards Trustworthy Embodied Intelligence: A Systems Framework and Graded Trustworthiness Levelscited by 0
- 2026PRM-as-a-Judge 1.5: A Toolkit for Robot Process Assessment14 Aug 2026
- 2026Towards Trustworthy Embodied Intelligence: A Systems Framework and Graded Trustworthiness Levels28 Jul 2026
- 2026RoboDojo: A Unified Sim-and-Real Benchmark for Comprehensive Evaluation of Generalist Robot Manipulation Policies5 Jul 2026
- 2026ATOM-Bench: A Real-World Benchmark for Atomic Skills and Compositional Generalization in Manipulation Policies15 Jun 2026
- 2026Intelligent Automation for Embodied Benchmark Construction: Pipelines, Embodiments, Simulators, and Trends10 Jun 2026
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- 2025RoboArena: Distributed Real-World Evaluation of Generalist Robot Policies
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- 2026IndustrialVLA-Bench: A Traceable Multi-Axis Evaluation of Open Robot Policy Models
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- 2026ArmnetBench v0.1: Parallel Real-World Evaluation of Manipulation Policies on a Low-Cost Arm Farm
- 2025WorldGym: World Model as An Environment for Policy Evaluation
- 2026RoboSPA: Can VLA Models Go Beyond Simple Scenes and Short-Horizon Tasks?
- 2026R2S-Eval: Robot Evaluation with Real-to-Sim Calibration via Vision-Language Models