mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

VLA-REPLICA: A Low-Cost, Reproducible Benchmark for Real-World Evaluation of Vision-Language-Action Models

arXiv 2605.20774 ↗First posted 20 May 2026cs.ROcited by 2

On the map: Vision-language-action models → Generalist VLA models and benchmarks

Abstract (arXiv)

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have shown strong promise for general-purpose robotic manipulation, but their real-world evaluation remains limited by a lack of accessible, reproducible, and consistent benchmarks. Simulation benchmarks fail to capture real-world complexity, while existing real-world benchmarks often require expensive hardware, centralized evaluation, or are limited in task diversity. We introduce VLA-REPLICA, a low-cost, easily reproducible real-world benchmark for evaluating VLA models. Built from off-the-shelf components, our system can be quickly assembled and replicated across laboratories, providing a consistent environment for policy evaluation anywhere in the world. VLA-REPLICA includes a diverse suite of manipulation tasks and a small-scale demonstration dataset for target-domain adaptation, with real-world evaluation protocols for both in-distribution and out-of-distribution settings. Experiments with imitation learning and state-of-the-art VLA models reveal model strengths and limitations, while consistent results across independently constructed setups demonstrate the reproducibility of our benchmark.

Key facts. Cited by 2 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Placed in Generalist VLA models and benchmarks, one of 13 directions in Vision-language-action models. Builds on 31 of its 39 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 20 May 2026.

Builds on

31 of 39 references.

Closest ancestors · 6

Same direction, newest first

  1. 2025X-VLA: Soft-Prompted Transformer as Scalable Cross-Embodiment Vision-Language-Action Model11 Oct
  2. 2025SmolVLA: A Vision-Language-Action Model for Affordable and Efficient Robotics2 Jun
  3. 2025π0.5: a Vision-Language-Action Model with Open-World Generalization22 Apr
  4. 2024π0: A Vision-Language-Action Flow Model for General Robot Control31 Oct
  5. 2024OpenVLA: An Open-Source Vision-Language-Action Model13 Jun
  6. 2023RT-2: Vision-Language-Action Models Transfer Web Knowledge to Robotic Control28 Jul

Other references · 25

  1. 2023Diffusion Policy: Visuomotor Policy Learning via Action Diffusioncited by 2,838
  2. 2022RT-1: Robotics Transformer for Real-World Control at Scalecited by 2,061
  3. 2023Learning Fine-Grained Bimanual Manipulation with Low-Cost Hardwarecited by 1,568
  4. 2023LIBERO: Benchmarking Knowledge Transfer for Lifelong Robot Learningcited by 1,410
  5. 2025GR00T N1: An Open Foundation Model for Generalist Humanoid Robotscited by 1,225
  6. 2019Meta-World: A Benchmark and Evaluation for Multi-Task and Meta Reinforcement Learningcited by 1,204
  7. 2023Open X-Embodiment: Robotic Learning Datasets and RT-X Modelscited by 862
  8. 2024DROID: A Large-Scale In-The-Wild Robot Manipulation Datasetcited by 852
  9. 2021CALVIN: A Benchmark for Language-Conditioned Policy Learning for Long-Horizon Robot Manipulation Taskscited by 584
  10. 2024Evaluating Real-World Robot Manipulation Policies in Simulationcited by 495
  11. 2024RoboCasa: Large-Scale Simulation of Everyday Tasks for Generalist Robotscited by 407
  12. 2025π*0.6: a VLA That Learns From Experiencecited by 303
13 more
  1. 2023FurnitureBench: Reproducible Real-World Benchmark for Long-Horizon Complex Manipulationcited by 133
  2. 2024FMB: a Functional Manipulation Benchmark for Generalizable Robotic Learningcited by 80
  3. 2026RoboCasa365: A Large-Scale Simulation Framework for Training and Benchmarking Generalist Robotscited by 79
  4. 2025RoboArena: Distributed Real-World Evaluation of Generalist Robot Policiescited by 64
  5. 2025RoboVerse: Towards a Unified Platform, Dataset and Benchmark for Scalable and Generalizable Robot Learningcited by 54
  6. 2025AutoEval: Autonomous Evaluation of Generalist Robot Manipulation Policies in the Real Worldcited by 48
  7. 2025Meta-World+: An Improved, Standardized, RL Benchmarkcited by 43
  8. 2025RoboChallenge: Large-scale Real-robot Evaluation of Embodied Policiescited by 30
  9. 2026RoboLab: A High-Fidelity Simulation Benchmark for Analysis of Task Generalist Policiescited by 24
  10. 2019REPLAB: A Reproducible Low-Cost Arm Benchmark Platform for Robotic Learningcited by 17
  11. 2023RAMP: A Benchmark for Evaluating Robotic Assembly Manipulation and Planningcited by 9
  12. 2023SCENEREPLICA: Benchmarking Real-World Robot Manipulation by Creating Replicable Scenescited by 9
  13. 2026ManipulationNet: An Infrastructure for Benchmarking Real-World Robot Manipulation with Physical Skill Challenges and Embodied Multimodal Reasoningcited by 6

Built on by

Cited by year (2026 to 14 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2026: 2.

2 papers.

Similar, not cited

Close in wording, no citation either way

  1. 2026Benchmarking Vision-Language-Action Models on SO-101: Failure and Recovery Analysis
  2. 2025Vision Language Action Models in Robotic Manipulation: A Systematic Review
  3. 2024Benchmarking Vision, Language, & Action Models on Robotic Learning Tasks
  4. 2025VLA-0: Building State-of-the-Art VLAs with Zero Modification
  5. 2026VLAW: Iterative Co-Improvement of Vision-Language-Action Policy and World Model
  6. 2025Experiences from Benchmarking Vision-Language-Action Models for Robotic Manipulation
  7. 2025VLA-Adapter: An Effective Paradigm for Tiny-Scale Vision-Language-Action Model
  8. 2025From Intention to Execution: Probing the Generalization Boundaries of Vision-Language-Action Models