mlsanityData to 13 Oct 2026

Socratic-PRMBench: Benchmarking Process Reward Models with Systematic Reasoning Patterns

arXiv 2505.23474 ↗First posted 29 May 2025cs.AI cs.CLcited by 5

On the map: LLM reasoning → Reinforcement learning for reasoning

also in 2 more
Abstract (arXiv)

Process Reward Models (PRMs) are crucial in complex reasoning and problem-solving tasks (e.g., LLM agents with long-horizon decision-making) by verifying the correctness of each intermediate reasoning step. In real-world scenarios, LLMs may apply various reasoning patterns (e.g., decomposition) to solve a problem, potentially suffering from errors under various reasoning patterns. Therefore, PRMs are required to identify errors under various reasoning patterns during the reasoning process. However, existing benchmarks mainly focus on evaluating PRMs with stepwise correctness, ignoring a systematic evaluation of PRMs under various reasoning patterns. To mitigate this gap, we introduce Socratic-PRMBench, a new benchmark to evaluate PRMs systematically under six reasoning patterns, including Transformation, Decomposition, Regather, Deduction, Verification, and Integration. Socratic-PRMBench}comprises 2995 reasoning paths with flaws within the aforementioned six reasoning patterns. Through our experiments on both PRMs and LLMs prompted as critic models, we identify notable deficiencies in existing PRMs. These observations underscore the significant weakness of current PRMs in conducting evaluations on reasoning steps under various reasoning patterns. We hope Socratic-PRMBench can serve as a comprehensive testbed for systematic evaluation of PRMs under diverse reasoning patterns and pave the way for future development of PRMs.

Key facts. Cited by 5 papers in the map (data through 13 Oct 2026). Placed in Reinforcement learning for reasoning, one of 17 directions in LLM reasoning. Builds on 21 of its 43 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 29 May 2025.

Builds on

21 of 43 references.

Closest ancestors · 7

Same direction, newest first

  1. 2025GenPRM: Scaling Test-Time Compute of Process Reward Models via Generative Reasoning1 Apr
  2. 2025Process Reward Models for LLM Agents: Practical Framework and Directions14 Feb
  3. 2025DeepSeek-R1: Incentivizing Reasoning Capability in LLMs via Reinforcement Learning22 Jan
  4. 2025The Lessons of Developing Process Reward Models in Mathematical Reasoning13 Jan
  5. 2025PRMBench: A Fine-grained and Challenging Benchmark for Process-Level Reward Models6 Jan
  6. 2024ProcessBench: Identifying Process Errors in Mathematical Reasoning9 Dec
  7. 2023Math-Shepherd: Verify and Reinforce LLMs Step-by-step without Human Annotations14 Dec

Other references · 14

  1. 2021LoRA: Low-Rank Adaptation of Large Language Modelscited by 14,231
  2. 2021Training Verifiers to Solve Math Word Problemscited by 9,916
  3. 2024DeepSeekMath: Pushing the Limits of Mathematical Reasoning in Open Language Modelscited by 9,091
  4. 2024Qwen2.5-Math Technical Report: Toward Mathematical Expert Model via Self-Improvementcited by 1,077
  5. 2024RewardBench: Evaluating Reward Models for Language Modelingcited by 488
  6. 2024Omni-MATH: A Universal Olympiad Level Mathematic Benchmark For Large Language Modelscited by 280
  7. 2024Critique-out-Loud Reward Modelscited by 105
  8. 2025A Survey on Post-training of Large Language Modelscited by 53
  9. 2025A Survey of Test-Time Compute: From Intuitive Inference to Deliberate Reasoningcited by 40
  10. 2025Thinking Longer, Not Larger: Enhancing Software Engineering Agents via Scaling Test-Time Computecited by 26
  11. 2023The Art of SOCRATIC QUESTIONING: Recursive Thinking with Large Language Modelscited by 22
  12. 2025Supervising the search process produces reliable and generalizable information-seeking agentscited by 20
2 more
  1. 2023Large Language Model for Science: A Study on P vs. NPcited by 12
  2. 2024MTMT: Consolidating Multiple Thinking Modes to Form a Thought Tree for Strengthening LLMcited by 3

Built on by

Cited by year (2026 to 13 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2025: 3; 2026: 2.

5 papers.

Similar, not cited

Close in wording, no citation either way

  1. 2025R-PRM: Reasoning-Driven Process Reward Modeling
  2. 2026LLM Reasoning with Process Rewards for Outcome-Guided Steps
  3. 2023Let's reward step by step: Step-Level reward model as the Navigators for Reasoning
  4. 2025From Mathematical Reasoning to Code: Generalization of Process Reward Models in Test-Time Scaling
  5. 2026Process Reward Models Meet Planning: Generating Precise and Scalable Datasets for Step-Level Rewards
  6. 2026The Hidden Bias of Process Reward Models:PRISM for Rewarding the Right Reasoning
  7. 2024Free Process Rewards without Process Labels
  8. 2026Verifiable Counterfactual Supervision for Process Reward Models