mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

Endowing Embodied Agents with Spatial Reasoning Capabilities for Vision-and-Language Navigation

arXiv 2504.08806 ↗First posted 9 Apr 2025cs.AI cs.ROcited by 4

Not on the map. Why?

Abstract (arXiv)

Enhancing the spatial perception capabilities of mobile robots is crucial for achieving embodied Vision-and-Language Navigation (VLN). Although significant progress has been made in simulated environments, directly transferring these capabilities to real-world scenarios often results in severe hallucination phenomena, causing robots to lose effective spatial awareness. To address this issue, we propose BrainNav, a bio-inspired spatial cognitive navigation framework inspired by biological spatial cognition theories and cognitive map theory. BrainNav integrates dual-map (coordinate map and topological map) and dual-orientation (relative orientation and absolute orientation) strategies, enabling real-time navigation through dynamic scene capture and path planning. Its five core modules-Hippocampal Memory Hub, Visual Cortex Perception Engine, Parietal Spatial Constructor, Prefrontal Decision Center, and Cerebellar Motion Execution Unit-mimic biological cognitive functions to reduce spatial hallucinations and enhance adaptability. Validated in a zero-shot real-world lab environment using the Limo Pro robot, BrainNav, compatible with GPT-4, outperforms existing State-of-the-Art (SOTA) Vision-and-Language Navigation in Continuous Environments (VLN-CE) methods without fine-tuning.

Key facts. Cited by 4 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 44 of its 57 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 9 Apr 2025.

Builds on

44 of 57 references.

References · 44

  1. 2021Learning Transferable Visual Models From Natural Language Supervisioncited by 33,744
  2. 2023Visual Instruction Tuningcited by 7,869
  3. 2023InternVL: Scaling up Vision Foundation Models and Aligning for Generic Visual-Linguistic Taskscited by 2,565
  4. 2021Learning to Prompt for Vision-Language Modelscited by 2,281
  5. 2017Matterport3D: Learning from RGB-D Data in Indoor Environmentscited by 1,376
  6. 2017Vision-and-Language Navigation: Interpreting visually-grounded navigation instructions in real environmentscited by 1,027
  7. 2015ORB-SLAM: a Versatile and Accurate Monocular SLAM Systemcited by 988
  8. 2017AI2-THOR: An Interactive 3D Environment for Visual AIcited by 869
  9. 2023Multimodal Chain-of-Thought Reasoning in Language Modelscited by 752
  10. 2023Siren's Song in the AI Ocean: A Survey on Hallucination in Large Language Modelscited by 698
  11. 2021DROID-SLAM: Deep Visual SLAM for Monocular, Stereo, and RGB-D Camerascited by 687
  12. 2021NICE-SLAM: Neural Implicit Scalable Encoding for SLAMcited by 589
32 more
  1. 2021iMAP: Implicit Mapping and Positioning in Real-Timecited by 476
  2. 2020Beyond the Nav-Graph: Vision-and-Language Navigation in Continuous Environmentscited by 441
  3. 2022LM-Nav: Robotic Navigation with Large Pre-Trained Models of Language, Vision, and Actioncited by 439
  4. 2020Room-Across-Room: Multilingual Vision-and-Language Navigation with Dense Spatiotemporal Groundingcited by 414
  5. 2022Visual Language Maps for Robot Navigationcited by 365
  6. 2019REVERIE: Remote Embodied Visual Referring Expression in Real Indoor Environmentscited by 333
  7. 2020Learning to Explore using Active Neural SLAMcited by 316
  8. 2023NavGPT: Explicit Reasoning in Vision-and-Language Navigation with Large Language Modelscited by 280
  9. 2023ViNT: A Foundation Model for Visual Navigationcited by 222
  10. 2023What does CLIP know about a red circle? Visual prompt engineering for VLMscited by 218
  11. 2023Co-SLAM: Joint Coordinate and Sparse Parametric Encodings for Neural Real-Time SLAMcited by 184
  12. 2023Point-SLAM: Dense Neural Point Cloud-based SLAMcited by 160
  13. 2023Towards Learning a Generalist Model for Embodied Navigationcited by 138
  14. 2023Instruct2Act: Mapping Multi-modality Instructions to Robotic Actions with Large Language Modelcited by 116
  15. 2023Discuss Before Moving: Visual Language Navigation via Multi-expert Discussionscited by 110
  16. 2024A Comprehensive Survey of Hallucination in Large Language, Image, Video and Audio Foundation Modelscited by 100
  17. 2024AutoRT: Embodied Foundation Models for Large Scale Orchestration of Robotic Agentscited by 87
  18. 2023ChatGPT Asks, BLIP-2 Answers: Automatic Questioning Towards Enriched Visual Descriptionscited by 86
  19. 2024MapGPT: Map-Guided Prompting with Adaptive Path Planning for Vision-and-Language Navigationcited by 86
  20. 2022Instance-Specific Image Goal Navigation: Training Embodied Agents to Find Object Instancescited by 55
  21. 2024ImagineNav: Prompting Vision-Language Models as Embodied Navigator through Scene Imaginationcited by 38
  22. 2021Differentiable SLAM-net: Learning Particle SLAM for Visual Navigationcited by 34
  23. 2024Easy Problems That LLMs Get Wrongcited by 30
  24. 2023Safe-VLN: Collision Avoidance for Vision-and-Language Navigation of Autonomous Robots Operating in Continuous Environmentscited by 22
  25. 2024RoboMatrix: A Skill-centric Hierarchical Framework for Scalable Robot Task Planning and Execution in Open-Worldcited by 22
  26. 2019Multimodal Attention Networks for Low-Level Vision-and-Language Navigationcited by 17
  27. 2024Topograph: An efficient Graph-Based Framework for Strictly Topology Preserving Image Segmentationcited by 17
  28. 2023Dynamic Prompting: A Unified Framework for Prompt Tuningcited by 12
  29. 2021Image-Goal Navigation in Complex Environments via Modular Learningcited by 10
  30. 2024Vision-Language Navigation with Embodied Intelligence: A Surveycited by 9
  31. 2022Lightweight Object-level Topological Semantic Mapping and Long-term Global Localization based on Graph Matchingcited by 2
  32. 2022PlaneSLAM: Plane-based LiDAR SLAM for Motion Planning in Structured 3D Environmentscited by 1

Built on by

Cited by year (2026 to 14 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2025: 2; 2026: 2.

4 papers.

Similar, not cited

Close in wording, no citation either way

  1. 2025From reactive to cognitive: brain-inspired spatial intelligence for embodied agents
  2. 2026Mind over Space: Can Multimodal Large Language Models Mentally Navigate?
  3. 2025Mind Meets Space: Rethinking Agentic Spatial Intelligence from a Neuroscience-inspired Perspective
  4. 2026SpaceVLN: A Zero-Shot Vision-and-Language Navigation Agent with Online Spatial Cognitive Memory and Reasoning
  5. 2026Towards Dual-Brain Minimal Sufficient Representation for Vision-Language Navigation
  6. 2026LightNav-0: Eliciting VLM Spatial Intelligence for Generalist Embodied Navigation
  7. 2025MapNav: A Novel Memory Representation via Annotated Semantic Maps for Vision-and-Language Navigation
  8. 2025WMNav: Integrating Vision-Language Models into World Models for Object Goal Navigation