mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

Low-resource Machine Translation for Code-switched Kazakh-Russian Language Pair

arXiv 2503.20007 ↗First posted 25 Mar 2025cs.CL cs.LGcited by 3

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Abstract (arXiv)

Machine translation for low resource language pairs is a challenging task. This task could become extremely difficult once a speaker uses code switching. We propose a method to build a machine translation model for code-switched Kazakh-Russian language pair with no labeled data. Our method is basing on generation of synthetic data. Additionally, we present the first codeswitching Kazakh-Russian parallel corpus and the evaluation results, which include a model achieving 16.48 BLEU almost reaching an existing commercial system and beating it by human evaluation.

Key facts. Cited by 3 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 27 of its 53 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 25 Mar 2025.

Builds on

27 of 53 references.

References · 27

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15 more
  1. 2019Training Neural Machine Translation To Apply Terminology Constraintscited by 73
  2. 2020SemEval-2020 Task 9: Overview of Sentiment Analysis of Code-Mixed Tweetscited by 62
  3. 2021Are Multilingual Models Effective in Code-Switching?cited by 56
  4. 2019Code-Switched Language Models Using Neural Based Synthetic Data from Parallel Sentencescited by 55
  5. 2019Code-Switching for Enhancing NMT with Pre-Specified Translationcited by 53
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  7. 2019Overview for the Second Shared Task on Language Identification in Code-Switched Datacited by 33
  8. 2021Many-to-English Machine Translation Tools, Data, and Pretrained Modelscited by 31
  9. 2022End-to-End Speech Translation for Code Switched Speechcited by 26
  10. 2019Named Entity Recognition on Code-Switched Data: Overview of the CALCS 2018 Shared Taskcited by 24
  11. 2021Can You Traducir This? Machine Translation for Code-Switched Inputcited by 21
  12. 2019From English to Code-Switching: Transfer Learning with Strong Morphological Cluescited by 18
  13. 2018Code-switched Language Models Using Dual RNNs and Same-Source Pretrainingcited by 16
  14. 2018Language Modeling for Code-Switching: Evaluation, Integration of Monolingual Data, and Discriminative Trainingcited by 14
  15. 2023The Effect of Alignment Objectives on Code-Switching Translationcited by 1

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Cited by year

Citing papers per year: 2025: 3.

3 papers.

  1. 2025Beyond Monolingual Assumptions: A Survey of Code-Switched NLP in the Era of Large Language Models across Modalitiescited by 5
  2. 2025VietMix: A Naturally-Occurring Parallel Corpus and Augmentation Framework for Vietnamese-English Code-Mixed Machine Translationcited by 1
  3. 2025Towards Fine-Grained Code-Switch Speech Translation with Semantic Space Alignmentcited by 1