Guess What I am Thinking: A Benchmark for Inner Thought Reasoning of Role-Playing Language Agents
On the map: LLM reasoning → Reasoning benchmarks and evaluation
also in 1 more
Abstract (arXiv)
Recent advances in LLM-based role-playing language agents (RPLAs) have attracted broad attention in various applications. While chain-of-thought reasoning has shown importance in many tasks for LLMs, the internal thinking processes of RPLAs remain unexplored. Understanding characters' inner thoughts is crucial for developing advanced RPLAs. In this paper, we introduce ROLETHINK, a novel benchmark constructed from literature for evaluating character thought generation. We propose the task of inner thought reasoning, which includes two sets: the gold set that compares generated thoughts with original character monologues, and the silver set that uses expert synthesized character analyses as references. To address this challenge, we propose MIRROR, a chain-of-thought approach that generates character thoughts by retrieving memories, predicting character reactions, and synthesizing motivations. Through extensive experiments, we demonstrate the importance of inner thought reasoning for RPLAs, and MIRROR consistently outperforms existing methods. Resources are available at https://github.com/airaer1998/RPA_Thought.
Key facts. Cited by 5 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Placed in Reasoning benchmarks and evaluation, one of 17 directions in LLM reasoning. Builds on 28 of its 38 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 11 Mar 2025.
Builds on
28 of 38 references.
References · 28
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16 more
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- 2025Towards System 2 Reasoning in LLMs: Learning How to Think With Meta Chain-of-Thoughtcited by 109
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Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2025: 3; 2026: 2.
5 papers.
- 2025Thinking in Character: Advancing Role-Playing Agents with Role-Aware Reasoningcited by 14
- 2025Humanizing Machines: Rethinking LLM Anthropomorphism Through a Multi-Level Framework of Designcited by 11
- 2025CogDual: Enhancing Dual Cognition of LLMs via Reinforcement Learning with Implicit Rule-Based Rewardscited by 6
- 2026SOTOPIA-TOM: Evaluating Privacy and Information Management in Multi-Agent Interaction with Theory of Mindcited by 3
- 2026OSPD: On-Policy Self-Distillation for Persona-Consistent Dialoguecited by 0
- 2026OSPD: On-Policy Self-Distillation for Persona-Consistent Dialogue28 Sep 2026
- 2026SOTOPIA-TOM: Evaluating Privacy and Information Management in Multi-Agent Interaction with Theory of Mind4 May 2026
- 2025Humanizing Machines: Rethinking LLM Anthropomorphism Through a Multi-Level Framework of Design25 Aug 2025
- 2025CogDual: Enhancing Dual Cognition of LLMs via Reinforcement Learning with Implicit Rule-Based Rewards23 Jul 2025
- 2025Thinking in Character: Advancing Role-Playing Agents with Role-Aware Reasoning2 Jun 2025
Similar, not cited
Close in wording, no citation either way
- 2024Thinking Before Speaking: A Role-playing Model with Mindset
- 2024OpenToM: A Comprehensive Benchmark for Evaluating Theory-of-Mind Reasoning Capabilities of Large Language Models
- 2026Role-Playing Agents Driven by Large Language Models: Current Status, Challenges, and Future Trends
- 2026Improving General Role-Playing Agents via Psychology-Grounded Reasoning and Role-Aware Policy Optimization
- 2025Reasoning Does Not Necessarily Improve Role-Playing Ability
- 2026Cognitive Enhancement: Rethinking the Necessity of Role-Playing for Large Language Models
- 2025Language Models Might Not Understand You: Evaluating Theory of Mind via Story Prompting
- 2025Test-Time-Matching: Decouple Personality, Memory, and Linguistic Style in LLM-based Role-Playing Language Agent