mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

MedRAX: Medical Reasoning Agent for Chest X-ray

arXiv 2502.02673 ↗First posted 4 Feb 2025cs.LG cs.AI cs.MAcited by 68

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Cited by 28 in LLM agents and tool use, but placed by its own abstract, which didn’t fit.

Abstract (arXiv)

Chest X-rays (CXRs) play an integral role in driving critical decisions in disease management and patient care. While recent innovations have led to specialized models for various CXR interpretation tasks, these solutions often operate in isolation, limiting their practical utility in clinical practice. We present MedRAX, the first versatile AI agent that seamlessly integrates state-of-the-art CXR analysis tools and multimodal large language models into a unified framework. MedRAX dynamically leverages these models to address complex medical queries without requiring additional training. To rigorously evaluate its capabilities, we introduce ChestAgentBench, a comprehensive benchmark containing 2,500 complex medical queries across 7 diverse categories. Our experiments demonstrate that MedRAX achieves state-of-the-art performance compared to both open-source and proprietary models, representing a significant step toward the practical deployment of automated CXR interpretation systems. Data and code have been publicly available at https://github.com/bowang-lab/MedRAX

Key facts. Cited by 68 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 21 of its 39 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 4 Feb 2025.

Builds on

21 of 39 references.

References · 21

  1. 2023SWE-bench: Can Language Models Resolve Real-World GitHub Issues?cited by 3,193
  2. 2023The Rise and Potential of Large Language Model Based Agents: A Surveycited by 1,422
  3. 2023LLaVA-Med: Training a Large Language-and-Vision Assistant for Biomedicine in One Daycited by 1,287
  4. 2023AgentBench: Evaluating LLMs as Agentscited by 1,211
  5. 2023Capabilities of GPT-4 on Medical Challenge Problemscited by 630
  6. 2017CheXNet: Radiologist-Level Pneumonia Detection on Chest X-Rays with Deep Learningcited by 459
  7. 2021SLAKE: A Semantically-Labeled Knowledge-Enhanced Dataset for Medical Visual Question Answeringcited by 444
  8. 2024AgentClinic: a multimodal agent benchmark to evaluate AI in simulated clinical environmentscited by 215
  9. 2024The Landscape of Emerging AI Agent Architectures for Reasoning, Planning, and Tool Calling: A Surveycited by 164
  10. 2024MDAgents: An Adaptive Collaboration of LLMs for Medical Decision-Makingcited by 162
  11. 2021TorchXRayVision: A library of chest X-ray datasets and modelscited by 131
  12. 2024MMedAgent: Learning to Use Medical Tools with Multi-modal Agentcited by 108
9 more
  1. 2024A Vision-Language Foundation Model to Enhance Efficiency of Chest X-ray Interpretationcited by 79
  2. 2020On the limits of cross-domain generalization in automated X-ray predictioncited by 61
  3. 2023Multimodal ChatGPT for Medical Applications: an Experimental Study of GPT-4Vcited by 38
  4. 2021A Structure-Aware Relation Network for Thoracic Diseases Detection and Segmentationcited by 33
  5. 2023An In-depth Survey of Large Language Model-based Artificial Intelligence Agentscited by 30
  6. 2024MMAU: A Holistic Benchmark of Agent Capabilities Across Diverse Domainscited by 18
  7. 2023Rad-ReStruct: A Novel VQA Benchmark and Method for Structured Radiology Reportingcited by 17
  8. 2024M4CXR: Exploring Multi-task Potentials of Multi-modal Large Language Models for Chest X-ray Interpretationcited by 16
  9. 2022An Accurate and Explainable Deep Learning System Improves Interobserver Agreement in the Interpretation of Chest Radiographcited by 7

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Cited by year (2026 to 7 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2025: 20; 2026: 48.

68 papers.

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  1. 2025Large Language Model Agent: A Survey on Methodology, Applications and Challengescited by 194
  2. 2025MedAgent-Pro: Towards Evidence-based Multi-modal Medical Diagnosis via Reasoning Agentic Workflowcited by 71
  3. 2026A Survey of Agentic Reasoning for Large Language Models: Towards Recursively Self-Improving and Collective Agentscited by 47
  4. 2025El Agente: An Autonomous Agent for Quantum Chemistrycited by 43
  5. 2025BioReason: Incentivizing Multimodal Biological Reasoning within a DNA-LLM Modelcited by 35
  6. 2025MedSAM3: Delving into Segment Anything with Medical Conceptscited by 25
  7. 2025Medical Reasoning in the Era of LLMs: A Systematic Review of Enhancement Techniques and Applicationscited by 10
  8. 2026Evolving Medical Imaging Agents via Experience-driven Self-skill Discoverycited by 10
  9. 2025ADAgent: LLM Agent for Alzheimer's Disease Analysis with Collaborative Coordinatorcited by 9
  10. 2025Emerging Cyber Attack Risks of Medical AI Agentscited by 8
  11. 2025RadAgents: Multimodal Agentic Reasoning for Chest X-ray Interpretation with Radiologist-like Workflowscited by 8
  12. 2025WSI-Agents: A Collaborative Multi-Agent System for Multi-Modal Whole Slide Image Analysiscited by 7
38 more
  1. 2025CXRAgent: Director-Orchestrated Multi-Stage Reasoning for Chest X-Ray Interpretationcited by 7
  2. 2025MTBBench: A Multimodal Sequential Clinical Decision-Making Benchmark in Oncologycited by 6
  3. 2026Evo-MedAgent: Beyond One-Shot Diagnosis with Agents That Remember, Reflect, and Improvecited by 6
  4. 2026RadAgent: A tool-using AI agent for stepwise interpretation of chest computed tomographycited by 6
  5. 2025AURA: A Multi-Modal Medical Agent for Understanding, Reasoning & Annotationcited by 5
  6. 20263DMedAgent: Unified Perception-to-Understanding for 3D Medical Analysiscited by 5
  7. 2026Meissa: Multi-modal Medical Agentic Intelligencecited by 5
  8. 2026XrayClaw: Cooperative-Competitive Multi-Agent Alignment for Trustworthy Chest X-ray Diagnosiscited by 5
  9. 2026MEDVISTAGYM: A Scalable Training Environment for Thinking with Medical Images via Tool-Integrated Reinforcement Learningcited by 4
  10. 2026ECG-Agent: On-Device Tool-Calling Agent for ECG Multi-Turn Dialoguecited by 4
  11. 2026Agentic Large Language Models for Training-Free Neuro-Radiological Image Analysiscited by 4
  12. 2025EndoCogniAgent: Closed-Loop Agentic Reasoning with Self-Consistency Validation for Endoscopic Diagnosiscited by 3
  13. 2025AT-CXR: Uncertainty-Aware Agentic Triage for Chest X-rayscited by 3
  14. 2026CXReasonAgent: Evidence-Grounded Diagnostic Reasoning Agent for Chest X-rayscited by 3
  15. 2026Medical thinking with multiple imagescited by 3
  16. 2026ClinSeekAgent: Automating Multimodal Evidence Seeking for Agentic Clinical Reasoningcited by 3
  17. 2026OralAgent: Integrating Reasoning, Tools, and Knowledge for Interactive Dental Image Analysiscited by 3
  18. 2025CX-Mind: A Pioneering Multimodal Large Language Model for Interleaved Reasoning in Chest X-ray via Curriculum-Guided Reinforcement Learningcited by 2
  19. 2025Empowering Real-World: A Survey on the Technology, Practice, and Evaluation of LLM-driven Industry Agentscited by 2
  20. 2025Radiologist Copilot: An Agentic Framework Orchestrating Specialized Tools for Reliable Radiology Reportingcited by 2
  21. 2026Picking the Right Specialist: Attentive Neural Process-based Selection of Task-Specialized Models as Tools for Agentic Healthcare Systemscited by 2
  22. 2026MedObvious: Exposing the Medical Moravec's Paradox in VLMs via Clinical Triagecited by 2
  23. 2026Towards a Virtual Neuroscientist: Autonomous Neuroimaging Analysis via Multi-Agent Collaborationcited by 2
  24. 2026Which Tool Response Should I Trust? Tool-Expertise-Aware Chest X-ray Agent with Multimodal Agentic Learningcited by 1
  25. 2026StethoLM: Audio Language Model for Cardiopulmonary Analysis Across Clinical Taskscited by 1
  26. 2026DUCX: Decomposing Unfairness in Tool-Using Chest X-ray Agentscited by 1
  27. 2026Thinking Like a Clinician: A Cognitive AI Agent for Clinical Diagnosis via Panoramic Profiling and Adversarial Debatecited by 1
  28. 2026GAZE: Grounded Agentic Zero-shot Evaluation with Viewer-Level Tools and Literature Retrieval on Rare Brain MRIcited by 1
  29. 2026Mind the Tool Failures: Achieving Synergistic Tool Gains for Medical Agentscited by 1
  30. 2026CheXpercept: A Benchmark for Evaluating Expert-Level Lesion Perception in Chest X-rayscited by 1
  31. 2026Aligning Clinical Needs and AI Capabilities: A Survey on LLMs for Medical Reasoningcited by 1
  32. 2026The Path to Self-Evolving Clinical Systems: Scaling Medical Agents from Assistance to Autonomycited by 1
  33. 2025Echo-CoPilot: A Multiple-Perspective Agentic Framework for Reliable Echocardiography Interpretationcited by 0
  34. 2025Benchmark Success, Clinical Failure: When Reinforcement Learning Optimizes for Benchmarks, Not Patientscited by 0
  35. 2026CoMMa: Contribution-Aware Medical Multi-Agents for Decentralized Oncology Decision Supportcited by 0
  36. 2026Shifting Adaptation from Weight Space to Memory Space: A Memory-Augmented Agent for Medical Image Segmentationcited by 0
  37. 2026Vision-Language Models Encode Clinical Guidelines for Concept-Based Medical Reasoningcited by 0
  38. 2026FetalAgents: A Multi-Agent System for Fetal Ultrasound Image and Video Analysiscited by 0

50 most cited of 68 All 68 (JSON)

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  1. 2025RadFabric: Agentic AI System with Reasoning Capability for Radiology
  2. 2024CXR-Agent: Vision-language models for chest X-ray interpretation with uncertainty aware radiology reporting
  3. 2025Interpreting Chest X-rays Like a Radiologist: A Benchmark with Clinical Reasoning
  4. 2026A Reasoning-Enabled Vision-Language Foundation Model for Chest X-ray Interpretation
  5. 2025Toward Clinically Explainable AI for Medical Diagnosis: A Foundation Model with Human-Compatible Reasoning via Reinforcement Learning
  6. 2025From Bench to Bedside: A DeepSeek-Powered AI System for Automated Chest Radiograph Interpretation in Clinical Practice ↗
  7. 2025CXReasonBench: A Benchmark for Evaluating Structured Diagnostic Reasoning in Chest X-rays
  8. 2025ChestX-Reasoner: Advancing Radiology Foundation Models with Reasoning through Step-by-Step Verification