mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

LLM-Powered User Simulator for Recommender System

arXiv 2412.16984 ↗First posted 22 Dec 2024cs.IR cs.AIcited by 39

Not on the map. Why?

Abstract (arXiv)

User simulators can rapidly generate a large volume of timely user behavior data, providing a testing platform for reinforcement learning-based recommender systems, thus accelerating their iteration and optimization. However, prevalent user simulators generally suffer from significant limitations, including the opacity of user preference modeling and the incapability of evaluating simulation accuracy. In this paper, we introduce an LLM-powered user simulator to simulate user engagement with items in an explicit manner, thereby enhancing the efficiency and effectiveness of reinforcement learning-based recommender systems training. Specifically, we identify the explicit logic of user preferences, leverage LLMs to analyze item characteristics and distill user sentiments, and design a logical model to imitate real human engagement. By integrating a statistical model, we further enhance the reliability of the simulation, proposing an ensemble model that synergizes logical and statistical insights for user interaction simulations. Capitalizing on the extensive knowledge and semantic generation capabilities of LLMs, our user simulator faithfully emulates user behaviors and preferences, yielding high-fidelity training data that enrich the training of recommendation algorithms. We establish quantifying and qualifying experiments on five datasets to validate the simulator's effectiveness and stability across various recommendation scenarios.

Key facts. Cited by 39 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 15 of its 43 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 22 Dec 2024.

Builds on

15 of 43 references.

References · 15

  1. 2018BERT: Pre-training of Deep Bidirectional Transformers for Language Understandingcited by 40,399
  2. 2017Proximal Policy Optimization Algorithmscited by 15,215
  3. 2021On the Opportunities and Risks of Foundation Modelscited by 4,033
  4. 2013Playing Atari with Deep Reinforcement Learningcited by 3,274
  5. 2023Sparks of Artificial General Intelligence: Early experiments with GPT-4cited by 2,592
  6. 2023Navigate through Enigmatic Labyrinth A Survey of Chain of Thought Reasoning: Advances, Frontiers and Futurecited by 184
  7. 2023LLM Lies: Hallucinations are not Bugs, but Features as Adversarial Examplescited by 177
  8. 2019RecSim: A Configurable Simulation Platform for Recommender Systemscited by 94
  9. 2018RecoGym: A Reinforcement Learning Environment for the problem of Product Recommendation in Online Advertisingcited by 65
  10. 2023Rethinking the Evaluation for Conversational Recommendation in the Era of Large Language Modelscited by 48
  11. 2024Rethinking Large Language Model Architectures for Sequential Recommendationscited by 27
  12. 2024Large Language Model Distilling Medication Recommendation Modelcited by 26
3 more
  1. 2023MILL: Mutual Verification with Large Language Models for Zero-Shot Query Expansioncited by 23
  2. 2024Large Language Model Simulator for Cold-Start Recommendationcited by 10
  3. 2024Large Language Model Enhanced Recommender Systems: A Surveycited by 10

Built on by

Cited by year (2026 to 14 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2025: 20; 2026: 19.

39 papers.

Sort:

By area:

  1. 2025A Survey on LLM-powered Agents for Recommender Systemscited by 50
  2. 2025A Survey of Large Language Model Empowered Agents for Recommendation and Search: Towards Next-Generation Information Retrievalcited by 33
  3. 2025AgentCF++: Memory-enhanced LLM-based Agents for Popularity-aware Cross-domain Recommendationscited by 24
  4. 2025RecoWorld: Building Simulated Environments for Agentic Recommender Systemscited by 19
  5. 2026A Survey on LLM-based Conversational User Simulationcited by 18
  6. 2025Logic Jailbreak: Efficiently Unlocking LLM Safety Restrictions Through Formal Logical Expressioncited by 16
  7. 2025Position: The Real Barrier to LLM Agent Usability is Agentic ROIcited by 12
  8. 2026ConvApparel: A Benchmark Dataset and Validation Framework for User Simulators in Conversational Recommenderscited by 12
  9. 2025ThinkRec: Thinking-based recommendation via LLMcited by 11
  10. 2025Personalize Before Retrieve: LLM-based Personalized Query Expansion for User-Centric Retrievalcited by 11
  11. 2026Quantifying the Utility of User Simulators for Building Collaborative LLM Assistantscited by 10
  12. 2026Clarify Before You Draw: Proactive Agents for Robust Text-to-CAD Generationcited by 7
27 more
  1. 2025Towards Personalized Conversational Sales Agents: Contextual User Profiling for Strategic Actioncited by 6
  2. 2025CrowdLLM: Building LLM-Based Digital Populations Augmented with Generative Modelscited by 5
  3. 2025Mirroring Users: Towards Building Preference-aligned User Simulator with User Feedback in Recommendationcited by 4
  4. 2025Talk Less, Call Right: Enhancing Role-Play LLM Agents with Automatic Prompt Optimization and Role Promptingcited by 4
  5. 2026Exploring Recommender System Evaluation: A Multi-Modal User Agent Framework for A/B Testingcited by 4
  6. 2026Autonomous Information Seeking: A Roadmap for Agentic Recommender Systemscited by 4
  7. 2025TAPO: Task-Referenced Adaptation for Prompt Optimizationcited by 3
  8. 2025LLM-Based User Simulation for Low-Knowledge Shilling Attacks on Recommender Systemscited by 3
  9. 2025GFlowGR: Fine-tuning Generative Recommendation Frameworks with Generative Flow Networkscited by 3
  10. 2025TalkPlayData 2: An Agentic Synthetic Data Pipeline for Multimodal Conversational Music Recommendationcited by 3
  11. 2025G-UBS: Towards Robust Understanding of Implicit Feedback via Group-Aware User Behavior Simulationcited by 2
  12. 2025Quantifying the Potential to Escape Filter Bubbles: A Behavior-Aware Measure via Contrastive Simulationcited by 2
  13. 2025LLMs Meet Cross-Modal Time Series Analytics: Overview and Directionscited by 1
  14. 2025MMSRARec: Summarization and Retrieval Augumented Sequential Recommendation Based on Multimodal Large Language Modelcited by 1
  15. 2026Judging with Personality and Confidence: A Study on Personality-Conditioned LLM Relevance Assessmentcited by 1
  16. 2026ShiJianBench: From Dialogue to Decision for Long-Horizon Evaluation of Investment Advisorscited by 1
  17. 2026CoNRec: Context-Discerning Negative Recommendation with LLMscited by 0
  18. 2026PersonaAct: Simulating Short-Video Users with Personalized Agents for Counterfactual Filter Bubble Auditingcited by 0
  19. 2026LLM-driven Multimodal Recommendationcited by 0
  20. 2026Generative Pseudo-Labeling for Pre-Ranking with LLMscited by 0
  21. 2026Through Their Eyes: Fixation-aligned Tuning for Personalized User Emulationcited by 0
  22. 2026Meituan Merchant Business Diagnosis via Policy-Guided Dual-Process User Simulationcited by 0
  23. 2026AgentGR: Semantic-aware Agentic Group Decision-Making Simulator for Group Recommendationcited by 0
  24. 2026TailorMind: Towards Preference-Aligned Multimodal Content Generationcited by 0
  25. 2026SR-Agent: An Experience-Driven Agentic Framework for Post-Ranking Strategy Refinement in E-Commerce Recommendationcited by 0
  26. 2026Agents as Knowledge Integrator and Utilizer in Multimodal Recommendationcited by 0
  27. 2026PsyBer-Agent: A Psychology-Driven User Agent for Recommender Systemscited by 0

Similar, not cited

Close in wording, no citation either way

  1. 2024Lusifer: LLM-based User SImulated Feedback Environment for online Recommender systems
  2. 2024SUBER: An RL Environment with Simulated Human Behavior for Recommender Systems
  3. 2026LLM-Enhanced Reinforcement Learning for Long-Term User Satisfaction in Interactive Recommendation
  4. 2026User Simulator-Guided Multi-Turn Preference Optimization for Reasoning LLM-based Conversational Recommendation
  5. 2025RecUserSim: A Realistic and Diverse User Simulator for Evaluating Conversational Recommender Systems
  6. 2025User Feedback Alignment for LLM-powered Exploration in Large-scale Recommendation Systems
  7. 2024UOEP: User-Oriented Exploration Policy for Enhancing Long-Term User Experiences in Recommender Systems
  8. 2023AgentCF: Collaborative Learning with Autonomous Language Agents for Recommender Systems