Luna: An Evaluation Foundation Model to Catch Language Model Hallucinations with High Accuracy and Low Cost
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Abstract (arXiv)
Retriever Augmented Generation (RAG) systems have become pivotal in enhancing the capabilities of language models by incorporating external knowledge retrieval mechanisms. However, a significant challenge in deploying these systems in industry applications is the detection and mitigation of hallucinations: instances where the model generates information that is not grounded in the retrieved context. Addressing this issue is crucial for ensuring the reliability and accuracy of responses generated by large language models (LLMs) in diverse industry settings. Current hallucination detection techniques fail to deliver accuracy, low latency, and low cost simultaneously. We introduce Luna: a DeBERTA-large (440M) encoder, finetuned for hallucination detection in RAG settings. We demonstrate that Luna outperforms GPT-3.5 and commercial evaluation frameworks on the hallucination detection task, with 97% and 91% reduction in cost and latency, respectively. Luna is lightweight and generalizes across multiple industry verticals and out-of-domain data, making it an ideal candidate for industry LLM applications.
Key facts. Cited by 5 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 44 of its 56 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 3 Jun 2024.
Builds on
44 of 56 references.
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Citing papers per year: 2024: 3; 2025: 2.
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- 2024LOGO -- Long cOntext aliGnment via efficient preference Optimizationcited by 9
- 2025What are Models Thinking about? Understanding Large Language Model Hallucinations "Psychology" through Model Inner State Analysiscited by 2
- 2024RAGulator: Lightweight Out-of-Context Detectors for Grounded Text Generationcited by 1
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- 2025ORION Grounded in Context: Retrieval-Based Method for Hallucination Detection22 Apr 2025
- 2025What are Models Thinking about? Understanding Large Language Model Hallucinations "Psychology" through Model Inner State Analysis19 Feb 2025
- 2024RAGulator: Lightweight Out-of-Context Detectors for Grounded Text Generation6 Nov 2024
- 2024LOGO -- Long cOntext aliGnment via efficient preference Optimization24 Oct 2024
- 2024InsightBench: Evaluating Business Analytics Agents Through Multi-Step Insight Generation8 Jul 2024
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