mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

Benchmarks Underestimate the Readiness of Multi-lingual Dialogue Agents

arXiv 2405.17840 ↗First posted 28 May 2024cs.CLcited by 1

On the map: LLM agents and tool use → General LLM agent frameworks and benchmarks

Abstract (arXiv)

Creating multilingual task-oriented dialogue (TOD) agents is challenging due to the high cost of training data acquisition. Following the research trend of improving training data efficiency, we show for the first time, that in-context learning is sufficient to tackle multilingual TOD. To handle the challenging dialogue state tracking (DST) subtask, we break it down to simpler steps that are more compatible with in-context learning where only a handful of few-shot examples are used. We test our approach on the multilingual TOD dataset X-RiSAWOZ, which has 12 domains in Chinese, English, French, Korean, Hindi, and code-mixed Hindi-English. Our turn-by-turn DST accuracy on the 6 languages range from 55.6% to 80.3%, seemingly worse than the SOTA results from fine-tuned models that achieve from 60.7% to 82.8%; our BLEU scores in the response generation (RG) subtask are also significantly lower than SOTA. However, after manual evaluation of the validation set, we find that by correcting gold label errors and improving dataset annotation schema, GPT-4 with our prompts can achieve (1) 89.6%-96.8% accuracy in DST, and (2) more than 99% correct response generation across different languages. This leads us to conclude that current automatic metrics heavily underestimate the effectiveness of in-context learning.

Key facts. Cited by 1 paper in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Placed in General LLM agent frameworks and benchmarks, one of 16 directions in LLM agents and tool use. Builds on 29 of its 39 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 28 May 2024.

Builds on

29 of 39 references.

References · 29

  1. 2020Language Models are Few-Shot Learnerscited by 32,419
  2. 2019The Curious Case of Neural Text Degenerationcited by 2,916
  3. 2018MultiWOZ -- A Large-Scale Multi-Domain Wizard-of-Oz Dataset for Task-Oriented Dialogue Modellingcited by 766
  4. 2020Beyond English-Centric Multilingual Machine Translationcited by 561
  5. 2019Towards Scalable Multi-domain Conversational Agents: The Schema-Guided Dialogue Datasetcited by 434
  6. 2023MEGA: Multilingual Evaluation of Generative AIcited by 293
  7. 2024Leak, Cheat, Repeat: Data Contamination and Evaluation Malpractices in Closed-Source LLMscited by 229
  8. 2020MultiWOZ 2.2 : A Dialogue Dataset with Additional Annotation Corrections and State Tracking Baselinescited by 204
  9. 2019Taskmaster-1: Toward a Realistic and Diverse Dialog Datasetcited by 140
  10. 2020Task-Oriented Dialogue as Dataflow Synthesiscited by 122
  11. 2021MultiWOZ 2.4: A Multi-Domain Task-Oriented Dialogue Dataset with Essential Annotation Corrections to Improve State Tracking Evaluationcited by 88
  12. 2020CrossWOZ: A Large-Scale Chinese Cross-Domain Task-Oriented Dialogue Datasetcited by 66
17 more
  1. 2020Zero-Shot Transfer Learning with Synthesized Data for Multi-Domain Dialogue State Trackingcited by 65
  2. 2021BiToD: A Bilingual Multi-Domain Dataset For Task-Oriented Dialogue Modelingcited by 56
  3. 2020MultiWOZ 2.3: A multi-domain task-oriented dialogue dataset enhanced with annotation corrections and co-reference annotationcited by 51
  4. 2022Description-Driven Task-Oriented Dialog Modelingcited by 50
  5. 2020RiSAWOZ: A Large-Scale Multi-Domain Wizard-of-Oz Dataset with Rich Semantic Annotations for Task-Oriented Dialogue Modelingcited by 41
  6. 2020Conversational Semantic Parsing for Dialog State Trackingcited by 40
  7. 2023Hierarchical Prompting Assists Large Language Model on Web Navigationcited by 36
  8. 2021SGD-X: A Benchmark for Robust Generalization in Schema-Guided Dialogue Systemscited by 34
  9. 2021Zero-shot Generalization in Dialog State Tracking through Generative Question Answeringcited by 33
  10. 2021GlobalWoZ: Globalizing MultiWoZ to Develop Multilingual Task-Oriented Dialogue Systemscited by 31
  11. 2023A Preliminary Evaluation of ChatGPT for Zero-shot Dialogue Understandingcited by 31
  12. 2022Multi2WOZ: A Robust Multilingual Dataset and Conversational Pretraining for Task-Oriented Dialogcited by 30
  13. 2023X-RiSAWOZ: High-Quality End-to-End Multilingual Dialogue Datasets and Few-shot Agentscited by 13
  14. 2021Contextual Semantic Parsing for Multilingual Task-Oriented Dialoguescited by 10
  15. 2020A Few-Shot Semantic Parser for Wizard-of-Oz Dialogues with the Precise ThingTalk Representationcited by 8
  16. 2022ThingTalk: An Extensible, Executable Representation Language for Task-Oriented Dialoguescited by 6
  17. 2023Zero and Few-Shot Localization of Task-Oriented Dialogue Agents with a Distilled Representationcited by 4

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  4. 2023Diverse Retrieval-Augmented In-Context Learning for Dialogue State Tracking
  5. 2025MEDAL: A Framework for Benchmarking LLMs as Multilingual Open-Domain Dialogue Evaluators
  6. 2024Improving Multi-Domain Task-Oriented Dialogue System with Offline Reinforcement Learning
  7. 2023SpokenWOZ: A Large-Scale Speech-Text Benchmark for Spoken Task-Oriented Dialogue Agents
  8. 2026Context-Agent: Dynamic Discourse Trees for Non-Linear Dialogue