Zero and Few-Shot Localization of Task-Oriented Dialogue Agents with a Distilled Representation
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Abstract (arXiv)
Task-oriented Dialogue (ToD) agents are mostly limited to a few widely-spoken languages, mainly due to the high cost of acquiring training data for each language. Existing low-cost approaches that rely on cross-lingual embeddings or naive machine translation sacrifice a lot of accuracy for data efficiency, and largely fail in creating a usable dialogue agent. We propose automatic methods that use ToD training data in a source language to build a high-quality functioning dialogue agent in another target language that has no training data (i.e. zero-shot) or a small training set (i.e. few-shot). Unlike most prior work in cross-lingual ToD that only focuses on Dialogue State Tracking (DST), we build an end-to-end agent. We show that our approach closes the accuracy gap between few-shot and existing full-shot methods for ToD agents. We achieve this by (1) improving the dialogue data representation, (2) improving entity-aware machine translation, and (3) automatic filtering of noisy translations. We evaluate our approach on the recent bilingual dialogue dataset BiToD. In Chinese to English transfer, in the zero-shot setting, our method achieves 46.7% and 22.0% in Task Success Rate (TSR) and Dialogue Success Rate (DSR) respectively. In the few-shot setting where 10% of the data in the target language is used, we improve the state-of-the-art by 15.2% and 14.0%, coming within 5% of full-shot training.
Key facts. Cited by 4 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 31 of its 46 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 18 Feb 2023.
Builds on
31 of 46 references.
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Citing papers per year: 2023: 1; 2024: 2; 2025: 1.
4 papers.
- 2023X-RiSAWOZ: High-Quality End-to-End Multilingual Dialogue Datasets and Few-shot Agentscited by 12
- 2024NextLevelBERT: Masked Language Modeling with Higher-Level Representations for Long Documentscited by 2
- 2024Benchmarks Underestimate the Readiness of Multi-lingual Dialogue Agentscited by 1
- 2025Spec-TOD: A Specialized Instruction-Tuned LLM Framework for Efficient Task-Oriented Dialogue Systemscited by 0
- 2025Spec-TOD: A Specialized Instruction-Tuned LLM Framework for Efficient Task-Oriented Dialogue Systems7 Jul 2025
- 2024Benchmarks Underestimate the Readiness of Multi-lingual Dialogue Agents28 May 2024
- 2024NextLevelBERT: Masked Language Modeling with Higher-Level Representations for Long Documents27 Feb 2024
- 2023X-RiSAWOZ: High-Quality End-to-End Multilingual Dialogue Datasets and Few-shot Agents30 Jun 2023