mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

Collage is the New Writing: Exploring the Fragmentation of Text and User Interfaces in AI Tools

arXiv 2405.17217 ↗First posted 27 May 2024cs.HC cs.CLcited by 13

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Abstract (arXiv)

This essay proposes and explores the concept of Collage for the design of AI writing tools, transferred from avant-garde literature with four facets: 1) fragmenting text in writing interfaces, 2) juxtaposing voices (content vs command), 3) integrating material from multiple sources (e.g. text suggestions), and 4) shifting from manual writing to editorial and compositional decision-making, such as selecting and arranging snippets. The essay then employs Collage as an analytical lens to analyse the user interface design of recent AI writing tools, and as a constructive lens to inspire new design directions. Finally, a critical perspective relates the concerns that writers historically expressed through literary collage to AI writing tools. In a broad view, this essay explores how literary concepts can help advance design theory around AI writing tools. It encourages creators of future writing tools to engage not only with new technological possibilities, but also with past writing innovations.

Key facts. Cited by 13 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 26 of its 86 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 27 May 2024.

Builds on

26 of 86 references.

References · 26

  1. 2022Survey of Hallucination in Natural Language Generationcited by 2,056
  2. 2022CoAuthor: Designing a Human-AI Collaborative Writing Dataset for Exploring Language Model Capabilitiescited by 245
  3. 2022Co-Writing Screenplays and Theatre Scripts with Language Models: An Evaluation by Industry Professionalscited by 191
  4. 2023Does Writing with Language Models Reduce Content Diversity?cited by 190
  5. 2019Gmail Smart Compose: Real-Time Assisted Writingcited by 97
  6. 2023The Metacognitive Demands and Opportunities of Generative AIcited by 85
  7. 2021Sparks: Inspiration for Science Writing using Language Modelscited by 80
  8. 2024A Design Space for Intelligent and Interactive Writing Assistantscited by 76
  9. 2021The Impact of Multiple Parallel Phrase Suggestions on Email Input and Composition Behaviour of Native and Non-Native English Writerscited by 61
  10. 2016Smart Reply: Automated Response Suggestion for Emailcited by 54
  11. 2022Beyond Text Generation: Supporting Writers with Continuous Automatic Text Summariescited by 47
  12. 2023VISAR: A Human-AI Argumentative Writing Assistant with Visual Programming and Rapid Draft Prototypingcited by 46
14 more
  1. 2024The Value, Benefits, and Concerns of Generative AI-Powered Assistance in Writingcited by 37
  2. 2023Choice Over Control: How Users Write with Large Language Models using Diegetic and Non-Diegetic Promptingcited by 36
  3. 2023Writer-Defined AI Personas for On-Demand Feedback Generationcited by 36
  4. 2020Text Editing by Commandcited by 33
  5. 2023ConvXAI: Delivering Heterogeneous AI Explanations via Conversations to Support Human-AI Scientific Writingcited by 31
  6. 2022LaMPost: Design and Evaluation of an AI-assisted Email Writing Prototype for Adults with Dyslexiacited by 27
  7. 2022Interacting with next-phrase suggestions: How suggestion systems aid and influence the cognitive processes of writingcited by 27
  8. 2023The HaLLMark Effect: Supporting Provenance and Transparent Use of Large Language Models in Writing with Interactive Visualizationcited by 23
  9. 2024Rambler: Supporting Writing With Speech via LLM-Assisted Gist Manipulationcited by 18
  10. 2021Effective Interfaces for Student-Driven Revision Sessions for Argumentative Writingcited by 12
  11. 2023Storyfier: Exploring Vocabulary Learning Support with Text Generation Modelscited by 12
  12. 2023CatAlyst: Domain-Extensible Intervention for Preventing Task Procrastination Using Large Generative Modelscited by 10
  13. 2022Suggestion Lists vs. Continuous Generation: Interaction Design for Writing with Generative Models on Mobile Devices Affect Text Length, Wording and Perceived Authorshipcited by 7
  14. 2023Inspo: Writing with Crowds Alongside AIcited by 5

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Cited by year (2026 to 7 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2025: 9; 2026: 4.

13 papers.

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  1. 2025Prototypical Human-AI Collaboration Behaviors from LLM-Assisted Writing in the Wildcited by 24
  2. 2025Survey on AI-Generated Media Detection: From Non-MLLM to MLLMcited by 12
  3. 2025Frankentext: Stitching random text fragments into long-form narrativescited by 8
  4. 2025Penalizing Transparency? How AI Disclosure and Author Demographics Shape Human and AI Judgments About Writingcited by 5
  5. 2025Collaborative Document Editing with Multiple Users and AI Agentscited by 5
  6. 2025Phraselette: A Poet's Procedural Palettecited by 4
  7. 2025The AI Memory Gap: Users Misremember What They Created With AI or Withoutcited by 2
  8. 2026Texterial: A Text-as-Material Interaction Paradigm for LLM-Mediated Writingcited by 2
  9. 2025Exploring Mobile Touch Interaction with Large Language Modelscited by 1
  10. 2025PromptCanvas: Composable Prompting Workspaces Using Dynamic Widgets for Exploration and Iteration in Creative Writingcited by 1
  11. 2026Who Owns the Text? Design Patterns for Preserving Authorship in AI-Assisted Writingcited by 1
  12. 2026Useful for Exploration, Risky for Precision: Evaluating AI Tools in Academic Researchcited by 1
1 more
  1. 2026Semantic Prompting: Agentic Incremental Narrative Refinement through Spatial Semantic Interactioncited by 0