MaxFusion: Plug&Play Multi-Modal Generation in Text-to-Image Diffusion Models
On the map: Diffusion models → Image generation, text-to-image and editing
Abstract (arXiv)
Large diffusion-based Text-to-Image (T2I) models have shown impressive generative powers for text-to-image generation as well as spatially conditioned image generation. For most applications, we can train the model end-toend with paired data to obtain photorealistic generation quality. However, to add an additional task, one often needs to retrain the model from scratch using paired data across all modalities to retain good generation performance. In this paper, we tackle this issue and propose a novel strategy to scale a generative model across new tasks with minimal compute. During our experiments, we discovered that the variance maps of intermediate feature maps of diffusion models capture the intensity of conditioning. Utilizing this prior information, we propose MaxFusion, an efficient strategy to scale up text-to-image generation models to accommodate new modality conditions. Specifically, we combine aligned features of multiple models, hence bringing a compositional effect. Our fusion strategy can be integrated into off-the-shelf models to enhance their generative prowess.
Key facts. Cited by 9 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in Image generation, text-to-image and editing, one of 14 directions in Diffusion models. Builds on 48 of its 51 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 15 Apr 2024.
Builds on
48 of 51 references.
Closest ancestors · 17
Same direction, newest first
- 2023UniControl: A Unified Diffusion Model for Controllable Visual Generation In the Wild18 May
- 2023Collaborative Diffusion for Multi-Modal Face Generation and Editing20 Apr
- 2023T2I-Adapter: Learning Adapters to Dig out More Controllable Ability for Text-to-Image Diffusion Models16 Feb
- 2023Adding Conditional Control to Text-to-Image Diffusion Models10 Feb
- 2022Training-Free Structured Diffusion Guidance for Compositional Text-to-Image Synthesis9 Dec
- 2022Multi-Concept Customization of Text-to-Image Diffusion8 Dec
- 2022M-VADER: A Model for Diffusion with Multimodal Context6 Dec
- 2022Unite and Conquer: Plug & Play Multi-Modal Synthesis using Diffusion Models1 Dec
- 2022Inversion-Based Style Transfer with Diffusion Models23 Nov
- 2022InstructPix2Pix: Learning to Follow Image Editing Instructions17 Nov
- 2022Versatile Diffusion: Text, Images and Variations All in One Diffusion Model15 Nov
- 2022eDiff-I: Text-to-Image Diffusion Models with an Ensemble of Expert Denoisers2 Nov
5 more
- 2022DreamBooth: Fine Tuning Text-to-Image Diffusion Models for Subject-Driven Generation25 Aug
- 2022Compositional Visual Generation with Composable Diffusion Models3 Jun
- 2022Pretraining is All You Need for Image-to-Image Translation25 May
- 2022Photorealistic Text-to-Image Diffusion Models with Deep Language Understanding23 May
- 2021GLIDE: Towards Photorealistic Image Generation and Editing with Text-Guided Diffusion Models20 Dec
Other references · 31
- 2021Learning Transferable Visual Models From Natural Language Supervisioncited by 33,456
- 2020Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Modelscited by 20,851
- 2021High-Resolution Image Synthesis with Latent Diffusion Modelscited by 18,694
- 2014Microsoft COCO: Common Objects in Contextcited by 17,498
- 2016Overcoming catastrophic forgetting in neural networkscited by 4,718
- 2022BLIP: Bootstrapping Language-Image Pre-training for Unified Vision-Language Understanding and Generationcited by 4,310
- 2022LAION-5B: An open large-scale dataset for training next generation image-text modelscited by 4,131
- 2021Improved Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Modelscited by 3,736
- 2022DreamFusion: Text-to-3D using 2D Diffusioncited by 3,006
- 2022Video Diffusion Modelscited by 2,280
- 2022Imagen Video: High Definition Video Generation with Diffusion Modelscited by 1,765
- 2023Zero-1-to-3: Zero-shot One Image to 3D Objectcited by 1,483
19 more
- 2019Semantic Image Synthesis with Spatially-Adaptive Normalizationcited by 1,295
- 2018Unified Perceptual Parsing for Scene Understandingcited by 1,265
- 2022Editing Models with Task Arithmeticcited by 1,076
- 2023TIES-Merging: Resolving Interference When Merging Modelscited by 795
- 2023MagicBrush: A Manually Annotated Dataset for Instruction-Guided Image Editingcited by 615
- 2021Merging Models with Fisher-Weighted Averagingcited by 613
- 2022Git Re-Basin: Merging Models modulo Permutation Symmetriescited by 460
- 2023UniPC: A Unified Predictor-Corrector Framework for Fast Sampling of Diffusion Modelscited by 441
- 2022Dataless Knowledge Fusion by Merging Weights of Language Modelscited by 384
- 2023Pix2Video: Video Editing using Image Diffusioncited by 318
- 2023Preserve Your Own Correlation: A Noise Prior for Video Diffusion Modelscited by 284
- 2023AdaMerging: Adaptive Model Merging for Multi-Task Learningcited by 248
- 2023Reduce, Reuse, Recycle: Compositional Generation with Energy-Based Diffusion Models and MCMCcited by 216
- 2020Robust Consistent Video Depth Estimationcited by 188
- 2023ZipIt! Merging Models from Different Tasks without Trainingcited by 178
- 2021Pixel Difference Networks for Efficient Edge Detectioncited by 167
- 2022REPAIR: REnormalizing Permuted Activations for Interpolation Repaircited by 119
- 2023An Empirical Study of Multimodal Model Mergingcited by 52
- 2022SceneComposer: Any-Level Semantic Image Synthesiscited by 43
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2024: 4; 2025: 5.
9 papers.
- 2024Model Merging in LLMs, MLLMs, and Beyond: Methods, Theories, Applications and Opportunitiescited by 247
- 2024Text-DiFuse: An Interactive Multi-Modal Image Fusion Framework based on Text-modulated Diffusion Modelcited by 31
- 2024LLMs Can Evolve Continually on Modality for X-Modal Reasoningcited by 12
- 2024Decouple-Then-Merge: Finetune Diffusion Models as Multi-Task Learningcited by 7
- 2025Unconditional Priors Matter! Improving Conditional Generation of Fine-Tuned Diffusion Modelscited by 7
- 2025DMM: Building a Versatile Image Generation Model via Distillation-Based Model Mergingcited by 5
- 2025Merge Now, Regret Later: The Hidden Cost of Model Merging Is Adversarial Transferabilitycited by 2
- 2025PartStickers: Generating Parts of Objects for Rapid Prototypingcited by 0
- 2025Pretrained Diffusion Models Are Inherently Skipped-Step Samplerscited by 0
- 2025Merge Now, Regret Later: The Hidden Cost of Model Merging Is Adversarial Transferability28 Sep 2025
- 2025Pretrained Diffusion Models Are Inherently Skipped-Step Samplers21 Aug 2025
- 2025DMM: Building a Versatile Image Generation Model via Distillation-Based Model Merging16 Apr 2025
- 2025PartStickers: Generating Parts of Objects for Rapid Prototyping7 Apr 2025
- 2025Unconditional Priors Matter! Improving Conditional Generation of Fine-Tuned Diffusion Models26 Mar 2025
- 2024Text-DiFuse: An Interactive Multi-Modal Image Fusion Framework based on Text-modulated Diffusion Model31 Oct 2024
- 2024LLMs Can Evolve Continually on Modality for X-Modal Reasoning26 Oct 2024
- 2024Decouple-Then-Merge: Finetune Diffusion Models as Multi-Task Learning9 Oct 2024
- 2024Model Merging in LLMs, MLLMs, and Beyond: Methods, Theories, Applications and Opportunities14 Aug 2024
Similar, not cited
Close in wording, no citation either way
- 2024MegaFusion: Extend Diffusion Models towards Higher-resolution Image Generation without Further Tuning
- 2024Controllable Generation with Text-to-Image Diffusion Models: A Survey
- 2022Plug-and-Play Diffusion Features for Text-Driven Image-to-Image Translation
- 2025Exploring the Deep Fusion of Large Language Models and Diffusion Transformers for Text-to-Image Synthesis
- 2022Implementing and Experimenting with Diffusion Models for Text-to-Image Generation
- 2024Dual Diffusion for Unified Image Generation and Understanding
- 2023Text-to-image Diffusion Models in Generative AI: A Survey
- 2024Diffusion Beats Autoregressive: An Evaluation of Compositional Generation in Text-to-Image Models