mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

FGAIF: Aligning Large Vision-Language Models with Fine-grained AI Feedback

arXiv 2404.05046 ↗First posted 7 Apr 2024cs.CV cs.CLcited by 30

On the map: Multimodal LLMs / vision-language models → VLM benchmarks and visual reasoning

also in 1 more
Abstract (arXiv)

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have demonstrated proficiency in tackling a variety of visual-language tasks. However, current LVLMs suffer from misalignment between text and image modalities which causes three kinds of hallucination problems, i.e., object existence, object attribute, and object relationship. To tackle this issue, existing methods mainly utilize Reinforcement Learning (RL) to align modalities in LVLMs. However, they still suffer from three main limitations: (1) General feedback can not indicate the hallucination type contained in the response; (2) Sparse rewards only give the sequence-level reward for the whole response; and (3)Annotation cost is time-consuming and labor-intensive. To handle these limitations, we propose an innovative method to align modalities in LVLMs through Fine-Grained Artificial Intelligence Feedback (FGAIF), which mainly consists of three steps: AI-based Feedback Collection, Fine-grained Reward Model Training, and Reinforcement Learning with Fine-grained Reward. Specifically, We first utilize AI tools to predict the types of hallucination for each segment in the response and obtain a collection of fine-grained feedback. Then, based on the collected reward data, three specialized reward models are trained to produce dense rewards. Finally, a novel fine-grained feedback module is integrated into the Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO) algorithm. Extensive experiments are conducted on hallucination and general benchmarks, demonstrating the superior performance of our proposed method. Notably, compared with previous models trained with the RL-based aligning method, our proposed method is effective even with fewer parameters.

Key facts. Cited by 30 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in VLM benchmarks and visual reasoning, one of 16 directions in Multimodal LLMs / vision-language models. Builds on 37 of its 49 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 7 Apr 2024.

Builds on

37 of 49 references.

References · 37

  1. 2020Language Models are Few-Shot Learnerscited by 32,199
  2. 2020An Image is Worth 16x16 Words: Transformers for Image Recognition at Scalecited by 29,915
  3. 2014Microsoft COCO: Common Objects in Contextcited by 17,498
  4. 2017Proximal Policy Optimization Algorithmscited by 14,441
  5. 2021LoRA: Low-Rank Adaptation of Large Language Modelscited by 14,084
  6. 2023LLaMA: Open and Efficient Foundation Language Modelscited by 13,958
  7. 2023Visual Instruction Tuningcited by 7,792
  8. 2016The Cityscapes Dataset for Semantic Urban Scene Understandingcited by 4,427
  9. 2023Improved Baselines with Visual Instruction Tuningcited by 4,362
  10. 2022Constitutional AI: Harmlessness from AI Feedbackcited by 2,950
  11. 2023InstructBLIP: Towards General-purpose Vision-Language Models with Instruction Tuningcited by 2,855
  12. 2023MiniGPT-4: Enhancing Vision-Language Understanding with Advanced Large Language Modelscited by 2,689
25 more
  1. 2015VQA: Visual Question Answeringcited by 2,489
  2. 2019Fine-Tuning Language Models from Human Preferencescited by 2,124
  3. 2015High-Dimensional Continuous Control Using Generalized Advantage Estimationcited by 1,916
  4. 2023Evaluating Object Hallucination in Large Vision-Language Modelscited by 1,696
  5. 2023FActScore: Fine-grained Atomic Evaluation of Factual Precision in Long Form Text Generationcited by 1,259
  6. 2023mPLUG-Owl: Modularization Empowers Large Language Models with Multimodalitycited by 1,038
  7. 2023Aligning Large Multimodal Models with Factually Augmented RLHFcited by 703
  8. 2023Mitigating Object Hallucinations in Large Vision-Language Models through Visual Contrastive Decodingcited by 671
  9. 2018Object Hallucination in Image Captioningcited by 661
  10. 2023OPERA: Alleviating Hallucination in Multi-Modal Large Language Models via Over-Trust Penalty and Retrospection-Allocationcited by 468
  11. 2023RLHF-V: Towards Trustworthy MLLMs via Behavior Alignment from Fine-grained Correctional Human Feedbackcited by 404
  12. 2023Fine-Grained Human Feedback Gives Better Rewards for Language Model Trainingcited by 399
  13. 2023Analyzing and Mitigating Object Hallucination in Large Vision-Language Modelscited by 314
  14. 2023MultiModal-GPT: A Vision and Language Model for Dialogue with Humanscited by 255
  15. 2023Rewarded soups: towards Pareto-optimal alignment by interpolating weights fine-tuned on diverse rewardscited by 232
  16. 2023Woodpecker: Hallucination Correction for Multimodal Large Language Modelscited by 223
  17. 2024Aligning Modalities in Vision Large Language Models via Preference Fine-tuningcited by 197
  18. 2024Arithmetic Control of LLMs for Diverse User Preferences: Directional Preference Alignment with Multi-Objective Rewardscited by 145
  19. 2023Holistic Analysis of Hallucination in GPT-4V(ision): Bias and Interference Challengescited by 131
  20. 2023Silkie: Preference Distillation for Large Visual Language Modelscited by 128
  21. 2023M3IT: A Large-Scale Dataset towards Multi-Modal Multilingual Instruction Tuningcited by 126
  22. 2023Negative Object Presence Evaluation (NOPE) to Measure Object Hallucination in Vision-Language Modelscited by 80
  23. 2023FaithScore: Fine-grained Evaluations of Hallucinations in Large Vision-Language Modelscited by 44
  24. 2024Hal-Eval: A Universal and Fine-grained Hallucination Evaluation Framework for Large Vision Language Modelscited by 27
  25. 2024Fine-grained and Explainable Factuality Evaluation for Multimodal Summarizationcited by 10

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Cited by year (2026 to 7 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2024: 15; 2025: 11; 2026: 4.

30 papers.

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  1. 2024Hallucination of Multimodal Large Language Models: A Surveycited by 380
  2. 2024RLAIF-V: Open-Source AI Feedback Leads to Super GPT-4V Trustworthinesscited by 129
  3. 2024mDPO: Conditional Preference Optimization for Multimodal Large Language Modelscited by 92
  4. 2024VL-RewardBench: A Challenging Benchmark for Vision-Language Generative Reward Modelscited by 85
  5. 2024Enhancing Visual-Language Modality Alignment in Large Vision Language Models via Self-Improvementcited by 74
  6. 2024Nullu: Mitigating Object Hallucinations in Large Vision-Language Models via HalluSpace Projectioncited by 46
  7. 2024Automated Multi-level Preference for MLLMscited by 29
  8. 2025Mitigating Object Hallucinations via Sentence-Level Early Interventioncited by 28
  9. 2025AVTrustBench: Assessing and Enhancing Reliability and Robustness in Audio-Visual LLMscited by 19
  10. 2024Pelican: Correcting Hallucination in Vision-LLMs via Claim Decomposition and Program of Thought Verificationcited by 17
  11. 2024TLDR: Token-Level Detective Reward Model for Large Vision Language Modelscited by 15
  12. 2025Alignment and Safety in Large Language Models: Safety Mechanisms, Training Paradigms, and Emerging Challengescited by 14
18 more
  1. 2024Systematic Reward Gap Optimization for Mitigating VLM Hallucinationscited by 7
  2. 2025Self-Improving VLM Judges Without Human Annotationscited by 7
  3. 2024From Pixels to Tokens: Revisiting Object Hallucinations in Large Vision-Language Modelscited by 5
  4. 2025A Comprehensive Analysis for Visual Object Hallucination in Large Vision-Language Modelscited by 4
  5. 2025Optimizing LVLMs with On-Policy Data for Effective Hallucination Mitigationcited by 4
  6. 2024FIHA: Autonomous Hallucination Evaluation in Vision-Language Models with Davidson Scene Graphscited by 3
  7. 2024A Unified Hallucination Mitigation Framework for Large Vision-Language Modelscited by 3
  8. 2024Defeasible Visual Entailment: Benchmark, Evaluator, and Reward-Driven Optimizationcited by 3
  9. 2025Multimodal Reference Visual Groundingcited by 3
  10. 2024LDC: Learning to Generate Research Idea with Dynamic Controlcited by 2
  11. 2025SAVER: Mitigating Hallucinations in Large Vision-Language Models via Style-Aware Visual Early Revisioncited by 2
  12. 2025Empowering Multimodal LLMs with External Tools: A Comprehensive Surveycited by 2
  13. 2025MAP: Mitigating Hallucinations in Large Vision-Language Models with Map-Level Attention Processingcited by 1
  14. 2025Suppressing VLM Hallucinations with Spectral Representation Filteringcited by 1
  15. 2026SAKED: Mitigating Hallucination in Large Vision-Language Models via Stability-Aware Knowledge Enhanced Decodingcited by 1
  16. 2026Mitigating Object Hallucinations in LVLMs via Attention Imbalance Rectificationcited by 1
  17. 2026Be Consistent! Enhancing Robust Visual Reasoning in LVLMs with Consistency Constraintscited by 0
  18. 2026Wiener Representation Filtering for VLM Hallucination Suppressioncited by 0

Similar, not cited

Close in wording, no citation either way

  1. 2026Beyond Saying Less: Fine-Grained Alignment for Informative and Faithful Vision-Language Models
  2. 2024Calibrated Self-Rewarding Vision Language Models
  3. 2025Robust Multimodal Large Language Models Against Modality Conflict
  4. 2024VLFeedback: A Large-Scale AI Feedback Dataset for Large Vision-Language Models Alignment
  5. 2025Token-Level Inference-Time Alignment for Vision-Language Models
  6. 2025VL-GenRM: Enhancing Vision-Language Verification via Vision Experts and Iterative Training
  7. 2026Look Carefully: Adaptive Visual Reinforcements in Multimodal Large Language Models for Hallucination Mitigation
  8. 2024Paying More Attention to Image: A Training-Free Method for Alleviating Hallucination in LVLMs