Optimizing LVLMs with On-Policy Data for Effective Hallucination Mitigation
On the map: Multimodal LLMs / vision-language models → Hallucination mitigation in LVLMs
Abstract (arXiv)
Recently, large vision-language models (LVLMs) have risen to be a promising approach for multimodal tasks. However, principled hallucination mitigation remains a critical challenge.In this work, we first analyze the data generation process in LVLM hallucination mitigation and affirm that on-policy data significantly outperforms off-policy data, which thus calls for efficient and reliable preference annotation of on-policy data. We then point out that, existing annotation methods introduce additional hallucination in training samples, which may enhance the model's hallucination patterns, to address this problem, we propose training a hallucination classifier giving binary annotations, which guarantee clean chosen samples for the subsequent alignment. To further harness of the power of on-policy data, we design a robust iterative direct preference optimization (DPO) algorithm adopting a dynamic sample reweighting scheme. We conduct comprehensive experiments on three benchmarks with comparison to 8 state-of-the-art baselines. In particular, our approach reduces the hallucination rate of LLaVA-1.5-7B on MMHalBench by 50.8% and the average hallucination rate on Object HalBench by 79.5%; more significantly, our method fully taps into the potential of open-source models, enabling LLaVA-1.5-13B to even surpass the performance of GPT-4V.
Key facts. Cited by 4 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Placed in Hallucination mitigation in LVLMs, one of 16 directions in Multimodal LLMs / vision-language models. Builds on 49 of its 60 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 30 Nov 2025.
Builds on
49 of 60 references.
Closest ancestors · 11
Same direction, newest first
- 2025Mitigating Hallucinations in Large Vision-Language Models via DPO: On-Policy Data Hold the Key16 Jan
- 2024V-DPO: Mitigating Hallucination in Large Vision Language Models via Vision-Guided Direct Preference Optimization5 Nov
- 2024VACoDe: Visual Augmented Contrastive Decoding26 Jul
- 2024Mitigating Object Hallucination in MLLMs via Data-augmented Phrase-level Alignment28 May
- 2024Detecting and Mitigating Hallucination in Large Vision Language Models via Fine-Grained AI Feedback22 Apr
- 2024Multi-Modal Hallucination Control by Visual Information Grounding20 Mar
- 2023RLHF-V: Towards Trustworthy MLLMs via Behavior Alignment from Fine-grained Correctional Human Feedback1 Dec
- 2023Mitigating Object Hallucinations in Large Vision-Language Models through Visual Contrastive Decoding28 Nov
- 2023Beyond Hallucinations: Enhancing LVLMs through Hallucination-Aware Direct Preference Optimization28 Nov
- 2023AMBER: An LLM-free Multi-dimensional Benchmark for MLLMs Hallucination Evaluation13 Nov
- 2023Volcano: Mitigating Multimodal Hallucination through Self-Feedback Guided Revision13 Nov
Other references · 38
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- 2024The Llama 3 Herd of Modelscited by 14,715
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- 2023Direct Preference Optimization: Your Language Model is Secretly a Reward Modelcited by 8,065
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- 2024Gemini 1.5: Unlocking multimodal understanding across millions of tokens of contextcited by 3,224
26 more
- 2023Sigmoid Loss for Language Image Pre-Trainingcited by 3,109
- 2023InternVL: Scaling up Vision Foundation Models and Aligning for Generic Visual-Linguistic Taskscited by 2,565
- 2023MMBench: Is Your Multi-modal Model an All-around Player?cited by 2,141
- 2023A Survey on Hallucination in Large Language Models: Principles, Taxonomy, Challenges, and Open Questionscited by 1,601
- 2018Generalized Cross Entropy Loss for Training Deep Neural Networks with Noisy Labelscited by 997
- 2019Advantage-Weighted Regression: Simple and Scalable Off-Policy Reinforcement Learningcited by 782
- 2023Aligning Large Multimodal Models with Factually Augmented RLHFcited by 712
- 2018Object Hallucination in Image Captioningcited by 669
- 2023Iterative Preference Learning from Human Feedback: Bridging Theory and Practice for RLHF under KL-Constraintcited by 350
- 2024Is DPO Superior to PPO for LLM Alignment? A Comprehensive Studycited by 262
- 2024Direct Language Model Alignment from Online AI Feedbackcited by 260
- 2024Aligning Modalities in Vision Large Language Models via Preference Fine-tuningcited by 198
- 2024Preference Fine-Tuning of LLMs Should Leverage Suboptimal, On-Policy Datacited by 185
- 2024RLAIF-V: Open-Source AI Feedback Leads to Super GPT-4V Trustworthinesscited by 131
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- 2024BoNBoN Alignment for Large Language Models and the Sweetness of Best-of-n Samplingcited by 121
- 2024Understanding the performance gap between online and offline alignment algorithmscited by 110
- 2024Learning Dynamics of LLM Finetuningcited by 95
- 2024mDPO: Conditional Preference Optimization for Multimodal Large Language Modelscited by 92
- 2025On-Policy RL Meets Off-Policy Experts: Harmonizing Supervised Fine-Tuning and Reinforcement Learning via Dynamic Weightingcited by 91
- 2024β-DPO: Direct Preference Optimization with Dynamic βcited by 90
- 2024Calibrated Self-Rewarding Vision Language Modelscited by 78
- 2024Strengthening Multimodal Large Language Model with Bootstrapped Preference Optimizationcited by 75
- 2024VLFeedback: A Large-Scale AI Feedback Dataset for Large Vision-Language Models Alignmentcited by 58
- 2024FGAIF: Aligning Large Vision-Language Models with Fine-grained AI Feedbackcited by 30
- 2024Optimal Design for Reward Modeling in RLHFcited by 25
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2026: 4.
4 papers.
- 2026Aletheia: What Makes RLVR For Code Verifiers Tick?cited by 5
- 2026Visual Preference Optimization with Rubric Rewardscited by 5
- 2026Perturb the Thought, Not the Pixels: Latent-Space Rollout Diversification for Reinforcement Learning of Vision-Language Modelscited by 1
- 2026Hallucination Mitigation for Large Vision-Language Models via Implicit Feature Stabilizationcited by 0
- 2026Hallucination Mitigation for Large Vision-Language Models via Implicit Feature Stabilization30 Aug 2026
- 2026Perturb the Thought, Not the Pixels: Latent-Space Rollout Diversification for Reinforcement Learning of Vision-Language Models21 Aug 2026
- 2026Visual Preference Optimization with Rubric Rewards14 Apr 2026
- 2026Aletheia: What Makes RLVR For Code Verifiers Tick?17 Jan 2026
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