Quality-Diversity Actor-Critic: Learning High-Performing and Diverse Behaviors via Value and Successor Features Critics
On the map: Deep reinforcement learning methods → RL theory and sample complexity
Abstract (arXiv)
A key aspect of intelligence is the ability to demonstrate a broad spectrum of behaviors for adapting to unexpected situations. Over the past decade, advancements in deep reinforcement learning have led to groundbreaking achievements to solve complex continuous control tasks. However, most approaches return only one solution specialized for a specific problem. We introduce Quality-Diversity Actor-Critic (QDAC), an off-policy actor-critic deep reinforcement learning algorithm that leverages a value function critic and a successor features critic to learn high-performing and diverse behaviors. In this framework, the actor optimizes an objective that seamlessly unifies both critics using constrained optimization to (1) maximize return, while (2) executing diverse skills. Compared with other Quality-Diversity methods, QDAC achieves significantly higher performance and more diverse behaviors on six challenging continuous control locomotion tasks. We also demonstrate that we can harness the learned skills to adapt better than other baselines to five perturbed environments. Finally, qualitative analyses showcase a range of remarkable behaviors: adaptive-intelligent-robotics.github.io/QDAC.
Key facts. Cited by 13 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Placed in RL theory and sample complexity, one of 15 directions in Deep reinforcement learning methods. Builds on 49 of its 68 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 15 Mar 2024.
Builds on
49 of 68 references.
References · 49
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37 more
- 2015Illuminating search spaces by mapping elitescited by 425
- 2021Brax -- A Differentiable Physics Engine for Large Scale Rigid Body Simulationcited by 407
- 2016Successor Features for Transfer in Reinforcement Learningcited by 340
- 2018Maximum a Posteriori Policy Optimisationcited by 328
- 2019Dynamics-Aware Unsupervised Discovery of Skillscited by 313
- 2016Variational Intrinsic Controlcited by 267
- 2020First return, then explorecited by 266
- 2014Robots that can adapt like animalscited by 204
- 2021Behavior From the Void: Unsupervised Active Pre-Trainingcited by 174
- 2022Rapid Locomotion via Reinforcement Learningcited by 168
- 2017Emergence of Locomotion Behaviours in Rich Environmentscited by 165
- 2022Walk These Ways: Tuning Robot Control for Generalization with Multiplicity of Behaviorcited by 138
- 2017Quality and Diversity Optimization: A Unifying Modular Frameworkcited by 113
- 2018Universal Successor Features Approximatorscited by 103
- 2020One Solution is Not All You Need: Few-Shot Extrapolation via Structured MaxEnt RLcited by 79
- 2019Covariance Matrix Adaptation for the Rapid Illumination of Behavior Spacecited by 78
- 2020Diversity Policy Gradient for Sample Efficient Quality-Diversity Optimizationcited by 54
- 2020Scaling MAP-Elites to Deep Neuroevolutioncited by 38
- 2021Hierarchical Skills for Efficient Explorationcited by 38
- 2022Approximating Gradients for Differentiable Quality Diversity in Reinforcement Learningcited by 38
- 2022Discovering Policies with DOMiNO: Diversity Optimization Maintaining Near Optimalitycited by 37
- 2022Choreographer: Learning and Adapting Skills in Imaginationcited by 31
- 2021Unsupervised Behaviour Discovery with Quality-Diversity Optimisationcited by 30
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- 2022Neuroevolution is a Competitive Alternative to Reinforcement Learning for Skill Discoverycited by 23
- 2023MAP-Elites with Descriptor-Conditioned Gradients and Archive Distillation into a Single Policycited by 20
- 2023Proximal Policy Gradient Arborescence for Quality Diversity Reinforcement Learningcited by 20
- 2023Diversifying AI: Towards Creative Chess with AlphaZerocited by 15
- 2021MapGo: Model-Assisted Policy Optimization for Goal-Oriented Taskscited by 13
- 2023Uncertain Quality-Diversity: Evaluation methodology and new methods for Quality-Diversity in Uncertain Domainscited by 13
- 2022Benchmarking Quality-Diversity Algorithms on Neuroevolution for Reinforcement Learningcited by 10
- 2022Relevance-guided Unsupervised Discovery of Abilities with Quality-Diversity Algorithmscited by 8
- 2023Learning Diverse Skills for Local Navigation under Multi-constraint Optimalitycited by 8
- 2022Hierarchical Quality-Diversity for Online Damage Recoverycited by 5
- 2021On Multi-objective Policy Optimization as a Tool for Reinforcement Learning: Case Studies in Offline RL and Finetuningcited by 4
- 2023Don't Bet on Luck Alone: Enhancing Behavioral Reproducibility of Quality-Diversity Solutions in Uncertain Domainscited by 3
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Citing papers per year: 2024: 2; 2025: 8; 2026: 3.
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- 2025The impact of intrinsic rewards on exploration in Reinforcement Learningcited by 8
- 2025Zero-Shot Adaptation of Behavioral Foundation Models to Unseen Dynamicscited by 8
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- 2025Is On-Policy Data always the Best Choice for Direct Preference Optimization-based LM Alignment?cited by 1
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- 2025The Geometry of Nonlinear Reinforcement Learning1 Sep 2025
- 2025From Tabula Rasa to Emergent Abilities: Discovering Robot Skills via Real-World Unsupervised Quality-Diversity26 Aug 2025
- 2025Is On-Policy Data always the Best Choice for Direct Preference Optimization-based LM Alignment?14 Aug 2025
- 2025Trajectory First: A Curriculum for Discovering Diverse Policies2 Jun 2025
- 2025Full Domain Analysis in Fluid Dynamics28 May 2025
- 2025Zero-Shot Adaptation of Behavioral Foundation Models to Unseen Dynamics19 May 2025
- 2025The impact of intrinsic rewards on exploration in Reinforcement Learning20 Jan 2025
- 2024Diversifying Policy Behaviors with Extrinsic Behavioral Curiosity8 Oct 2024
- 2025The impact of intrinsic rewards on exploration in Reinforcement Learningcited by 8
- 2025The Geometry of Nonlinear Reinforcement Learningcited by 1
- 2026Structure-Conditioned Actor-Critic Branches for Quality-Diversity Reinforcement Learningcited by 0
- 2026Contextual Quality-Diversity Evolutionary Reinforcement Learning for HVAC Control in Tropical Commercial Buildingscited by 0
- 2026Contextual Quality-Diversity Evolutionary Reinforcement Learning for HVAC Control in Tropical Commercial Buildings11 Aug 2026
- 2026Structure-Conditioned Actor-Critic Branches for Quality-Diversity Reinforcement Learning7 Jun 2026
- 2025The Geometry of Nonlinear Reinforcement Learning1 Sep 2025
- 2025The impact of intrinsic rewards on exploration in Reinforcement Learning20 Jan 2025
- 2025Zero-Shot Adaptation of Behavioral Foundation Models to Unseen Dynamicscited by 8
- 2025Full Domain Analysis in Fluid Dynamicscited by 2
- 2026Discount Model Search for Quality Diversity Optimization in High-Dimensional Measure Spacescited by 1
- 2025Trajectory First: A Curriculum for Discovering Diverse Policiescited by 0
- 2025From Tabula Rasa to Emergent Abilities: Discovering Robot Skills via Real-World Unsupervised Quality-Diversitycited by 0
- 2026Discount Model Search for Quality Diversity Optimization in High-Dimensional Measure Spaces3 Jan 2026
- 2025From Tabula Rasa to Emergent Abilities: Discovering Robot Skills via Real-World Unsupervised Quality-Diversity26 Aug 2025
- 2025Trajectory First: A Curriculum for Discovering Diverse Policies2 Jun 2025
- 2025Full Domain Analysis in Fluid Dynamics28 May 2025
- 2025Zero-Shot Adaptation of Behavioral Foundation Models to Unseen Dynamics19 May 2025
Similar, not cited
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- 2026Distributional Value Estimation Without Target Networks for Robust Quality-Diversity
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- 2025Multi-Actor Multi-Critic Deep Deterministic Reinforcement Learning with a Novel Q-Ensemble Method
- 2025XQC: Well-conditioned Optimization Accelerates Deep Reinforcement Learning
- 2024Quality Diversity for Robot Learning: Limitations and Future Directions
- 2024Improving Actor-Critic Training with Steerable Action-Value Approximation Errors
- 2024Mitigating Suboptimality of Deterministic Policy Gradients in Complex Q-functions