DiffuseRAW: End-to-End Generative RAW Image Processing for Low-Light Images
On the map: Diffusion models → Inverse problems and image restoration
Abstract (arXiv)
Imaging under extremely low-light conditions presents a significant challenge and is an ill-posed problem due to the low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) caused by minimal photon capture. Previously, diffusion models have been used for multiple kinds of generative tasks and image-to-image tasks, however, these models work as a post-processing step. These diffusion models are trained on processed images and learn on processed images. However, such approaches are often not well-suited for extremely low-light tasks. Unlike the task of low-light image enhancement or image-to-image enhancement, we tackle the task of learning the entire image-processing pipeline, from the RAW image to a processed image. For this task, a traditional image processing pipeline often consists of multiple specialized parts that are overly reliant on the downstream tasks. Unlike these, we develop a new generative ISP that relies on fine-tuning latent diffusion models on RAW images and generating processed long-exposure images which allows for the apt use of the priors from large text-to-image generation models. We evaluate our approach on popular end-to-end low-light datasets for which we see promising results and set a new SoTA on the See-in-Dark (SID) dataset. Furthermore, with this work, we hope to pave the way for more generative and diffusion-based image processing and other problems on RAW data.
Key facts. Cited by 4 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in Inverse problems and image restoration, one of 14 directions in Diffusion models. Builds on 38 of its 83 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 13 Dec 2023.
Builds on
38 of 83 references.
Closest ancestors · 1
Same direction, newest first
Other references · 37
- 2020Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Modelscited by 20,851
- 2021High-Resolution Image Synthesis with Latent Diffusion Modelscited by 18,694
- 2018The Unreasonable Effectiveness of Deep Features as a Perceptual Metriccited by 11,029
- 2022Classifier-Free Diffusion Guidancecited by 5,717
- 2022DreamBooth: Fine Tuning Text-to-Image Diffusion Models for Subject-Driven Generationcited by 3,286
- 2022InstructPix2Pix: Learning to Follow Image Editing Instructionscited by 2,591
- 2021SwinIR: Image Restoration Using Swin Transformercited by 1,869
- 2021Restormer: Efficient Transformer for High-Resolution Image Restorationcited by 1,618
- 2016Beyond a Gaussian Denoiser: Residual Learning of Deep CNN for Image Denoisingcited by 1,352
- 2018AutoAugment: Learning Augmentation Policies from Datacited by 728
- 2022Compositional Visual Generation with Composable Diffusion Modelscited by 619
- 2020Zero-Reference Deep Curve Estimation for Low-Light Image Enhancementcited by 541
25 more
- 2018Noise2Noise: Learning Image Restoration without Clean Datacited by 526
- 2019EnlightenGAN: Deep Light Enhancement without Paired Supervisioncited by 466
- 2018Learning to See in the Darkcited by 459
- 2022Understanding Diffusion Models: A Unified Perspectivecited by 337
- 2020Learning Enriched Features for Real Image Restoration and Enhancementcited by 311
- 2015LLNet: A Deep Autoencoder Approach to Natural Low-light Image Enhancementcited by 224
- 2015Trainable Nonlinear Reaction Diffusion: A Flexible Framework for Fast and Effective Image Restorationcited by 194
- 2021Low-Light Image Enhancement with Normalizing Flowcited by 184
- 2022Learning Enriched Features for Fast Image Restoration and Enhancementcited by 150
- 2020A Physics-based Noise Formation Model for Extreme Low-light Raw Denoisingcited by 138
- 2019Noise Flow: Noise Modeling with Conditional Normalizing Flowscited by 108
- 2022EpiGRAF: Rethinking training of 3D GANscited by 108
- 2018DeepISP: Towards Learning an End-to-End Image Processing Pipelinecited by 88
- 2021Rethinking Noise Synthesis and Modeling in Raw Denoisingcited by 62
- 2021ADNet: Attention-guided Deformable Convolutional Network for High Dynamic Range Imagingcited by 51
- 2022Dancing under the stars: video denoising in starlightcited by 47
- 2017WESPE: Weakly Supervised Photo Enhancer for Digital Camerascited by 32
- 2022Learnability Enhancement for Low-light Raw Denoising: Where Paired Real Data Meets Noise Modelingcited by 23
- 2022GenISP: Neural ISP for Low-Light Machine Cognitioncited by 22
- 2023Diffusion in the Dark: A Diffusion Model for Low-Light Text Recognitioncited by 20
- 2023Towards General Low-Light Raw Noise Synthesis and Modelingcited by 19
- 2019Learning Digital Camera Pipeline for Extreme Low-Light Imagingcited by 9
- 2017Image Restoration using Autoencoding Priorscited by 8
- 2016End-to-End Learning for Image Burst Deblurringcited by 6
- 2016Autoencoder-based holographic image restorationcited by 1
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2024: 2; 2025: 1; 2026: 1.
4 papers.
- 2024RAW-Diffusion: RGB-Guided Diffusion Models for High-Fidelity RAW Image Generationcited by 8
- 2025Dark-ISP: Enhancing RAW Image Processing for Low-Light Object Detectioncited by 5
- 2024Beyond the Visible: Jointly Attending to Spectral and Spatial Dimensions with HSI-Diffusion for the FINCH Spacecraftcited by 0
- 2026EeveeDark: A Binary Neural Framework for Low-Light Video Enhancement via Event-Guided Sensor-Level Fusioncited by 0
- 2026EeveeDark: A Binary Neural Framework for Low-Light Video Enhancement via Event-Guided Sensor-Level Fusion7 Jul 2026
- 2025Dark-ISP: Enhancing RAW Image Processing for Low-Light Object Detection11 Sep 2025
- 2024RAW-Diffusion: RGB-Guided Diffusion Models for High-Fidelity RAW Image Generation20 Nov 2024
- 2024Beyond the Visible: Jointly Attending to Spectral and Spatial Dimensions with HSI-Diffusion for the FINCH Spacecraft15 Jun 2024
Similar, not cited
Close in wording, no citation either way
- 2025DarkDiff: Advancing Low-Light Raw Enhancement by Retasking Diffusion Models for Camera ISP
- 2025Diffusion Models for Low-Light Image Enhancement: A Multi-Perspective Taxonomy and Performance Analysis
- 2023LDM-ISP: Enhancing Neural ISP for Low Light with Latent Diffusion Models
- 2024Diffusion Models in Low-Level Vision: A Survey
- 2024DiffuseHigh: Training-free Progressive High-Resolution Image Synthesis through Structure Guidance
- 2025Boosting Generative Image Modeling via Joint Image-Feature Synthesis
- 2026LGTM: Training-Free Light-Guided Text-to-Image Diffusion Model via Initial Noise Manipulation
- 2023LLDiffusion: Learning Degradation Representations in Diffusion Models for Low-Light Image Enhancement