Zero-Shot Reasoning: Personalized Content Generation Without the Cold Start Problem
On the map: LLM reasoning → Reasoning for agents, planning and code
Abstract (arXiv)
Procedural content generation uses algorithmic techniques to create large amounts of new content for games at much lower production costs. In newer approaches, procedural content generation utilizes machine learning. However, these methods usually require expensive collection of large amounts of data, as well as the development and training of fairly complex learning models, which can be both extremely time-consuming and expensive. The core of our research is to explore whether we can lower the barrier to the use of personalized procedural content generation through a more practical and generalizable approach with large language models. Matching game content with player preferences benefits both players, who enjoy the game more, and developers, who increasingly depend on players enjoying the game before being able to monetize it. Therefore, this paper presents a novel approach to achieving personalization by using large language models to propose levels based on the gameplay data continuously collected from individual players. We compared the levels generated using our approach with levels generated with more traditional procedural generation techniques. Our easily reproducible method has proven viable in a production setting and outperformed levels generated by traditional methods in the probability that a player will not quit the game mid-level.
Key facts. Cited by 1 paper in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in Reasoning for agents, planning and code, one of 17 directions in LLM reasoning. Builds on 11 of its 51 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 15 Feb 2024.
Builds on
11 of 51 references.
References · 11
- 2017Attention Is All You Needcited by 59,932
- 2020Language Models are Few-Shot Learnerscited by 32,199
- 2023GPT-4 Technical Reportcited by 18,132
- 2022Large Language Models are Zero-Shot Reasonerscited by 4,323
- 2021Finetuned Language Models Are Zero-Shot Learnerscited by 3,747
- 2016Google's Multilingual Neural Machine Translation System: Enabling Zero-Shot Translationcited by 467
- 2017Procedural Content Generation via Machine Learning (PCGML)cited by 136
- 2020Deep Learning for Procedural Content Generationcited by 73
- 2023Level Generation Through Large Language Modelscited by 68
- 2023Better Zero-Shot Reasoning with Self-Adaptive Promptingcited by 52
- 2023ChatGPT4PCG Competition: Character-like Level Generation for Science Birdscited by 8
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2024: 1.
1 paper.
- 2024GPT for Games: An Updated Scoping Review (2020-2024)cited by 10
- 2024GPT for Games: An Updated Scoping Review (2020-2024)1 Nov 2024
Similar, not cited
Close in wording, no citation either way
- 2024Moonshine: Distilling Game Content Generators into Steerable Generative Models
- 2023PCGPT: Procedural Content Generation via Transformers
- 2026High-quality generation of dynamic game content via small language models: A proof of concept
- 2026Recursive Game Creator: An Agentic Product-Level Experience-Oriented Game Harness
- 2025PCGRLLM: Large Language Model-Driven Reward Design for Procedural Content Generation Reinforcement Learning
- 2024Playable Game Generation
- 2026GameCraft-Bench: Can Agents Build Playable Games End-to-End in a Real Game Engine?
- 2026From LLM-Driven Trading Card Generation to Procedural Relatedness: A Pok'emon Case Study