High-quality generation of dynamic game content via small language models: A proof of concept
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Abstract (arXiv)
Large language models (LLMs) offer promise for dynamic game content generation, but they face critical barriers, including narrative incoherence and high operational costs. Due to their large size, they are often accessed in the cloud, limiting their application in offline games. Many of these practical issues are solved by pivoting to small language models (SLMs), but existing studies using SLMs have resulted in poor output quality. We propose a strategy of achieving high-quality SLM generation through aggressive fine-tuning on deliberately scoped tasks with narrow context, constrained structure, or both. In short, more difficult tasks require narrower scope and higher specialization to the training corpus. Training data is synthetically generated via a DAG-based approach, grounding models in the specific game world. Such models can form the basis for agentic networks designed around the narratological framework at hand, representing a more practical and robust solution than cloud-dependent LLMs. To validate this approach, we present a proof-of-concept focusing on a single specialized SLM as the fundamental building block. We introduce a minimal RPG loop revolving around rhetorical battles of reputations, powered by this model. We demonstrate that a simple retry-until-success strategy reaches adequate quality (as defined by an LLM-as-a-judge scheme) with predictable latency suitable for real-time generation. While local quality assessment remains an open question, our results demonstrate feasibility for real-time generation under typical game engine constraints.
Key facts. No citing papers in the map yet (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 17 of its 40 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 30 Jan 2026.
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References · 17
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- 2023Can Large Language Models Play Text Games Well? Current State-of-the-Art and Open Questionscited by 30
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- 2024Instruction Fine-Tuning: Does Prompt Loss Matter?cited by 26
- 2024Large Language Models and Video Games: A Preliminary Scoping Reviewcited by 23
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