mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

LLM-as-a-tutor in EFL Writing Education: Focusing on Evaluation of Student-LLM Interaction

arXiv 2310.05191 ↗First posted 8 Oct 2023cs.CLcited by 28

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Abstract (arXiv)

In the context of English as a Foreign Language (EFL) writing education, LLM-as-a-tutor can assist students by providing real-time feedback on their essays. However, challenges arise in assessing LLM-as-a-tutor due to differing standards between educational and general use cases. To bridge this gap, we integrate pedagogical principles to assess student-LLM interaction. First, we explore how LLMs can function as English tutors, providing effective essay feedback tailored to students. Second, we propose three metrics to evaluate LLM-as-a-tutor specifically designed for EFL writing education, emphasizing pedagogical aspects. In this process, EFL experts evaluate the feedback from LLM-as-a-tutor regarding quality and characteristics. On the other hand, EFL learners assess their learning outcomes from interaction with LLM-as-a-tutor. This approach lays the groundwork for developing LLMs-as-a-tutor tailored to the needs of EFL learners, advancing the effectiveness of writing education in this context.

Key facts. Cited by 28 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 5 of its 28 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 8 Oct 2023.

Builds on

5 of 28 references.

References · 5

  1. 2023Judging LLM-as-a-Judge with MT-Bench and Chatbot Arenacited by 8,393
  2. 2013A Computational Approach to Politeness with Application to Social Factorscited by 104
  3. 2023Cue-CoT: Chain-of-thought Prompting for Responding to In-depth Dialogue Questions with LLMscited by 62
  4. 2023Is ChatGPT a Good Teacher Coach? Measuring Zero-Shot Performance For Scoring and Providing Actionable Insights on Classroom Instructioncited by 37
  5. 2023RECIPE: How to Integrate ChatGPT into EFL Writing Educationcited by 17

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Cited by year (2026 to 7 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2024: 3; 2025: 18; 2026: 7.

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  1. 2025Training LLM-based Tutors to Improve Student Learning Outcomes in Dialoguescited by 40
  2. 2025TRATES: Trait-Specific Rubric-Assisted Cross-Prompt Essay Scoringcited by 12
  3. 2025LLMs can Perform Multi-Dimensional Analytic Writing Assessments: A Case Study of L2 Graduate-Level Academic English Writingcited by 10
  4. 2025Help Me Write a Story: Evaluating LLMs' Ability to Generate Writing Feedbackcited by 10
  5. 2025Multilingual Performance Biases of Large Language Models in Educationcited by 9
  6. 2025Large Language Models for Security Operations Centers: A Comprehensive Surveycited by 9
  7. 2025Breaking Bad Tokens: Detoxification of LLMs Using Sparse Autoencoderscited by 8
  8. 2024RECIPE4U: Student-ChatGPT Interaction Dataset in EFL Writing Educationcited by 7
  9. 2025Position: LLMs Can be Good Tutors in English Educationcited by 6
  10. 2024STRICTA: Structured Reasoning in Critical Text Assessment for Peer Review and Beyondcited by 5
  11. 2025Exploring the Potential of Large Multimodal Models as Effective Alternatives for Pronunciation Assessmentcited by 4
  12. 2025When Models Know More Than They Can Explain: Quantifying Knowledge Transfer in Human-AI Collaborationcited by 4
16 more
  1. 2025Exploring LLM Autoscoring Reliability in Large-Scale Writing Assessments Using Generalizability Theorycited by 3
  2. 2026Linguistics and Human Brain: A Perspective of Computational Neurosciencecited by 3
  3. 2025Comparing human and LLM proofreading in L2 writing: Impact on lexical and syntactic featurescited by 2
  4. 2025MAGIC: Multi-Agent Argumentation and Grammar Integrated Critiquercited by 2
  5. 2026LLMs Do Not Grade Essays Like Humanscited by 2
  6. 2024Closing the Loop: Learning to Generate Writing Feedback via Language Model Simulated Student Revisionscited by 1
  7. 2025Can LLMs Simulate L2-English Dialogue? An Information-Theoretic Analysis of L1-Dependent Biasescited by 1
  8. 2025Free Lunch for User Experience: Crowdsourcing Agents for Scalable User Studiescited by 1
  9. 2026Could Large Language Models work as Post-hoc Explainability Tools in Credit Risk Models?cited by 1
  10. 2025DIY-MKG: An LLM-Based Polyglot Language Learning Systemcited by 0
  11. 2025Feed-O-Meter: Investigating AI-Generated Mentee Personas as Interactive Agents for Scaffolding Design Feedback Practicecited by 0
  12. 2025FEANEL: A Benchmark for Fine-Grained Error Analysis in K-12 English Writingcited by 0
  13. 2026Never say never: Exploring the effects of available knowledge on agent persuasiveness in controlled physiotherapy motivation dialoguescited by 0
  14. 2026The Crutch or the Ceiling? How Different Generations of LLMs Shape EFL Student Writingscited by 0
  15. 2026PaperMentor: A Human-Centered Multi-Agent Writing Tutor for AI Research Papers on Overleafcited by 0
  16. 2026From Texts to Scores: Tracing the Emergence of Essay Quality Representations in Large Language Modelscited by 0