Compressed Models Decompress Race Biases: What Quantized Models Forget for Fair Face Recognition
Not on the map. Why?
Abstract (arXiv)
With the ever-growing complexity of deep learning models for face recognition, it becomes hard to deploy these systems in real life. Researchers have two options: 1) use smaller models; 2) compress their current models. Since the usage of smaller models might lead to concerning biases, compression gains relevance. However, compressing might be also responsible for an increase in the bias of the final model. We investigate the overall performance, the performance on each ethnicity subgroup and the racial bias of a State-of-the-Art quantization approach when used with synthetic and real data. This analysis provides a few more details on potential benefits of performing quantization with synthetic data, for instance, the reduction of biases on the majority of test scenarios. We tested five distinct architectures and three different training datasets. The models were evaluated on a fourth dataset which was collected to infer and compare the performance of face recognition models on different ethnicity.
Key facts. Cited by 9 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 15 of its 22 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 23 Aug 2023.
Builds on
15 of 22 references.
References · 15
- 2015Deep Residual Learning for Image Recognitioncited by 52,096
- 2020Training Generative Adversarial Networks with Limited Datacited by 1,186
- 2016MS-Celeb-1M: A Dataset and Benchmark for Large-Scale Face Recognitioncited by 624
- 2019Adversarial Domain Adaptation with Domain Mixupcited by 250
- 2018MobileFaceNets: Efficient CNNs for Accurate Real-Time Face Verification on Mobile Devicescited by 182
- 2019What Do Compressed Deep Neural Networks Forget?cited by 171
- 2020Characterising Bias in Compressed Modelscited by 167
- 2021ElasticFace: Elastic Margin Loss for Deep Face Recognitioncited by 144
- 2021SynFace: Face Recognition with Synthetic Datacited by 106
- 2022Meta Balanced Network for Fair Face Recognitioncited by 53
- 2022QuantFace: Towards Lightweight Face Recognition by Synthetic Data Low-bit Quantizationcited by 18
- 2020StRDAN: Synthetic-to-Real Domain Adaptation Network for Vehicle Re-Identificationcited by 14
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2024: 8; 2025: 1.
9 papers.
- 2024Second FRCSyn-onGoing: Winning Solutions and Post-Challenge Analysis to Improve Face Recognition with Synthetic Datacited by 13
- 2024Model Compression Techniques in Biometrics Applications: A Surveycited by 5
- 2024Can the accuracy bias by facial hairstyle be reduced through balancing the training data?cited by 5
- 2024Fairness Under Cover: Evaluating the Impact of Occlusions on Demographic Bias in Facial Recognitioncited by 3
- 2024Massively Annotated Datasets for Assessment of Synthetic and Real Data in Face Recognitioncited by 2
- 2024MST-KD: Multiple Specialized Teachers Knowledge Distillation for Fair Face Recognitioncited by 2
- 2024Fairer Analysis and Demographically Balanced Face Generation for Fairer Face Verificationcited by 2
- 2024How Knowledge Distillation Mitigates the Synthetic Gap in Fair Face Recognitioncited by 1
- 2025Balancing Beyond Discrete Categories: Continuous Demographic Labels for Fair Face Recognitioncited by 0
- 2025Balancing Beyond Discrete Categories: Continuous Demographic Labels for Fair Face Recognition2 Jun 2025
- 2024Fairer Analysis and Demographically Balanced Face Generation for Fairer Face Verification4 Dec 2024
- 2024Second FRCSyn-onGoing: Winning Solutions and Post-Challenge Analysis to Improve Face Recognition with Synthetic Data2 Dec 2024
- 2024How Knowledge Distillation Mitigates the Synthetic Gap in Fair Face Recognition30 Aug 2024
- 2024MST-KD: Multiple Specialized Teachers Knowledge Distillation for Fair Face Recognition29 Aug 2024
- 2024Fairness Under Cover: Evaluating the Impact of Occlusions on Demographic Bias in Facial Recognition19 Aug 2024
- 2024Can the accuracy bias by facial hairstyle be reduced through balancing the training data?30 May 2024
- 2024Massively Annotated Datasets for Assessment of Synthetic and Real Data in Face Recognition23 Apr 2024
- 2024Model Compression Techniques in Biometrics Applications: A Survey18 Jan 2024
Similar, not cited
Close in wording, no citation either way
- 2025Gone With the Bits: Revealing Racial Bias in Low-Rate Neural Compression for Facial Images
- 2024You Never Know: Quantization Induces Inconsistent Biases in Vision-Language Foundation Models
- 2025Investigation of Accuracy and Bias in Face Recognition Trained with Synthetic Data
- 2024Ef-QuantFace: Streamlined Face Recognition with Small Data and Low-Bit Precision
- 2025Downsized and Compromised?: Assessing the Faithfulness of Model Compression
- 2025A Comparative Study on Synthetic Facial Data Generation Techniques for Face Recognition
- 2026Quantization Undoes Alignment: Bias Emergence in Compressed LLMs Across Models and Precision Levels
- 2024Comprehensive Study on Performance Evaluation and Optimization of Model Compression: Bridging Traditional Deep Learning and Large Language Models